中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (18): 2812-2816.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1726

• 组织工程骨及软骨材料 tissue-engineered bone and cartilage materials • 上一篇    下一篇

不同材质内植物混合使用对骨折愈合的影响

吕国栋
  

  1. 内蒙古科技大学包头医学院第一附属医院,内蒙古自治区包头市  014010
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-28 出版日期:2019-06-28 发布日期:2019-06-28
  • 作者简介:吕国栋,男,1971年生,山东省高密县人,汉族, 2008年山西医科大学毕业,硕士,主要从事肢体功能修复与重建研究。

Effects of mixed use of different materials of implants on fracture healing

Lü Guodong
  

  1. the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College of Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2019-01-28 Online:2019-06-28 Published:2019-06-28
  • About author:Lü Guodong, Master, the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College of Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 

文题释义:
内固定材料混合应用:通常在骨科手术中,针对同一患者,骨科医生会尽可能使用同一个厂家、同一种材质的内固定材料,但在一些特殊情况下,比如使用不锈钢丝捆扎蝶形骨片、髌骨骨折微创复位使用空心钉加钢丝进行内固定等情况,就无法避免不锈钢与钛合金的直接接触,目前对于这种不同材质的直接接触是否会影响骨愈合及加快内固定物本身的锈蚀尚无定论。  
弹性模量:材料在弹性变形阶段,其应力和应变成正比例关系(即符合胡克定律),其比例系数称为弹性模量。在骨科常用的内固定材料中,钛的弹性模量最接近骨,可在形同受力情况下产生与骨基本相同的形变,这一点使得骨折完成内固定后避免局部应力过于集中有积极作用。
 
 
背景:不锈钢和钛合金作为在骨科手术中应用最多的2种内植物材料,在临床应用中常不可避免的相互混搭接触,但有关内固定联合应用对周围组织干扰情及骨折愈合影响的研究较少。
目的:观察评价不同材质内植物(不锈钢、钛合金)单纯及混合使用对骨折周围组织炎性反应及骨愈合的影响。
方法:取24只新西兰大白兔(包头医学院第一附属医院骨科动物实验室提供),截骨制作胫骨骨折模型,随机分4组干预,每组6只:A组以不锈钢接骨板及不锈钢螺钉内固定,B组以不锈钢接骨板及钛钉内固定,C组以钛接骨板及钛钉内固定,D组以钛接骨板及不锈钢螺钉内固定。术后6,12周,取出实验胫骨标本,进行X射线和组织学检查。

结果与结论:①苏木精-伊红染色:术后6周,各组内植物周围标本均有中等量的炎性细胞浸润,以淋巴细胞为主,伴有少量中性粒细胞,可见毛细血管及纤维细胞;术后12周,各组标本淋巴细胞数量减少,偶可见巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞,接骨板表面纤维膜厚度较术后6周时明显减小;术后不同时间点各组间差异不明显;②X射线检查:术后6周,各组骨折复位良好,内固定物在位,仍可见骨折线,但已模糊,骨折线及内植物周围未见明显骨痂形成,各组间差异不明显;术后12周,各组骨折线已不可见,内固定在位,因内固定遮挡,骨痂未能满意显示;去除内固定后,沿内固定边缘可见骨痂形成,原骨折断端亦有明显骨痂形成,各组间差异不明显;③结果表明:在动物实验中,混合使用不同材质(不锈钢及钛)内植物进行骨折内固定,不会引起严重炎性反应,不影响骨折愈合速度。

关键词: 内固定, 不锈钢, 钛合金, 螺钉, 接骨板, 内植物, 混合使用, 骨愈合, 骨折愈合

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: As the two most commonly used implant materials in orthopedic surgery, stainless steel and titanium alloy, are inevitably to contact with each other in clinical application. But the effect of the combined application of internal fixation on peripheral tissue disturbance and fracture healing is rarely reported.
OBJECTIVE: To observe and evaluate the effects of simple and mixed use of different materials of implants (stainless steel and titanium alloy) on inflammatory response and bone healing in the surrounding tissues of fractures.
METHODS: Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits (provided by the Animal Lab of the First Affiliated Hospital of aotou Medical College of Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology) were selected to establish the model of tibial fracture. The rabbit models were randomly divided into four groups, and underwent internal fixation with stainless steel plate and screw (group A), stainless steel plate and titanium screw (group B), titanium plate and screw (group C), or titanium plate and stainless screw (group D). The tibia specimens were removed at 6 and 12 weeks after surgery for X-ray and histological examinations.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Hematoxylin-eosin staining: at 6 weeks after surgery, all the specimens around the plants in each group had medium amount of inflammatory cell infiltration, with abundant lymphocytes, few neutrophils, and visible capillaries and fibrous cells. At 12 weeks after surgery, the number of lymphocytes in each group was decreased, with occasional macrophages and neutrophils. The thickness of the fibrous membrane on the surface of the bone plate was decreased significantly compared with that at 6 weeks after surgery. There was no significant difference between groups at different time points after surgery. (2) X-ray results: at 6 weeks after surgery, the fracture reduction was good in each group, the position of internal fixators was good, and the fracture line was blurred. No obvious callus formation was observed on the fracture line and around the implant, and no significant difference was found among groups. At 12 weeks after surgery, the fracture lines in each group disappeared. The internal fixators were in good position, and the callus could not be revealed well due to internal fixator covering. After removal of internal fixators, callus formation was observed along the edge of fixed part, and obvious callus formation was observed at the fracture end of the original fracture. There was no significant difference among groups. (3) These results indicate that in animal experiments, the internal fixation of fracture with different materials (stainless steel and titanium) implants cannot cause severe inflammatory reaction and makes no effect on the speed of fracture healing.

Key words: internal fixation, stainless steel, titanium alloy, screw, plate, implants, mixed use, bone healing, fracture healing

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