中国组织工程研究 ›› 2014, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (18): 2841-2847.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.18.010

• 器官移植临床实践 clinical practice of organ transplantation • 上一篇    下一篇

肾移植后并发肺结核感染的诊断与治疗

李国文,胡建敏,刘永光,范礼佩,李留洋,赵  明   

  1. 南方医科大学珠江医院器官移植科,广东省广州市  510282
  • 收稿日期:2014-02-20 出版日期:2014-04-30 发布日期:2014-04-30
  • 通讯作者: 赵明,博士,教授,主任医师,博士研究生导师,南方医科大学珠江医院器官移植科,广东省广州市 510282
  • 作者简介:李国文,男,1987年生,广东省梅州市人,汉族,南方医科大学在读硕士,主要从事肾移植方面的基础及临床的研究。

Diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis infection after renal transplantation

Li Guo-wen, Hu Jian-min, Liu Yong-guang, Fan Li-pei, Li Liu-yang, Zhao Ming   

  1. Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2014-02-20 Online:2014-04-30 Published:2014-04-30
  • Contact: Zhao Ming, M.D., Professor, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Li Guo-wen, Studying for master’s degree, Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, Guangdong Province, China

摘要:

背景:肾移植后患者肺结核感染率较高,临床表现缺乏典型性,给诊断和治疗带来不便。
目的:总结同种异体肾移植后肺结核感染的诊断和治疗方法。
方法:回顾性分析2010年1月至2013年10月期间在南方医科大学珠江医院器官移植科诊断为肾移植后肺结核感染的13例患者相关临床诊断和治疗方法。
结果与结论:肾移植后并发肺结核感染的患者发病时间为肾移植后4-120个月,62%(8/13)患者于移植后18个月内发病。患者多以长时间发热为主要的临床表现,常以低热为首发表现。4例根据病史、影像学资料结合病原学阳性确诊,5例根据病史、影像学资料结合肺穿刺活检组织病理学阳性确诊,其余4例根据病史、影像学资料结合实验性抗结核治疗有效而做出临床诊断。患者肺部体征早期不明显,胸部CT有助于早期诊断和鉴别诊断。所有患者遵循早期、规律、全程、适量、联合原则进行抗结核治疗,疗程一般6-10个月,经给予联合抗结核感染药物、调整免疫抑制剂及五酯胶囊保肝等综合治疗,13例患者均存活,未出现死亡病例。2例由于感染早期未及时正规治疗,发生急性排斥反应,导致移植肾功能丧失而恢复血液透析,其余患者均痊愈出院,随访6个月肾功能正常(查血肌酐变化)。 说明肾移植后并发肺结核病的患者应早发现、早诊断、早治疗。CT引导下穿刺活检可作为肾移植后菌阴肺结核诊断和鉴别的有效且可行的手段。在调整免疫方案和抗结核治疗同时给予五酯胶囊可显著减少钙调神经蛋白抑制剂类药物剂量,减轻钙调神经蛋白抑制剂类药不良反应。



中国组织工程研究
杂志出版内容重点:肾移植肝移植移植;心脏移植;组织移植;皮肤移植;皮瓣移植;血管移植;器官移植组织工程


全文链接:

关键词: 实验动物, 组织构建, 肾移植, 肺结核, 肺穿刺, 利福喷丁, 对氨基水杨酸异烟肼, 五酯胶囊, 诊断, 治疗

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The rate of tuberculosis infection was high in patients after renal transplantation. Clinical manifestation is not typical, which brings inconvenience to diagnose.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the diagnosis and therapeutic methods of tuberculosis infection after allograft renal transplantation.
METHODS: Relevant diagnosis and therapeutic method of 13 patients with tuberculosis infection after renal transplantation were retrospectively analyzed in the Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University from January 2010 to October 2013.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The onset time was 4-120 months after operation; 62% (8/13) patients within
18 months after transplantation. Patients affected long-period fever, mainly low-grade fever. Four cases were identified according to the history, imaging data in combination with positive pathogenic diagnosis. Five cases were identified according to the history, imaging data combined with lung biopsy histopathology. The remaining four cases were identified according to the history, imaging data with experimental effective anti tuberculosis treatment. Early pulmonary symptom was not obvious. Chest CT was helpful in early diagnosis and differential diagnosis. All patients followed early, law, full, right amount, combined with principles of anti-tuberculosis treatment, and treatment usually lasted for 6-10 months. They were given combined anti-tuberculosis infection drugs, adjustment of immunosuppressive agents and five-ester capsule for liver protection therapy. Thirteen patients were alive, no deaths. Two cases with early infection without timely treatment suffered from acute rejection, leading to loss of graft function and returned to hemodialysis. The others were cured and left hospital. Renal function was normal after 6-month follow-up (serum creatinine). Results indicated that after renal transplantation, patients with pulmonary tuberculosis should be early detected, early diagnosed and early treated. CT guided biopsy can be used as an effective and feasible means for diagnosis and identification of smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis after renal transplantation. Adjustment of immune scheme, anti-tuberculosis treatment and five-ester capsule significantly reduced calcineurin inhibitor dose, and lessened their adverse reactions.



中国组织工程研究
杂志出版内容重点:肾移植肝移植移植;心脏移植;组织移植;皮肤移植;皮瓣移植;血管移植;器官移植组织工程


全文链接:

Key words: kidney transplantation, tuberculosis, pulmonary, respiratory tract infections, tuberculosis, immunity

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