中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (48): 7232-7338.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.48.013

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

3D打印导板辅助腰椎皮质骨螺钉置入的可行性

李智多1,袁 峰2,盛晓磊1,陆海涛1,姜 伟1,李 威1   

  1. 1徐州医科大学研究生学院,江苏省徐州市   2210022徐州医科大学附属医院骨科,江苏省徐州市   221006
  • 修回日期:2016-09-24 出版日期:2016-11-25 发布日期:2016-11-25
  • 通讯作者: 袁峰,博士,教授,硕士生导师,徐州医科大学附属医院骨科,江苏省徐州市 221006
  • 作者简介:李智多,男,1989年生,江苏省徐州市人,汉族,徐州医科大学研究生学院在读硕士,主要从事脊柱外科方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    江苏省卫生厅课题(H201129)

Feasibility of three-dimensional printing composite template for lumbar posterior cortical bone screw

Li Zhi-duo1, Yuan Feng2, Sheng Xiao-lei1, Lu Hai-tao1, Jiang Wei1, Li Wei1   

  1. 1Postgraduate College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Revised:2016-09-24 Online:2016-11-25 Published:2016-11-25
  • Contact: Yuan Feng, M.D., Professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Li Zhi-duo, Studying for master’s degree, Postgraduate College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:

    a grant from the Health Department of Jiangsu Province, No. H201129

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

 

文题释义:
腰椎皮质骨螺钉轨迹技术:与传统的椎弓根螺钉内固定技术相比,该技术的优点在于螺钉与皮质骨接触面积更多,同时避免了大范围剥离两侧椎旁肌到人字嵴外侧来明确骨解剖标志,以及切除部分后纵韧带复合体;使得腰椎皮质骨螺钉轨迹技术尽可能的保持腰椎后方的稳定性。
3D打印技术:3D打印技术与医学相结合的核心在于通过三维CT等得到数字化Dicom资料进行高精度的重建,再根据术者的设计进行3D编辑;将设计的导板进行计算机的高清展示;最终通过相关设备进行3D打印并将该个体化导板用于复杂骨科手术中。
 
摘要
背景:腰椎皮质骨螺钉轨迹技术是一种新型腰椎后路内固定技术,其钉道轨迹与传统椎弓根内固定不同,所以凭借经验的徒手置钉失败率高,而3D打印导板的设计可以提高皮质骨螺钉轨迹技术置钉的安全性和准确性。
目的:探讨两种3D打印导板辅助腰椎后路皮质骨钉置入的安全性、准确性,并与徒手置钉进行对比。
方法:选取正常腰椎标本6具,随机分成3组,A组为徒手置钉组,B组为椎板-人字嵴型导板组,C组为椎板-棘突型导板组,每组2具标本,行螺旋CT扫描。扫描数据经Mimics软件三维重建后对导板组行腰椎后路皮质骨钉模拟安全钉道的计算机辅助设计,分别建立与腰椎椎板-人字嵴、腰椎椎板-棘突后表面解剖结构互补的三维基板,组合形成复合导板。在3D打印机上进行导板实体化,利用相应导板辅助置钉。行X射线、CT检查,以明确螺钉位置、方向、是否有椎弓根皮质破裂等情况,根据Grade分级评价3种方法的置钉成功率、可接受率并进行比较。
结果与结论:①3组各2例标本,分别各置入腰椎后路皮质骨钉20枚,其中A组置钉的成功率为70%(14/20),置钉可接受率为80%(16/20);B组置钉成功率为70%(14/20),置钉可接受率为95%(19/20);C组置钉成功率为95%(19/20),置钉可接受率为100%(20/20);②C组置钉成功率显著高于A、B组(P < 0.05);C组置钉可接受率显著高于A组(P < 0.05);③实验证明,椎板-棘突型导板辅助置钉具备较高成功率,提高了置钉的安全性和准确性,理论上可降低神经、血管的损伤风险;同时椎板-人字嵴不适合作为导板的贴合面,该类型导板无法与标本完全匹配。 

 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

ORCID:
0000-002-9122-1487(李智多)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 脊柱植入物, 腰椎, 3D打印技术, 计算机辅助, 逆向工程, 皮质骨螺钉轨迹技术, 三维重建

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Cortical bone trajectory is a new lumbar posterior internal fixation technology, whose trajectory is different from traditional internal fixation technology. Cortical bone trajectory led to high failure rate lacking of experience for insertion. However, the three-dimensional template improves its safety and accuracy.

OBJECTIVE: To validate the security and accuracy of lumbar vertebral cortical bone screw placement under the assistance of three-dimensional printing oriented template, and compare to the group with free hand insertion.
METHODS: Six normal lumbar spine specimens were selected and randomly divided into groups A, B and C (n=2). Specimens in group A underwent free hand screw placement; group B underwent screw placement by the crista lambdoidalis composite guide; while group C underwent screw placement by the spinous process composite guide. All patients received CT scan. After data were processed using Mimics software for three-dimensional model reconstruction, computer-assisted design of optimum trajactory for lumbar vertebral cortical bone screw placement was worked out and made into a drill and screw template, where the surface was created as the inverse of lumbar posterior surface respectively. The drill template and lumbar model were materialized in a rapid prototyping machine. X-ray and CT scan were conducted to identify the screw position and direction, as well as pedicle cortical rupture. According to Grade grading, success rates and acceptable rates in groups A, B and C were evaluated and compared. 

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Among the three groups (2 specimens), 20 posterior cortical bone screws were implanted, showing a success rate of 70% (14/20) and acceptable rate of 80% (16/20) in the group A; a success rate of 70% (14/20) and acceptable rate of 95% (19/20) in the group B; a success rate of 95% (19/20) and acceptable rate of 100% (20/20) in the group C. (2) The success rate was significantly higher in the group C than in the groups A and B (P < 0.05). The acceptable rate was significantly higher in the group C than in the group A (P < 0.05). (3) These results verified that the group of vertebral lamina and spinous process composite template has a high matching relation which improves the safety and accuracy. It can theoretically reduce the risk of nerve and blood vessel injury. Simultaneously, the construction of crista lambdoidalis is not fit for the surface of template, which cannot completely match with the specimen. 


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Lumbar Vertebrae, Bone Nails, Computer-Aided Design, Tissue Engineering

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