中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (13): 3446-3457.doi: 10.12307/2026.204

• 干细胞相关大数据分析 Stem cell-related big data analysis • 上一篇    下一篇

单细胞转录组测序在脑卒中领域的热点及应用现状

曹俐芳1，陈  涛1，寿笳吟1，范芳芳1，2   

  1. 1贵州医科大学，贵州省贵安新区   561113； 2贵州医科大学附属医院，贵州省贵阳市   550025
  • 接受日期:2025-09-11 出版日期:2026-05-08 发布日期:2025-12-26
  • 通讯作者: 范芳芳，博士，副教授，青年硕士生指导教师，贵州医科大学，贵州省贵安新区 561113； 贵州医科大学附属医院，贵州省贵阳市 550025
  • 作者简介:曹俐芳，女，2004年生，汉族，贵州医科大学在读本科生，主要从事中药民族药防治脑卒中的药效物质基础及作用机制研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82460781)，项目负责人：范芳芳；中国博士后科学基金(2022MD723771)，项目负责人：范芳芳

Hot spot and current status of single-cell RNA sequencing in stroke field

Cao Lifang1, Chen Tao1, Shou Jiayin1, Fan Fangfang1, 2   

  1. 1Guizhou Medical University, Gui'an New Area 561113, Guizhou Province, China;2Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
  • Accepted:2025-09-11 Online:2026-05-08 Published:2025-12-26
  • Contact: Fan Fangfang, PhD, Associate professor, Master's supervisor, Guizhou Medical University, Gui'an New Area 561113, Guizhou Province, China; Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Cao Lifang, Guizhou Medical University. Gui'an New Area 561113, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82460781 (to FFF); China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, No. 2022MD723771 (to FFF)

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摘要：

文题释义：

单细胞转录组测序技术：是指获取单个细胞遗传信息的测序技术，可识别不同的细胞亚群及探究细胞异质性，有助于疾病病机及防治手段的发现。
脑卒中：是一种由于血管堵塞或因脑部血管突然破裂引起的急性脑血管疾病，分为缺血性脑卒中和出血性脑卒中。

摘要
背景：单细胞转录组测序技术突破了传统测序对细胞异质性的研究限制，可揭示脑卒中后各神经细胞功能的动态变化。目前尚缺乏单细胞转录组测序技术在脑卒中研究领域的应用概述。
目的：系统分析近年来单细胞转录组测序技术在脑卒中研究领域的应用现状与热点趋势，为脑卒中防治策略研究提供理论基础。
方法：检索Web of Science核心数据库相关文献，检索词为“TS=(stroke) AND TS=(Single-cell sequencing)”，时间跨度为2013年1月至2024年12月，筛选后纳入有效文献160篇。利用Excel和Citespace 6.4.R2软件从国家、机构、作者、关键词及共被引文献等多个层面进行统计和可视化分析。
结果与结论：近10年来，单细胞转录组测序技术应用于脑卒中研究的文献逐年增长，2024年发文量达64篇峰值；中国(98篇)和美国(50篇)为研究主力，但中国国际合作中介中心性低于美国，提示需加强跨国协作以提升影响力；首都医科大学、上海交通大学及斯坦福大学等主要研究机构，形成了以张建民、卢嘉楠、李华明等为核心的作者团队，主要聚焦小胶质细胞异质性、神经血管单元功能等方向。关键词分析发现，小胶质细胞激活相关神经炎症、神经元凋亡、血管生成等成为脑卒中机制的研究热点，分子对接与单细胞转录组测序技术整合分析成为靶向治疗脑卒中药物研究新模式。共被引文献揭示了单细胞转录组测序技术解析促炎和修复型小胶质细胞亚群的转录特征及其通过肿瘤坏死因子α/白细胞介素6通路调控炎症与凋亡的机制。结果表明：单细胞转录组测序技术通过解析细胞异质性揭示了脑卒中病理进程中的新机制，整合分子对接有助于促进靶向治疗药物高效筛选，未来可整合空间组学与人工智能突破单细胞转录组测序技术现有局限，为研究靶向治疗脑卒中新策略提供有利的科研工具。

关键词: 单细胞转录组测序, 脑卒中, 分子对接, 小胶质细胞, 炎症, 神经元凋亡, 可视化分析

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Single-cell RNA sequencing technology has overcome the limitations of traditional sequencing methods in studying cellular heterogeneity and elucidates the dynamic functional changes of neural cells following stroke. Currently, there remains a paucity of comprehensive reviews summarizing the application of single-cell RNA sequencing in stroke research.
OBJECTIVE: To systematically analyze the recent applications and emerging trends of single-cell RNA sequencing in stroke research to provide a theoretical foundation for advancing prevention and treatment strategies. 
METHODS: Relevant literature was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection using the search query "TS=(stroke) AND TS=(Single-cell sequencing)" with a time span from January 2013 to December 2024. After screening, 160 valid articles were included. Statistical analysis and visualization were conducted using Excel and Citespace 6.4.R2 software, focusing on multiple dimensions including countries, institutions, authors, keywords, and co-cited references.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Over the past decade, single-cell RNA sequencing applications in stroke research have shown consistent growth, culminating in a peak of 64 publications in 2024. China (98 articles) and the United States (50 articles) emerged as leading research forces, though China exhibits lower betweenness centrality in international research collaboration compared to the United States, suggesting enhanced transnational cooperation is required to improve global influence. Key institutions including Capital Medical University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Stanford University have formed research teams led by principal investigators Zhang Jianmin, Lu Jianan, and Li Huaming, focusing on microglial heterogeneity and neurovascular unit dysfunction. Keyword analysis revealed that microglial activation-associated neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis, and angiogenesis constitute major research hotspots in stroke mechanisms, while molecular docking combined with single-cell RNA sequencing integrated analysis has emerged as a novel paradigm for targeted stroke drug discovery. Co-citation analysis identified transcriptional characteristics of pro-inflammatory and repair-oriented microglial subpopulations through single-cell RNA sequencing, along with their regulatory mechanisms on inflammation and apoptosis via the tumor necrosis factor-α/interleukin-6 signaling pathway. These findings indicate that single-cell RNA sequencing technology has elucidated novel mechanisms in stroke pathogenesis through decoding cellular heterogeneity, while the integration with molecular docking analysis has accelerated high-throughput screening of targeted therapeutic agents. Future integration with spatial omics and artificial intelligence may overcome current limitations of single-cell RNA sequencing, thereby providing robust research tools for developing innovative therapeutic strategies against stroke.

Key words: single-cell RNA sequencing, stroke, molecular docking, microglia, inflammation, neuronal apoptosis, visualization analysis

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