中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (7): 991-996.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0107

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

骨水泥型与非骨水泥型半髋置换治疗老年股骨颈骨折

管明强,朱志霞,周观明   

  1. 佛山市中医院,广东省佛山市  528000
  • 出版日期:2018-03-08 发布日期:2018-03-08
  • 通讯作者: 周观明, 硕士,主任医师,佛山市中医院,广东省佛山市 528000
  • 作者简介:管明强,男,1981年生,山东省郯城县人,汉族,2014年南方医科大学毕业,博士,主治医师,主要从事骨关节方向的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    广东省自然科学基金博士启动项目(2014A030310037)

Cemented versus cementless hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures in the elderly  

Guan Ming-qiang, Zhu Zhi-xia, Zhou Guan-ming   

  1. Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Online:2018-03-08 Published:2018-03-08
  • Contact: Zhou Guan-ming, Master, Chief physician, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Guan Ming-qiang, M.D., Attending physician, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Doctoral Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, No. 2014A030310037

摘要:

文章快速阅读:



 
文题释义:
股骨颈骨折:是指由股骨头下至股骨颈基底部之间的骨折,老年人多合并骨质疏松,股骨颈骨质薄弱,轻微跌伤即有可能导致骨折的发生,所以该骨折在老年人群十分常见。股骨颈骨折后发生不愈合或股骨头缺血性坏死的概率较高,处置不当会导致老年患者长期卧床,诱发心脑血管,呼吸系统等重要器官的并发症,严重影响老年人的身体健康及生命安全。
半髋关节置换:又称人工股骨头置换,与全髋关节置换不同,半髋置换中只进行股骨头置换,髋臼一侧不予处理,所以手术操作简单,创伤小,主要适用于日常生活运动量较少的高龄老年股骨颈骨折患者。目前半髋置换所用假体主要分为骨水泥型和非骨水泥型(即生物型)。
 
摘要
背景:半髋置换被广泛用于老年股骨颈骨折的治疗,但是在骨水泥型还是生物型(即非骨水泥型)固定方式的选择上一直存在争议。
目的:对比分析骨水泥型半髋和生物型半髋治疗老年股骨颈骨折的临床效果,为临床上假体类型的选择提供科学依据。
方法:收集2013 年3 月至2015 年3 月在佛山市中医院行半髋置换的股骨颈骨折老年患者,共167例,根据假体类型,分为生物型组(n=81)和骨水泥型组(n=86)。对比2组患者置换时间、置换中出血量、置换后第1天血红蛋白水平, 置换后1年再手术率以及死亡率,和并发症发生情况。置换后采用Harris 评分系统进行髋关节临床功能评价,采用目测类比评分进行疼痛评估。
结果与结论:①所有患者获得随访,随访时间均≥12个月;②生物型组置换时间明显短于骨水泥组(P < 0.01);③2组的置换中出血量及置换后第1天血红蛋白水平差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);④2组患者在各时间点髋关节Harris评分及目测类比评分方面无明显差异(P > 0.05);⑤置换后1周,1个月及6个月,生物型组大腿疼痛发生率略高于骨水泥组,但差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。生物型组有2例患者因心肌梗死死亡,骨水泥组有1例患者因肺部感染死亡,2组患者置换后1年内死亡率差异无显著性意义(P > 0. 05)。2组患者在随访期间均未发生假体松动下沉、假体周围骨折及假体周围感染等需要行翻修手术的并发症;⑥结果提示,骨水泥型半髋和生物型半髋治疗老年股骨颈骨折均可取得满意效果,而后者可以明显缩短置换时间。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-1485-1215(管明强)

关键词: 人工假体, 半髋置换, 股骨颈骨折, 骨水泥, 非骨水泥, 生物型, 骨质疏松症, 大腿疼痛, 老龄化

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Hemiarthroplasty is widely recommended for the treatment of femoral neck fractures in elderly patients, but it is controversial in choosing cemented or cementless fixation types.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical effects of cemented hemiarthroplasty with cementless hemiarthroplasty for the treatment of femoral neck fractures in elderly and to provide a scientific basis for the selection of clinical prosthesis.
METHODS: 167 elderly patients with femoral neck fractures undergoing hemiarthroplasty in the Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 2013 to March 2015 were enrolled in this study. According to the type of prosthesis, patients were divided into cementless group (n=81) and cemented group (n=86). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hemoglobin levels 1 day after surgery, reoperation rate, mortality and complications at 1 year after surgery were compared. After surgery, clinical function of hip joint was assessed by Harris scoring system. The pain was evaluated by Visual Analogue Scale.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All patients were followed up for ≥ 12 months. (2) The operation time in the cementless group was significantly shorter than that in the cemented group (P < 0.01). (3) There was no significant difference in the intraoperative blood loss and hemoglobin levels at postoperative 1 day (P > 0.05). (4) There were no significant differences in Harris hip scores and Visual Analogue Scale score at various time points between both groups (P > 0.05). (5) The incidence of thigh pain in cementless group was slightly higher than that in cemented group at 1 week, 1 and 6 months after operation, but the differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Two patients died from myocardial infarct in the cementless group, and one patient died from pulmonary infection in the cemented group. The mortality was not significantly different at postoperative 1 year between the two groups (P > 0.05). No complications, such as prosthesis loosening and sinking, periprosthetic fracture, and periprosthetic infection, which needed to be refurbished, occurred in both groups. (6) Our findings suggest that both cemented and cementless hemiarthroplasties can obtain satisfactory effect in the treatment of femoral neck fractures in the elderly patients. Cementless hemiarthroplasty can significantly shorten operation time. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Femoral Neck Fracture, Arthroplasty, Prosthesis, Hip joint

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