中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (13): 2035-2041.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1648

• 干细胞移植 stem cell transplantation • 上一篇    下一篇

人脐血间充质干细胞移植对新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤的神经保护

周 玉,莫国梁,赵 婧,方 平   

  1. 川北医学院附属医院儿科,四川省南充市 637000
  • 修回日期:2018-11-12 出版日期:2019-05-08 发布日期:2019-05-08
  • 作者简介:周玉,女,1983年生,四川省仪陇县人,汉族,讲师,2009年重庆医科大学毕业,硕士研究生,主要从事儿童免疫方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(81300528),项目负责人:赵婧;四川省科技计划项目(2017JY0115),项目负责人:赵婧

Neuroprotective effect and mechanism of human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells on hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats

Zhou Yu, Mo Guoliang, Zhao Jing, Fang Ping   

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Revised:2018-11-12 Online:2019-05-08 Published:2019-05-08
  • About author:Zhou Yu, Master candidate, Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81300528 (to ZJ); the Scientific Research Plan Program of Sichuan Province, No. 2017JY0115 (to ZJ)

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
缺血缺氧性脑病:
是各种原因引起的脑组织缺血缺氧导致的脑部病变,最常见的是新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病,但也可发生在其他年龄段。新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病是围生期新生儿因缺氧引起的脑部病变,常见的原因有各种原因导致的胎儿宫内窘迫,如脐带绕颈、羊水异常等,也常见于分娩过程及出生后的窒息缺氧,少数可见于其他原因引起的脑损害。
脐血间充质干细胞:来源于脐血祖细胞,是脐血中的非造血组织多能干细胞,不仅可分化为中胚层来源的多种细胞如脂肪细胞、成骨细胞及肌细胞等,还可分化为内胚层来源的肝细胞和外胚层来源的神经细胞。

 

摘要
背景:
目前研究虽已证实脐血间充质干细胞移植可促进神经功能的恢复,但其具体作用机制尚不明确。
目的:观察人脐血间充质干细胞移植对新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤的治疗作用,分析其可能的作用机制。
方法:取10 d龄新生SD大鼠(由川北医学院实验动物中心提供),置于6 000 m海拔高原低压环境模拟仓生活和运动(运动方式为在舱内游泳槽内进行为期15 d的运动,60 min/d),建立高原缺血缺氧性脑损伤模型。造模成功24 h后,将60只大鼠随机分为移植组、模型组,移植组脑组织海马内注射DAPI标记的脐血间充质干细胞悬液,模型组以同样方法注射等量PBS;另取30只大鼠作为空白对照组,不建模不移植。细胞移植48 h后,TUNEL法检测神经细胞凋亡,Western blot法检测脑组织Caspase-3、p-Akt蛋白表达;细胞移植后21 d,Morris水迷宫实验测试大鼠学习记忆能力;细胞移植28 d后,ELISA法检测大鼠脑组织炎性因子表达,组织学观察脑组织病理变化。
结果与结论:①TUNEL染色显示空白对照组仅见极少量凋亡细胞,模型组可见大量细胞凋亡,移植组细胞凋亡介于空白对照组与模型组之间,3组间细胞凋亡数量比较差异有显著性意义;②移植组脑组织Caspase-3蛋白表达明显低于模型组(P < 0.05),p-Akt蛋白表达明显高于模型组(P < 0.05);③Morris水迷宫实验测试结果显示,移植组大鼠逃避潜伏期与游泳距离均明显短于模型组(P < 0.05);④与模型组比较,移植组肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素1β、白细胞介素10质量浓度明显降低(P < 0.05),白细胞介素8质量浓度明显升高(P < 0.05);⑤模型组大鼠海马区神经元水肿,核染色质结构不清,有空泡形成,室管膜细胞重度水肿;移植组大鼠海马区神经元水肿程度轻于模型组,核染色质结构不清,未见空泡形成;⑥结果提示,人脐血间充质干细胞可通过调控炎性因子的表达、抑制神经细胞凋亡来改善新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤的学习记忆能力,发挥脑保护作用的,其中PI3K/Akt信号通路在抑制细胞凋亡中可能发挥了一定的作用。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-5078-6369(周玉)

关键词: 脐血间充质干细胞, 细胞移植, 神经保护, 缺氧缺血性脑损伤, Caspase-3蛋白, p-Akt蛋白, 细胞凋亡, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Although it has been confirmed that human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells transplantation can promote the recovery of neural function, its mechanism is unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect of human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells transplantation on hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats and to analyze its possible mechanism.
METHODS: Sixty 10-day-old neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats (provided by the Experimental Animal Center of North Sichuan Medical College in China) were placed in a simulated hypobaric environment at 6 000-meter altitude to live and exercise. The animal model of ischemic-hypoxic brain injury at high altitude was established by exercising 60 min/d for 15 days in the swimming tank of the cabin. At 24 hours after modeling, 60 rats were randomly divided into transplantation group and model group. In the transplantation group, DAPI labeled human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells were injected into the rat hippocampus, while in the model group, the same volume of PBS was injected into the rat hippocampus. Another 30 rats were taken as blank control group, with no modeling and treatment. At 48 hours after cell transplantation, apoptosis of neurons was detected by TUNEL method, and western blot assay was used to detect the expression of Caspase-3 and p-Akt protein in brain tissue. At 21 days after cell transplantation, the learning and memory abilities of rats were measured by Morris water maze test. At 28 days after cell transplantation, the expression of inflammatory factors in rat brain tissue was detected by ELISA and pathological changes of the rat brain tissue were observed histologically.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The results of TUNEL staining showed that only a small number of apoptotic cells were observed in the blank control group, and a large number of apoptotic cells were observed in the model group. The number of apoptotic cells in the transplantation group was higher than that in the blank control group but lower than that in the model group. There was a significant difference in the number of apoptotic cells among the three groups. (2) The expression of Caspase-3 protein in the rat brain tissue was significantly lower in the transplantation group than the model group (P < 0.05), while the expression of p-Akt protein in the transplantation group was significantly higher than that in the model group (P < 0.05). (3) In the Morris water maze test, the escape latency and swimming distance in the transplantation group were significantly shorter than those in the model group (P < 0.05). (4) Compared with the model group, the levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1β and interleukin 10 were significantly reduced in the transplantation group (P < 0.05), while the level of interleukin 8 was significantly increased in the transplantation group (P < 0.05). (5) In the model group, the rats appeared to have neuronal edema in the hippocampus, with unclear chromatin structure and vacuoles, and severe ependymal cell edema. In the transplantation group, there was milder neuronal edema in the rat hippocampus compared with the model group, and the chromatin structure was still unclear but with no formation of vacuoles. To conclude, human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells can improve the learning and memory abilities of neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain injury by regulating the expression of inflammatory factors and inhibiting neuronal apoptosis. PI3K/Akt signaling pathway may play a role in inhibiting apoptosis.

Key words: Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation, Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain, Caspase 3, Tissue Engineering

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