中国组织工程研究

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肾移植患者待肾期间的应对方式调查

韩孟霞,解俊杰, 安  丹   

  1. 解放军第309医院器官移植研究所泌尿二科,北京市  100091
  • 收稿日期:2012-08-29 修回日期:2013-02-27 出版日期:2013-07-30 发布日期:2013-07-30
  • 通讯作者: 解俊杰,硕士,医师,解放军第309医院器官移植研究所泌尿二科,北京市 100091 xiaopx309@126.com
  • 作者简介:韩孟霞,女,1971年生,北京市人,主管护师,主要从事泌尿外科和器官移植临床护理工作。 hanmengxia109@sina.com

Coping styles of patients waiting for renal transplantation

Han Meng-xia, Xie Jun-jie, An Dan   

  1. Second Department of Urology, Organ transplantation Center, the 309th Hospital of PLA, Beijing  100091, China
  • Received:2012-08-29 Revised:2013-02-27 Online:2013-07-30 Published:2013-07-30
  • Contact: Xie Jun-jie, Master, Physician, Second Department of Urology, Organ transplantation Center, the 309th Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100091, China xiaopx309@126.com
  • About author:Han Meng-xia, Nurse in-charge, Second Department of Urology, Organ transplantation Center, the 309th Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100091, China hanmengxia109@sina.com

摘要:

背景:对肾移植患者待肾期间的心理学征象进行量化评估,分析该人群应对方式,对其进行相对应的个性化临床心理干预,有利于患者积极面对现实和疾病。
目的:通过对等待肾移植患者的心理应激状态进行调查,分析不同社会因素对患者应对方式的影响,探讨相应的临床心理干预对策。
方法:随机抽取2009年2月至2010年8月在解放军第309医院器官移植中心泌尿二科等待肾移植患者58例及非等待肾移植患者60例进行调查,采用目前通用的医学应对问卷的形式要求患者填写心理调查问卷表,应用多因素Logistic回归方法分析不同社会因素对患者应对方式及其心理应激状态的影响。
结果与结论:调查结果显示等待肾移植患者的“回避”和“屈服”量表得分明显高于非等待肾移植患者(P < 0.05);但两组的“面对”量表得分差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。说明等待肾移植患者较非等待肾移植患者所承受的心理压力大,可能与等待肾移植患者病程长、花费大、担心移植后排斥等因素有关。多因素Logistic回归分析发现患者的性别、文化程度、收入、费用支付方式和年龄均可影响等待肾移植患者的“面对”(斗争)、“回避”和“屈服”(接受)量表得分,其中文化程度在大专以上的患者“面对”量表得分高;年收入6万元以下的患者“回避”和“屈服”量表得分高。可见等待肾移植患者的收入与文化程度是影响其应对方式和心理应激状态的主要因素,对患者进行合理的临床个体化护理干预,有利于患者积极面对疾病,可减少移植对患者的心理损害。

关键词: 器官移植, 肾移植, 等待肾移植, 应对方式, 心理干预, 护理, 心理应激状态, 医学应对问卷, 影响因素, 调查分析

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the psychological characteristics of the patients waiting for renal transplantation in order to analyze coping style, thus perform the corresponding personalized clinical psychological intervention which is conductive for patients to face reality and disease.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the psychological characteristics of the patients waiting for renal transplantation and to analyze the effect of different social factors on the coping style of patients and to explore the corresponding clinical mental intervention method
METHODS: Fifty-eight patients waiting for renal transplantation and 60 patients without renal transplantation were randomly selected from Second Department of Urology, Organ transplantation Center, the 309th Hospital of PLA between February 2009 and August 2010, the patients were required to fill in a psychological questionnaire form using the currently general used medical response. The effect of social factors on the coping style and psychological stress status was analyzed with multi-factor Logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: From the questionnaire survey, the evasive and yielding value scores of the patients waiting for renal transplantation were significantly higher than those of the patients without renal transplantation (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference of confrontation score between the patients
(P > 0.05). It indicated that the psychological pressure of the patients waiting for renal transplantation was bigger that of the patients with out renal transplantation, which may related with course of the disease, cost and the rejection after transplantation for the patients has to endured. Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that sex, education, income, payment methods and age of the patients were all related with the confrontation, evasive and yielding scores, as those with technical secondary school education or better got the best confrontation score while those with annual income less than 60 000 yuan got the highest score in evasive and yielding styles. The results show that income and education level of patients are the main factors that affect the coping style and psychological stress status of the patients waiting for renal transplantation, treating the patients with reasonable renal clinical care interventions can help the patients face to the disease positively and can reduce the damage of transplantation to the psychology of the patients.

Key words: organ transplantation, renal transplantation, waiting for renal transplantation, coping style, psychological investigation, care, psychological stress status, medical coping questionnaire, influencing factors, survey analysis

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