中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (3): 362-367.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0031

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

人工关节置换与股骨近端髓内钉治疗高龄不稳定股骨转子间骨折的对照

兰 天,单 战,吴金春   

  1. 武警广东省总队医院外二科,广东省广州市 510507
  • 出版日期:2018-01-28 发布日期:2018-01-28
  • 作者简介:兰天,男,1983年生,河北省平泉县人,汉族,2012年南方医科大学毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事骨与关节创伤及运动损伤方面研究。

Comparison of effects between artificial joint replacement and proximal femoral nail anti-rotation for treatment of unstable intertrochanteric femoral fracture in elderly patients

Lan Tian, Shan Zhan, Wu Jin-chun   

  1. Second Surgical Department, Armed Police Corps Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510507, Guangdong Province, China
  • Online:2018-01-28 Published:2018-01-28
  • About author:Lan Tian, Master, Attending physician, Second Surgical Department, Armed Police Corps Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510507, Guangdong Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 
文题释义:
人工髋关节置换:各种因素导致髋关节疾病损伤的终末期,发生髋部骨折、股骨头坏死或髋关节骨性关节炎,经过保守治疗已经无法治愈,则需要行人工髋关节置换术。手术需要切除病变的股骨头,置入人工髋关节,假体材料一般为金属和聚乙烯,固定有生物型固定和骨水泥固定两种。
股骨近端抗旋髓内钉内固定:股骨近端抗旋髓内钉术(PFNA)为一种治疗股骨转子间骨折的内固定物,其优点是因为中心固定,生物力学强度高,尤其对于不稳定型骨折,不易发生内固定断裂、骨折移位等并发症,并且可以闭合复位,小切口植入,对骨折区域血运破坏少,骨折愈合率高。
 
摘要
背景:股骨近端防旋髓内钉和关节置换两种方法治疗股骨转子间骨折均可保证早期下床,减少长期卧床并发症,但两种方法的手术适应证选择方面仍有较多争议。
目的:探讨股骨近端髓内钉与人工关节置在治疗高龄不稳定转子间骨折疗效的差异。
方法:56例65岁以上Evans-Jensen Ⅲ-Ⅴ型股骨转子间骨折患者,术后随访12个月,失访11例,完成随访45例。其中行人工关节置换27例,股骨近端抗旋髓内钉内固定18例。比较2组手术时间、术中出血量、术后负重时间等围手术期参数;依据Harris评分比较两组患者术后髋关节功能;根据临床和影像学表现比较两组患者术后1年内出现的并发症。
结果与结论:①关节置换组手术时间和术后负重时间均小于股骨近端防旋髓内钉组(t=5.596,t=14.142,P < 0.05);②术后1,3,6个月Harris评分,关节置换组高于股骨近端防旋髓内钉组(t=8.301,t=10.017,t=8.593,P < 0.05)。术后1年两组Harris评分相近,差异无显著性意义(t=1.541,P > 0.05);③总体并发症发生率,关节置换组为22%,股骨近端防旋髓内钉组为23%,两组之间差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.180,P > 0.05);④结果说明,对于高龄不稳定转子间骨折患者,关节置换与股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定均能取得满意效果,关节置换手术时间短,可早期负重,有助于减少长期卧床相关并发症。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0003-4504-865X(兰天)

关键词: 骨科置入物, 转子间骨折, 关节置换术, 股骨近端髓内钉, 人工假体

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Both proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) and joint replacement in treatment of intertrochanteric femoral fracture can guarantee early bed removal and reduce long-term bed complications, but there are still more controversies in the selection of indications for the two methods.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the differences in clinical effects of artificial joint replacement and PFNA in treatment of unstable intertrochanteric femoral fracture in elderly.
METHODS: Totally 56 patients with Evans-Jensen types III-V intertrochanteric femoral fracture aged older than 65 years were enrolled in this study. Follow-up was conducted for 12 months. 11 cases did not complete follow-up visit. Among the remaining 45 cases, 27 patients were treated with artificial joint replacement, and 18 patients were treated with PFNA. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative weight-bearing time were compared between the two groups. Postoperative hip function was compared using Harris score between both groups. Postoperative complications were evaluated by clinical and radiological manifestations in both groups within 1 year after surgery.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Operation time and postoperative weight-bearing time were shorter in artificial joint replacement group than in the PFNA group (t=5.596, t=14.142, P < 0.05). (2) At postoperative 1, 3 and 6 months, Harris score was significantly higher in the artificial joint replacement group than in the PFNA group (t=8.301, t=10.017, t=8.593, P < 0.05). Harris score was similar between the two groups at postoperative 1 year (t=1.541, P > 0.05). (3) The total incidence of complications was 22% in artificial joint replacement group and 23% in PFNA group; there were no statistical differences between the two groups (χ2=0.180, P > 0.05). (4) For elderly patients with unstable intertrochanteric femoral fracture, artificial joint replacement and PFNA can obtain satisfactory effect. The operation time of artificial joint replacement is short, and early weight-bearing contributes to reducing long-term bed complications. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Hip Fractures, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Tissue Engineering

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