中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2010, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (10): 1855-1860.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.10.031

• 干细胞综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

中脑神经干细胞转基因治疗帕金森病：可能与可行？

丁继固   

  1. 咸宁学院医学院人体解剖学教研室，湖北省咸宁市 437100
  • 出版日期:2010-03-05 发布日期:2010-03-05
  • 作者简介:丁继固，男，1954年生，湖北省咸宁市人，汉族，1977年咸宁学院毕业，教授，硕士生导师，主要从事神经解剖学和应用解剖学方面的研究。dingjigu@hotmail. com
  • 基金资助:

    湖北省教育厅重点课题(D20092802) 。

Mesencephalic neural stem cell transgene for treating Parkinson’s disease: Possibility and feasibility?

Ding Ji-gu   

  1. Human Anatomy Teaching, School of Medicine, Xianning College, Xianning   437100, Hubei Province, China
  • Online:2010-03-05 Published:2010-03-05
  • About author:Ding Ji-gu, Professor, Master’s supervisor, Human Anatomy Teaching, School of Medicine, Xianning College, Xianning 437100, Hubei Province, China dingjigu@hotmail.com
  • Supported by:

    the Key Program of Department of Education of Hubei Province, No. D20092802*

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摘要：

背景：中脑源性神经干细胞因具有向多巴胺能神经元分化的潜能，在低氧并转基因条件下体外培养易获得足够量的形态及功能成熟的多巴胺能神经元，已成为近几年来兴起并得到快速发展的干细胞移植治疗帕金森病的理想种子细胞。
目的：就中脑神经干细胞转基因治疗帕金森病的研究进展进行综述。
方法：应用计算机检索PubMed数据库(1992-01/2006-12)，检索词为“Neural Stem Cell(NSC)，Mesencephalic neural Stem Cell(M-NSC)，neural Stem cell transplant，Parkinson’s Disease(PD)”。同时应用计算机检索中国期刊网全文数据库(2003-01/2008-12)，检索词为“神经干细胞、中脑神经干细胞、干细胞移植、帕金森病”。
结果与结论：选择有关神经干细胞、中脑神经干细胞的基础研究及中脑神经干细胞移植治疗帕金森病的相关文献，计算机初检得到83篇文献，阅读标题和摘要进行初筛，排除因研究目的与此文无关的14篇，内容重复性的研究16篇，Meta分析53篇，共保留47篇文献进行综述。帕金森病的主要病理变化是中脑黑质多巴胺能神经元变性坏死，用转基因的中脑源性神经干细胞治疗帕金森病是目前公认的最有前景的治疗方案。在低氧条件下并转基因培养的中脑源性神经干细胞，能高效地诱导分化为多巴胺能神经元，为体外获得足够量的多巴胺能神经元用于移植治疗帕金森病提供了实验依据。中脑神经干细胞的基础研究已取得了一定的成果，但中脑神经干细胞移植治疗帕金森病的临床实验还停留在实验室阶段，中脑神经干细胞生物学特性、分离培养、扩增和定向分化诱导等还有待进一步分析。同时中脑神经干细胞应用于人体治疗的生物安全性问题也逐渐引起人们的重视，如在体外多次传代的神经干细胞是否会发生转化，是否会带来一定的副作用，甚至致瘤性等均在进一步探索中。

关键词: 神经干细胞, 中脑, 神经干细胞, 移植, 帕金森病, 多巴胺能神经元, 综述文献

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Mesencephalon-derived neural stem cells (NSCs) differentiate into dopaminergic neurons in hypoxia and transgenic condition with body culture morphology and function of adequate maturity of dopamine neurons. Mesencephalon-derived NSCs become ideal seed cells for the treatment of Parkinson's disease with the rapid development of stem cell transplantation in the past few years.
OBJECTIVE: To review research progress of mesencephalon-derived NSCs transgene for treating Parkinson's disease.
METHODS: PubMed database was retrieved in computer (1992-01/2006-12), with the key words of “Neural Stem Cell(NSC), Mesencephalic Neural Stem Cell (M-NSC), Neural Stem Cell Transplant, Parkinson’s Disease (PD)”. Simultaneously, China Journal Full-Text Database (2003-01/2008-12) was retrieved with the same key words.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The NSCs and in the basic research of M-NSCs and M-NSCs transplantation in the treatment of PD-related documents were selected. A total of 83 documents were collected. Following reading titles and abstracts, 14 studies with irrelative objectives and contents, 16 studies with repetitive contents and 53 articles of Meta analysis were excluded. Totally 47 literatures were included. The main pathologic changes of Parkinson's disease are a dopaminergic neuron degeneration of necrosis in the brain substantia nigra. Using genetically modified neural stem cells in treatment of Parkinson's disease is the most recognized as the most promising treatment. In the hypoxia conditions, transgenic culture of brain-derived neural stem cells can be effectively induced to differentiate into dopaminergic neurons, provide experimental basis for in vitro sufficient amount of dopamine neuron transplantation in the treatment of PD. Basic research of neural stem cells have achieved certain results, but clinical and experimental study of neural stem cell transplantation in the treatment of PD is still stuck in the laboratory stage. Mesencephalic neural stem cell biological characteristics, isolation, proliferation and differentiation are subject to further study. In addition, biological safety problems using mesencephalic neural stem cells in the human body gradually attracted the attention of the people. In vitro neural stem cells of many passages would occur, and will bring certain side effects, and tumorigenicity remains in further exploration.

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