中国组织工程研究 ›› 2015, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (13): 2034-2039.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.13.013

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

不同植入物内固定修复胸腰段脊柱结核:后凸Cobb角及脊柱稳定性比较

邢文华,霍洪军,肖宇龙,杨学军,赵  岩,付  裕,祝  勇,李  峰,辛大奇   

  1. 内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院脊柱外科,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市  010030
  • 收稿日期:2015-01-14 出版日期:2015-03-26 发布日期:2015-03-26
  • 作者简介:邢文华,男,1977年生,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市人,汉族,2011年解放军第二军医大学毕业,博士,副主任医师,主要从事脊柱外科方面的研究。

Different internal fixation treatment of thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis: comparision of kyphosis Cobb angle and spinal stability

Xing Wen-hua, Huo Hong-jun, Xiao Yu-long, Yang Xue-jun, Zhao Yan, Fu Yu, Zhu Yong, Li Feng, Xin Da-qi   

  1. Department of Spinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2015-01-14 Online:2015-03-26 Published:2015-03-26
  • About author:Xing Wen-hua, M.D., Associate chief physician, Department of Spinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

摘要:

背景:胸腰段为脊柱结核好发部位,干酪样坏死组织及死骨压迫脊髓、神经根易引起神经症状,多数合并轻度、中度脊柱后凸畸形。近年来手术修复脊柱结核报道较多,病灶清除、植骨融合、内固定已成为常规治疗方法。
目的:探讨胸腰段脊柱结核不同内固定修复方法的选择原则。
方法:2001年1月至2011年12月共收治42例胸腰段脊柱结核患者,所有患者都有腰背部疼痛症状,病程1个月-7年;术前有神经功能损害者4例,Frankel分级C 级1例,D 级3例。脊柱后凸畸形Cobb角为12°-45°,平均27°。治疗前后按照标准方案进行化疗。根据结核病灶部位、椎体破坏程度选择内固定方式,均行切除第11和(或)12肋经胸膜外、腹膜后入路病灶清除椎间植骨,其中一期前路病灶清除植骨融合内固定25例,后路椎弓根钉棒固定+前路病灶清除17例(一期手术7例、二期手术10例)。36例采用肋骨植骨,6例采用取髂骨植骨。治疗后随访17个月-9年,观察后凸畸形矫正、脊柱稳定性及脊髓功能恢复情况。
结果与结论:治疗后30例患者获得随访,腰背部疼痛症状消失,X射线片检查示治疗后均获得良好的固定,全部病例植骨呈骨性融合,平均融合时间为5.4个月;无内固定松动、断裂,结核无复发。4例合并脊髓损伤患者,术后Frankel分级均为E级。治疗后12个月脊柱后凸Cobb角为0°-26°,平均14°。提示在规范抗结核治疗的基础上,胸腰段脊柱结核采用胸膜外、腹膜后入路的方法进行病灶清除,根据患者一般情况、结核病灶破坏程度采用不同内固定方法,可取的较好的修复效果。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程


全文链接:

关键词: 植入物, 脊柱植入物, 脊柱结核, 胸腰段, 内固定, 植骨融合, 脊髓损伤, 随访研究

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Thoracic lumbar segment is prone to spinal tuberculosis, caseous necrosis tissue, dead bone compression of spinal cord and nerve root may cause neurological symptoms, and the majority of them is accompanied with mild and moderate spinal kyphosis deformity. Surgical treatment of spinal tuberculosis has been frequently reported in recent years, the commonly used treatment includes lesion clearance, bone graft fusion and internal fixation.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the principle of choosing different internal fixation treatment for thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis.
METHODS: 42 patients with thoracolumbar spinal tuberculosis were involved in this study from January 2001 to December 2011. All patients suffered from waist and back pains, with the disease course range of 1 month to 7 
years. Four cases showed neurological deficit before surgery. According to the Frankel classification, 1 case was graded as Frankel C and 3 cases as Frankel D. The preoperative average Cobb angle of kyphosis was 27° (range 12°-45°). The internal fixation approaches were chosen according to the tuberculose focus and vertebral fracture extent. Thoraco-abdominal approach for thoracolumbar spine via diaphragm with the removal of 11 rib and(or) 12 rib was performed for all patients. Among these protocols, 25 cases underwent anterior focal debridement and bone grafting.  17 cases had anterior focal debridement and posterior pedicle screw internal fixation (one-stage surgery in 7 cases and second-stage surgery in 10 cases). All patients received anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy before and after operation.   36 cases used rib and 6 cases used iliac bone as bone graft. All patients were followed up from 17 months to 9 years. The correction of spinal deformity, spinal stability and spinal functional recovery were observed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 30 patients were followed up after operations and the back pains disappeared. X-ray examination showed that, all patients were fixed well without no loosening and rupture, and achieved bony fusion (the mean time were 5.4 months). No tuberculosis recurred. Four cases complicated with spinal cord injury were E grade according to the Frankel classification. The Cobb angle was 0-26° (mean 14°) at 12 months after operation. On the premise of standard anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy, various internal fixation methods can be determined according to general conditions of patients and tuberculose focus site.


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程


全文链接:

Key words: Tuberculosis, Spinal, Internal Fixators, Follow-Up Studies

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