中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (33): 4963-4969.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.33.014

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

低氧环境对骨代谢影响的研究与进展

李广周1,吴  伟2   

  1. 1重庆三峡学院体育与健康学院,重庆市  404100;2上海体育学院,上海市  200438
  • 收稿日期:2016-06-04 出版日期:2016-08-12 发布日期:2016-08-12
  • 通讯作者: 吴伟,硕士,上海体育学院,上海市 200438
  • 作者简介:李广周,男,1973年生,河南省淮阳县人,汉族,硕士,副教授,主要从事运动康复的研究。

Research progress in bone metabolism in the hypoxic environment

Li Guang-zhou1, Wu Wei2   

  1. 1School of Sports and Health, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404100, China; 2Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
  • Received:2016-06-04 Online:2016-08-12 Published:2016-08-12
  • Contact: Wu Wei, Master, Investigator, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
  • About author:Li Guang-zhou, Master, Associate professor, School of Sports and Health, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404100, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
低氧:是指高原环境随海拔增高, 形成大气压下降和其中的氧分压降低, 即空气中的氧含量低下, 导致吸入气氧分压下降而引起人体的低氧血症。
骨代谢:骨的功能是为肌肉收缩提供附着处及保护内脏等重要的生命器官。一般认为骨在细胞水平上是不活跃的,事实上骨的细胞在不停地进行着细胞代谢,不仅骨的细胞之间会相互作用,还存在骨髓中的红细胞生成细胞、基质细胞相互作用,以进行骨的改建和重建。有两种细胞在骨代谢中起着重要的作用,一种是吸收骨基质的破骨细胞,另一种是合成骨基质的成骨细胞。该两者分布在骨膜、骨小梁及骨皮质处。在两种细胞相互作用的部位被称作为基本多细胞单位。在每一个基本多细胞单位,骨可因破骨细胞的吸收而消失,也能被重新合成骨的成骨细胞所取代。有些成骨细胞被掺合在骨基质中变成骨细胞。
摘要
背景:
以往的研究中,在低氧刺激下机体的有氧运动能力、心血管系统、血液成分、免疫系统、神经内分泌系统、自由基抗氧化系统、酸碱平衡系统等都会产生影响,但目前低氧环境对于骨代谢的影响以及其相关机制的研究尚不明确。
目的:从低氧诱导因子及成骨细胞和破骨细胞相关通路入手,详细阐述低氧环境对骨代谢的影响,同时也分析和评价低氧环境下运动训练对骨骼的影响,为高原训练对骨吸收和骨形成提供一定理论依据。
方法:应用计算机检索中国学术期刊全文数据(CNKI)和PubMed数据库中2000年1月至2015年9月关于低氧环境对骨代谢影响的文章,检索词为“低氧环境;低氧诱导因子;骨代谢;运动;高原训练”;英文检索词为“hypoxia environment, hypoxia inducible factors, bone metabolism, exercise, altitude training”。初检文献233篇,根据纳入标准保留46篇进行分析、综述。
结果与结论:①低氧环境中对骨代谢的影响较复杂,主要通过低氧诱导因子及成骨细胞和破骨细胞相关通路的作用,随着作用时间及氧浓度不同作用不同;②目前发现低氧诱导因子对骨骼影响主要以低氧诱导因子1为主。一方面低氧诱导因子1α可以通过血管内皮生长因子而促进骨骼生长,另一方面也可以直接作用于成骨细胞和破骨细胞;③低氧环境下低氧诱导因子1主要是通过酸化作用刺激破骨细胞,而增加骨吸收能力;④不同的骨代谢相关信号通路在低氧环境下被激活的程度不一,成骨细胞介导的骨形成和破骨细胞介导的骨吸收平衡随之发生改变。高原训练可能会对骨代谢产生不利影响,要控制好高原的海拔,训练的周期及强度。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0001-9038-0542(吴伟)

关键词: 组织构建, 骨组织工程, 低氧环境, 低氧诱导因子, 骨代谢, 运动, 高原训练

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: It has been reported that human aerobic endurance, cardiovascular system, blood constituent, immune system, neuroendocrine system, free radical antioxidant system, and acid-base balance system can be influenced under hypoxic conditions. However, very little is known regarding bone metabolism under hypoxic conditions and the underlying mechanisms.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the effects of hypoxic conditions on bone metabolism from the views of hypoxia inducible factors, osteblasts and osteoclasts, and the effects of exercise training under hypoxic conditions on the skeleton, contributing to understanding the theoretical advantages and disadvantages of altitude training.
METHODS: A computer-based online search was conducted in CNKI and PubMed databases from January 2000 to September 2015 using the keywords “hypoxia environment, hypoxia inducible factors, bone metabolism, exercise, altitude training” to screen the relevant English and Chinese literatures. A total of 233 literatures were screened and finally 46 eligible literatures were included.
RESLUTS AND CONCLUSION: The effects of hypoxic conditions on bone metabolism are complex, which are mainly linked to hypoxia inducible factors, osteblasts and osteoclasts. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 is considered to influence the skeleton by promoting the bone growth induced by vascular endothelial growth factor and directly affecting the osteblasts and osteoclasts. Additionally, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 has been shown to enhance osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. The balance between osteoblast-mediated bone formation and osteoclast-mediated bone resorption is disturbed under hypoxic conditions. We need to pay attention to the training period and intensity at altitude because altitude training may not benefit the bone metabolism.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

Key words: Anoxia, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, Metabolism, Sports Medicine, Osteoblasts, Tissue Engineering

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