中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (32): 5221-5226.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1494

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

有限元分析在脊柱侧凸生物力学研究中的应用及进展

孙枫原1,李宗远1,何  希1,杨宗德2
  

  1. 1解放军海军军医大学基础医学院,上海市  200433;2解放军海军军医大学长海医院脊柱外科,上海市  200433
  • 出版日期:2019-11-18 发布日期:2019-11-18
  • 作者简介:孙枫原,男,1997年生,湖南省张家界市人,苗族,海军军医大学本科在读,主要从事脊柱侧凸病因学方面的研究。 并列第一作者:李宗远,男,1997年生,河南省鹤壁市人,汉族,中国人民解放军海军军医大学本科在读,主要从事脊柱侧凸的病因学研究。

Application and progress of finite element analysis in scoliosis biomechanical research

Sun Fengyuan1, Li Zongyuan1, He Xi1, Yang Zongde2   

  1. 1College of Basic Medical Sciences, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; 2Department of Spinal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
  • Online:2019-11-18 Published:2019-11-18
  • About author:Sun Fengyuan, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China Li Zongyuan, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China Sun Fengyuan and Li Zongyuan contributed equally to this paper.

摘要:

文章快速阅读:


文题释义:
脊柱侧凸:是最常见的脊柱畸形之一,根据病因的不同又可分为特发性脊柱侧凸、先天性脊柱侧凸、神经肌肉性脊柱侧凸、退变性脊柱侧凸等。其中特发性脊柱侧凸占80%左右,它常合并脊柱矢状面的异常及椎体轴面的旋转畸形。根据发病年龄不同分为婴儿型、儿童型和青少年型3类,其中以青少年型最为常见,占发病总数的85%以上。以Cobb角>10°为标准,青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者发病率为1.5%-3%,国内现有1.3亿13-18岁青年人中大约有390万青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者,其中大约有26万青少年需要干预治疗。
脊柱脊髓异步生长假说:目前青少年特发性脊柱侧凸的发病机制仍不清楚,很多学者将生长发育作为研究青少年特发性脊柱侧凸发病机制的切入点,其中脊柱脊髓异步生长假说是其主要假说之一,它的内容为青少年时期脊柱和脊髓生长不同步,脊柱生长速度快于脊髓,导致脊髓对脊柱产生了牵拉作用。脊柱脊髓异步生长假说即认为此作用力导致了青少年特发性脊柱侧凸的发生,目前脊柱脊髓异步生长作用引起青少年特发性脊柱侧凸发病的具体机制仍未阐明。
 
摘要
背景:随着计算机技术的进步,有限元分析法在脊柱侧凸生物力学研究中的应用逐渐增多。
目的:回顾三维有限元分析法在脊柱侧凸生物力学研究中的应用与进展,总结其发展历程与特点,展望其发展前景与方向,以期为脊柱侧凸生物力学研究发挥指导作用。
方法:由第一作者应用计算机检索 PubMed 数据库、Web of science数据库、万方数据库中1998至2019年出版的文献,英文检索词为“FEA,finite element analysis,3D FEA,scoliosis,adolescent idiopathic scoliosis,AIS”;中文检索词为“有限元分析,三维有限元分析,脊柱侧凸,特发性脊柱侧凸,青少年特发性脊柱侧凸”。排除研究质量较差的文献及重复性研究,最终纳入48篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:①文献复习发现三维有限元分析在脊柱侧凸生物力学的研究中已有大量实践,取得了重要的进展;②在模拟外固定设备、优化手术方案、预估预后效果等方面应用较多,在病因学方面的研究较少;③三维有限元分析法的发展方向在于进一步提高模型的精细结构模拟,优化对非线性元件的生物力学特性的模拟,完善脊柱生长和代偿影响的模拟,以建立更能反映真实情况的三维有限元模型,提高有限元分析的可靠性。

ORCID: 0000-0002-2040-0613(孙枫原)

关键词: 脊柱侧凸, 有限元分析, 生物力学, 数字化骨科, 精细结构, 模拟, 病因学

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Finite element analysis has been used commonly in the biomechanics research of scoliosis due to the process of computing technology.
OBJECTIVE: To review the application and progress of three-dimensional finite element analysis applied in the study of biomechanics of scoliosis, and to summarize its development process and characteristics, and look forward to its development prospects and directions in order to play a guiding role in the biomechanical study of scoliosis.
METHODS: The first author retrieved the PubMed, Web of Science, and Wanfang Database with the computer for studies published from 1998 to 2019. The key words were FEA, finite element analysis, 3D FEA, scoliosis, adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, AIS. Studies with poor quality and repetitive studies were excluded, and 48 articles were finally included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Literature review found that three-dimensional finite element analysis has a lot of practice in the study of scoliosis biomechanics, and important progress has been made. (2) It has been widely used in simulating external fixator, optimizing surgical procedure and predicting prognosis, but less in etiology. (3) The development direction of three-dimensional finite element analysis is to further improve the fine structure simulation of the model, optimize the simulation of the biomechanical characteristics of non-linear elements, improve the simulation of spinal growth and compensatory effects, so as to establish a more realistic three-dimensional finite element model and improve the reliability of finite element analysis.

Key words: scoliosis, finite element analysis, biomechanics, digital orthopedics, fine structure, simulation, etiology

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