中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2010, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (47): 8764-8768.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.47.006

• 组织工程骨及软骨材料 tissue-engineered bone and cartilage materials • 上一篇    下一篇

异种生物型骨钉植入骨折模型的组织学变化

章  莹，刘德华，夏远军，吴  文，谢会斌，谭新宇，刘汉辉   

  1. 解放军广州军区广州总医院骨科医院创伤骨科，广东省广州市  510010
  • 出版日期:2010-11-19 发布日期:2010-11-19
  • 作者简介:章莹☆，男，1964年生，江西省金溪县人，汉族，1986年解放军第一军医大学毕业，博士，主任医师，主要从事创伤骨科与关节外科的研究。 zhangying_doc@yahoo.com.cn
  • 基金资助:

    课题为广东省科技计划项目资助课题(2008B060600040)，生物型骨钉的应用研究。

Histological variation of heterogeneous biological bone screw applied in fracture model

Zhang Ying, Liu De-hua, Xia Yuan-jun, Wu Wen, Xie Hui-bin, Tan Xin-yu, Liu Han-hui   

  1. Department of Trauma-orthopedics, Orthopedics Hospital, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Guangzhou   510010, Guangdong Province, China
  • Online:2010-11-19 Published:2010-11-19
  • About author:Zhang Ying☆, Doctor, Chief physician, Department of Trauma-orthopedics, Orthopedics Hospital, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong Province, China zhangying_doc@yahoo.com.cn
  • Supported by:

    the Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province, No. 2008B060600040*

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摘要：

背景：近年来，采用可吸收螺钉固定关节骨折的病例数越来越多，但还存在力学性能不稳定，过早吸收后导致固定失败等缺点。因此，研制性能稳定而又价格低廉的异种骨螺钉替代可吸收螺钉很有必要。
目的：观察异种生物型骨钉植入兔骨折模型后的组织学反应。
方法：成年新西兰兔制备股骨内髁骨折模型后随机抽签法分为实验组和对照组，实验组用异种生物型骨钉固定，对照组用可吸收螺钉固定。术后2，4，6，8，12，24周取骨钉及周围组织行组织学检测。
结果与结论：术后两组动物均在一两天后逐渐恢复活动，约10 d后活动基本正常，伤口局部均无红肿、破溃，渗出及坏死等，均在2周完全愈合。病理切片显示：术后2，4周时生物型骨钉与宿主骨界面间有炎性细胞浸润；6~12周，炎性细胞数逐渐减少，纤维化较前明显，纤维边缘出现少许破骨细胞；24周，纤维层厚度减低，破骨细胞数明显增加，与宿主骨间发生骨桥连接。可吸收钉在术后2，4周可见可吸收钉道表面有炎性细胞浸润；6~8周，钉道松质骨炎性细胞浸润数逐渐减少，纤维化明显，未见破骨细胞浸润；12~24周，钉道表面纤维结缔组织层的厚度较前增厚，宿主松质骨内少许破骨细胞浸润。提示生物型骨钉具有一定的诱导成骨作用，无明显的免疫排斥反应。

关键词: 生物型骨钉, 异种, 移植, 骨折模型, 可吸收螺钉, 病理

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the fixation of articular fracture using absorbable screws is achieved in more and more cases, but mechanical properties are instable and early absorption results in fixation failure. Therefore, it is necessary to develop xenogeneic bone screws of stable performance and affordable cost to be an alternative of absorbable screw.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the histology variation of heterogeneous biological bone screws applying in rabbit fracture model.
METHODS: Healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were adopted to prepare left femur condylar fracture in animal models and then were divided into experiment group and control group, which were respectively fixed using heterogeneous biological bone screws and absorbable polylactic screws. At 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 weeks postoperation, the screws and tissue around bone screw were observed on histology.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Animals in both groups gradually restored the activities 1-2 days later, and the activities were normal at 10 days, local wound had no swelling, ulceration, exudation or necrosis, all wounds completely healed in 2 weeks. Pathological sections revealed that at 2-4 weeks, inflammatory cell infiltrated between biological bone screw and host bone; at 6-12 weeks, the number of inflammatory cells gradually reduced, fibrosis was significantly obvious than before, fibrous edges appeared some osteoclasts; at 24 weeks, fiber layer thickness reduced, the number of osteoclasts significantly increased, and bone bridge was visible with host bone. Inflammatory cells infiltrated on the surface of the absorbable screw channel at 2-4 weeks after surgery; at 6-8 weeks, cancellous bone inflammatory cell infiltration decreased, fibrosis was significant, and no infiltration of osteoclasts was observed; at 12-24 weeks, the thickness of fibrous connective tissue layer on surface of the screw channel became thicker, some osteoclasts infiltrated in the host cancellous bone. Biological bone screws could induce ossification to a certain extent, and no obvious immunological rejection is observed in this experiment.

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