中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (7): 1730-1735.doi: 10.12307/2025.981

• 脐带脐血干细胞 umbilical cord blood stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

脐带间充质干细胞条件培养基对小型猪创伤性颅脑损伤组织修复的影响

崔连旭1，李昊旻1，许峻荣2，谭宝东1，陆大鸿1，彭四维1，王进辉2   

  1. 1佛山市第一人民医院微创及脊髓神经外科，广东省佛山市  528000；2广东唯泰生物科技有限公司，广东省佛山市  528251
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-18 修回日期:2025-01-23 接受日期:2025-02-13 出版日期:2026-03-08 发布日期:2025-08-19
  • 通讯作者: 崔连旭，硕士，主任医师，佛山市第一人民医院微创及脊髓神经外科，广东省佛山市 528000 共同通讯作者：王进辉，广东唯泰生物科技有限公司，广东省佛山市 528251
  • 作者简介:崔连旭，男，1970年生，辽宁省沈阳市人，汉族，硕士，主任医师，主要从事创伤性脑损伤研究。
  • 基金资助:
    佛山市自筹经费类科技创新项目(2220001004405)，项目负责人：崔连旭

Effect of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium on tissue repair after traumatic craniocerebral injury in miniature pigs 

Cui Lianxu1, Li Haomin1, Xu Junrong2, Tan Baodong1, Lu Dahong1, Peng Siwei1, Wang Jinhui2   

  1. 1Department of Minimally Invasive and Spinal Neurosurgery, First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China; 2Guangdong VitaLife Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Foshan 528251, Guangdong Province, China 
  • Received:2024-09-18 Revised:2025-01-23 Accepted:2025-02-13 Online:2026-03-08 Published:2025-08-19
  • Contact: Cui Lianxu, MS, Chief physician, Department of Minimally Invasive and Spinal Neurosurgery, First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China; Wang Jinhui, Guangdong VitaLife Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Foshan 528251, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Cui Lianxu, MS, Chief physician, Department of Minimally Invasive and Spinal Neurosurgery, First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    佛山市自筹经费类科技创新项目(2220001004405)，项目负责人：崔连旭

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摘要：

文题释义：

间充质干细胞条件培养基：是指在体外培养间充质干细胞的过程中，收集去除细胞成分后的培养基上清液，这种培养基富含由间充质干细胞分泌的各种生长因子、细胞因子、趋化因子和细胞外基质成分，对细胞的生长、增殖、分化以及免疫调节等具有重要影响。
颅脑损伤：指由于外力作用导致的脑部和颅骨的损伤，这是一种严重的创伤，主要由交通事故、跌落、暴力攻击或其他形式的外力引起。

摘要
背景：颅脑损伤是一种高发病率、高致残率及高致死率的常见创伤性疾病，目前缺乏有效的治疗方法，脐带间充质干细胞通过旁分泌途径为颅脑损伤治疗提供了新的研究方向。
目的：探讨脐带间充质干细胞条件培养基对外力打击所致小型猪颅脑损伤的治疗作用。
方法：选取12头健康小型猪，随机分为模型组和实验组，每组6只，通过外力打击建立猪颅脑损伤模型，实验组造模后以微量注射泵将脐带间充质干细胞条件培养基注入脑损伤处周围4个点进行治疗。术后第1-14天，评价小型猪空间记忆能力；术后第5天，核磁共振扫描评价小型猪脑组织损伤、水肿情况；术后第14天，剖检小型猪脑组织损伤部位，进行苏木精-伊红染色，胶质纤维酸性蛋白、Iba1免疫组化染色和TUNEL染色，评价小型猪脑组织的损伤和修复情况。

结果与结论：①实验组小型猪空间记忆能力评分与模型组相比无统计学差异(P > 0.05)；②术后第5天，两组小型猪脑部均出现明显的脑组织水肿信号，与模型组比较，实验组小型猪脑组织水肿范围缩小；③术后第14天，模型组小型猪损伤部位脑组织可见水肿、淤血、坏死，苏木精-伊红染色可见脑组织坏死，实验组小型猪损伤部位脑组织水肿较模型组减轻；④两组小型猪损伤部位脑组织均可见胶质纤维酸性蛋白和Iba1阳性表达，实验组胶质纤维酸性蛋白和Iba1阳性表达量均低于模型组；⑤TUNEL染色显示两组小型猪损伤部位脑组织均有细胞凋亡阳性表达，实验组凋亡细胞表达量低于模型组。结果表明，脐带间充质干细胞条件培养基通过减少脑组织水肿、降低脑组织炎症、减轻细胞凋亡，对小型猪颅脑损伤发挥治疗作用。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4935-0656(崔连旭)


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程

关键词: 脐带间充质干细胞, 条件培养基, 分泌组, 颅脑损伤, 神经修复, 神经炎症, 小型猪, 工程化干细胞

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury is a common condition with a high incidence rate, high disability rate, and high mortality rate. Currently, there is a lack of effective treatment methods. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells provide a new research direction for the treatment of traumatic brain injury through paracrine pathways.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the therapeutic effect of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium on traumatic brain injury caused by external force in miniature pigs.
METHODS: Twelve healthy miniature pigs were selected and randomly divided into a model group and an experimental group, with six pigs in each group. A traumatic brain injury model was established through external force. In the experimental group, after modeling, umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium was injected into four points around the brain injury site using a micro-injection pump for treatment. From postoperative day 1 to day 14, the spatial memory ability of the miniature pigs was evaluated. On postoperative day 5, magnetic resonance imaging scans were used to assess brain tissue injury/edema. On postoperative day 14, the brain tissue at the injury site of miniature pigs was examined for hematoxylin-eosin staining, glial fibrillary acid protein and Iba1 immunohistochemical staining, and TUNEL staining to evaluate the injury and repair of the brain tissue of of miniature pigs. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There was no statistically significant difference in spatial memory ability scores between the experimental group and the model group (P > 0.05). (2) On postoperative day 5, both the model group and the experimental group showed significant brain tissue edema signals, but the range of edema in the experimental group was reduced compared with the model group. (3) On postoperative day 14, the brain tissue at the injury site in the model group showed edema, congestion, and necrosis, with necrotic brain tissue visible under hematoxylin-eosin staining. The brain tissue edema at the injury site in the experimental group was less severe than that in the model group. (4) Both model and experimental groups showed positive expression of glial fibrillary acid protein and Iba1 at the injury site, but the positive expression levels of glial fibrillary acid protein and Iba1 in the experimental group were lower than those in the model group. (5) TUNEL staining showed positive expression of apoptotic cells at the injury site, with a lower expression level of apoptotic cells in the experimental group compared with the model group. These findings indicate that umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium exerts a therapeutic effect on traumatic brain injury in miniature pigs by reducing brain tissue edema, lowering brain tissue inflammation, and alleviating cell apoptosis.

Key words:  umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell, conditioned medium, secretome, craniocerebral injury, neural repair, neuroinflammation, miniature pig, engineered stem cell

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