中国组织工程研究

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股内侧肌入路计算机辅助设计全膝关节置换与传统方案的对比

刘 鹏1,刘平平2   

  1. 1衡水市人民医院)骨一科,河北省衡水市 053000;2河北医科大学附属第二医院骨科,河北省石家庄市 050000
  • 修回日期:2016-04-09 出版日期:2016-05-27 发布日期:2016-05-27
  • 通讯作者: 刘鹏,医师,衡水市哈励逊国际和平医院(衡水市人民医院)骨一科,河北省衡水市 053000
  • 作者简介:刘鹏,男,1983年生,河北省衡水市人,汉族,2008年佳木斯大学毕业,医师,主要从事四肢骨折复杂创伤方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    河北医科大学科研基金资助项目(20123011)

A comparison of computer-assisted total knee arthroplasty through vastus medialis approach and conventional arthroplasty

Liu Peng1, Liu Ping-ping2   

  1. 1First Department of Orthopedics, Hengshui Halison International Peace Hospital (Hengshui People’s Hospital), Hengshui 053000, Hebei Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
  • Revised:2016-04-09 Online:2016-05-27 Published:2016-05-27
  • Contact: Liu Peng, Physician, First Department of Orthopedics, Hengshui Halison International Peace Hospital (Hengshui People’s Hospital), Hengshui 053000, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Liu Peng, Physician, First Department of Orthopedics, Hengshui Halison International Peace Hospital (Hengshui People’s Hospital), Hengshui 053000, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Scientific Research Foundation of Hebei Medical University, No. 20123011

摘要:

文章快速阅读: 

文题释义:
股内侧肌入路:以往全膝关节置换以内侧髌旁入路为主,创伤大、恢复慢,而经股内侧肌下入路更符合正常解剖,能完整保留伸膝装置。股内侧肌中间入路被许多专家看好,因为这一入路对股四头肌内侧结构破坏较少,在后期功能恢复中占有优势,并且对于施术部位的破坏较少,容易恢复膝关节的本体感觉。
膝关节置换计算机辅助设计:通过使用计算机辅助技术,可以针对不同患者的实际情况结合具体的数据信息进行个性化手术设计等,以更好的提高手术的准确性和安全性等。通过计算机辅助设计,可以让医生在膝关节置换前,充分了解患者关节生物力学的改变,有利于医生在术中根据术前设计调整截骨位置,有效地恢复正常的关节生物力学特性,同时,在X射线片标明放大率的情况下,可以还原到所需的放大率,利用数据库假体模板,精确测量所选假体大小,缩短手术时间,降低并发症的发生率。
 
摘要
背景:临床对膝关节原发性骨关节炎患者进行治疗时,人工全膝关节置换是一种常用的修复方案,但传统术式存在一定的不足之处,可能会导致假体早期失败的出现。
目的:在人工全膝关节置换过程中选择股内侧肌入路,并使用计算机辅助设计,探讨与传统全膝关节置换的不同之处。
方法:纳入膝关节原发性骨关节炎患者79例,按照随机数字表法分为对照组(41例)和观察组(38例),分别给予传统全膝关节置换和股内侧肌入路计算机辅助设计人工全膝关节置换治疗。对比2组的手术切口、手术时间、总出血量和引流量;置换后随访12个月,评估2组患者的美国特种外科医院膝关节评分,记录并发症发生情况,并进行比较。

结果与结论:①观察组的手术切口显著小于对照组,手术时间显著短于对照组,总出血量和引流量均显著少于对照组(P均< 0.05);②2组患者均接受12个月的随访,末次随访观察组患者的膝关节功能各项指标得分以及总分均显著高于对照组,差异均有显著性意义(P均< 0.05);③经随访观察组患者均未出现置换后感染、人工假体松动以及骨折等不良事件。对照组有4例出现假体松动,1例出现切口感染,均经积极处理后明显好转,未出现严重并发症。观察组的并发症发生率显著低于对照组(P < 0.05);④结果表明,较之传统术式,在人工全膝关节置换过程中选择股内侧肌入路,并使用计算机辅助设计可以模拟膝关节置换过程,预先设定截骨方位,提高手术精度和成功率,对患者的创伤更小,从而有效改善膝关节功能,降低置换后并发症发生率。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

ORCID: 0000-0001-7434-1017(刘鹏)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 人工假体, 膝关节, 骨关节炎, 人工全膝关节置换, 手术入路, 股内侧肌, 计算机辅助设计

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: In the treatment of primary knee osteoarthritis, total knee arthroplasty is a common treatment, but there are some shortcomings in the traditional operation, which may lead to early failure of the prosthesis.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the difference of computer-assisted total knee arthroplasty by vastus medialis approach from the traditional total knee arthroplasty.
METHODS: A total of 79 patients with primary knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into control group (41 cases) and observation group (38 cases), which underwent conventional total knee arthroplasty and computer-assisted total knee arthroplasty by vastus medialis approach. Surgical incision, operation time, total blood loss and drainage volume were recorded and compared in both groups. In 12 months of follow-up, Hospital for Special Surgery knee score was evaluated, and the complications were recorded and compared between the two groups.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Operative incision was significantly less in the observation group than in the control group. Operation time was significantly shorter in the observation group than in the control group. Total blood loss and drainage volume were significantly less in the observation group than in the control group (all P < 0.05). (2) Patients in both groups were followed up for 12 months. Index score and total score of knee function were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (all P < 0.05). (3) No adverse events such as infection, prosthesis loosening or fracture appeared in the observation group. In the control group, four cases affected prosthesis loosening. One case suffered from wound infection. Above events were improved obviously after active treatment. No serious complications occurred. The incidence of complications was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). (4) The results show that, compared with the traditional operation, the choice of the femoral medial approach and the use of computer aided design technology can simulate the knee replacement process, set the cutting position, improve the accuracy and success rate of surgery, have less trauma, and effectively improve knee function, and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee, Osteoarthritis, Computer-Aided Design, Tissue Engineering

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