中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (31): 5069-5076.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0394

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

石膏与钢板固定治疗成人桡骨远端骨折效果比较的Meta分析

高维旭1,陈 晓2,王 强1   

  1. 重庆医科大学附属永川医院,1肛肠科,2骨科,重庆市 402160
  • 出版日期:2018-11-08 发布日期:2018-11-08
  • 通讯作者: 王强,主任医师,重庆医科大学附属永川医院肛肠科,重庆市 402160
  • 作者简介:高维旭,男,1991年生,安徽省人,汉族,重庆医科大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事以循证医学指导临床实践的研究。

Treatment outcomes of casting versus plate for distal radius fracture in adults: a meta-analysis

Gao Wei-xu1, Chen Xiao2, Wang Qiang1   

  1. 1Department of Proctology, 2Department of Orthopedics, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China
  • Online:2018-11-08 Published:2018-11-08
  • Contact: Wang Qiang, Chief physician, Department of Proctology, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China
  • About author:Gao Wei-xu, Master candidate, Physician, Department of Proctology, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:



文题释义:
桡骨远端骨折:指多发于距桡骨远端关节面2.0-3.0 cm的骨折,解剖上相对薄弱,临床上常见,多发于高能运动的年轻人和骨质疏松的老年人,典型损伤由于跌倒时背伸的手撑地。合并掌侧移位,桡侧面塌陷超过2 mm或累及远端桡尺关节的关节面,严重尺骨茎突骨折伴茎突基底部骨块移位,背侧成角大于20°,移位大于桡骨骨干宽度2/3,干骺端粉碎性骨折伴桡骨缩短超过5 mm,尺骨缩短相比健侧超过5 mm,舟骨骨折或舟月韧带损伤,脱位及严重骨质疏松其中之一的患者及时专科就诊。
腕管综合征:临床上最常见的病灶压迫性单神经病变,指正中神经通过腕骨及屈肌支持带组成的骨纤维管道处受压产生的一组症状及体征。通常表现为正中神经支配区(包括第1,2,3指及第4指桡侧)的疼痛及感觉异常(麻木及针刺感),严重时可出现无力,运动笨拙,拇指外展,对掌无力及鱼际隆起的萎缩。
 
摘要
背景:对于成人远端骨折的患者,石膏外固定还是切开复位钢板固定治疗存在争议。
目的:以Meta分析的方法比较手法复位石膏托外固定与切开复位钢板内固定治疗成人桡骨远端骨折的临床疗效。
方法:计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、The Cochrane Library(2017年第11期)、OVID、Web of Science数据库、知网及万方数据库。搜集所有关于手法复位石膏托外固定与切开复位钢板内固定比较治疗成人桡骨远端骨折的随机对照试验,检索时限均为建库至2018年3月。2名研究者对检索文献按照制定的纳入排除标准进行独立筛选,提取资料及数据并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。
结果与结论:①最终纳入15个随机对照试验,共1 545例患者;②Meta分析结果显示,2组患者上肢残疾评分[MD=1.83,95%CI(-0.06,3.72),P=0.06]、腕关节患者自行评估量表评分[MD=4.01,95%CI(-4.96,12.99),P=0.38]、腕关节活动度(背伸、尺偏)[MD=-7.47,95%CI(-15.40,0.47),P=0.07;MD=-5.45,95%CI(-13.82,2.93),P=0.20]方面差异均无显著性意义,而钢板组末次随访时具有更高的Gartland and Werley 优良率[OR=0.52,95%CI(0.30,0.90),P=0.02]和握力[MD=-10.01,95%CI(-17.04,-2.99),P=0.005];③并发症方面钢板组肌腱炎发生率[RR=0.10,95%CI(0.02,0.51),P=0.006]明显增加,石膏组腕管综合征[RR=3.20,95%CI(1.14,8.96), P=0.03]、手指僵硬发生率[RR=9.29,95%CI(1.80,47.79), P=0.008]增加,其余并发症差异无显著性意义;④现有证据表明,对于成人桡骨远端骨折,在远期功能方面,手法复位石膏托外固定与切开复位钢板内固定治疗效果相似,虽然影像学结果欠佳,不一定能完全解剖复位,但并未降低患者腕关节活动范围,亦未增加再次手术率,临床上对于老年患者可优先采用。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0003-4549-6356(高维旭)

关键词: 手法复位石膏托外固定, 切开复位钢板内固定, 桡骨远端骨折, 系统评价, Meta分析, 随机对照试验

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: For fracture of distal radius in adults, choosing casting external or open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with plates remains controversial.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the results of closed reduction and casting versus ORIF with plates in treatment of fracture of distal radius in adults.
METHODS: Databases of PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library (Issue 11, 2017), OVID, Web of Science, CNKI and WanFang were searched. The randomized controlled trials about casting and plate for the fracture of distal radius published before March 2018 were collected. The literature screening was conducted by two researchers independently based on the incision and exclusion criteria, followed by data extraction and bias evaluation. Meta-analysis was performed on RevManager 5.3 software.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Fifteen randomized controlled trials were included involving 1 545 patients. (2) Meta-analysis results showed that there were no significant differences in the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scores (MD=1.83, 95%CI (-0.06, 3.72), P=0.06), Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation Questionnaire scores (MD=4.01, 95%CI (-4.96, 12.99), P=0.38), range of motion of the wrist joint in dorsiflexion and ulnar deviation (MD=-7.47, 95%CI (-15.40, 0.47), P=0.07; MD=-5.45, 95%CI (-13.82, 2.93), P=0.20) between two groups. The plate groups had a higher Gartland and Werley category (OR=0.52, 95%CI (0.30, 0.90), P=0.02) and grip strength (MD=-10.01, 95%CI (-17.04,-2.99), P=0.005). (3) In the plate group, the incidence of tendinitis (RR=0.10, 95%CI (0.02, 0.51), P=0.006), carpal tunnel syndrome (RR=3.20, 95%CI (1.14, 8.96), P=0.03) and finger stiffness (RR=9.29, 95%CI (1.80, 47.79), P=0.008) were significantly increased. (4) To conclude, for adult patients with fracture of distal, the long-term function between casting and plate is similar. Although the radiological parameters of closed reduction and casting are poor, it does not reduce the range of motion of the wrist joint, nor increase the rate of reoperation, which is firstly chosen for older adults.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Radius Fractures, Internal Fixators, External Fixators, Randomized Controlled Trial, Meta-Analysis, Tissue Engineering

中图分类号: