中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (32): 5243-5248.doi: 10.12307/2024.495

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    

胫骨高位截骨促进软骨再生治疗膝骨关节炎

付强昌1,2,3,4,郑力铭1,2,3,4,蒋利锋1,2,3,4   

  1. 1浙江大学医学院附属第二医院骨科,浙江省杭州市  310052;2浙江大学骨科研究所,浙江省杭州市  310052;3浙江省运动系统疾病研究与精准诊治重点实验室,浙江省杭州市  310052;4浙江省运动系统疾病临床研究中心,浙江省杭州市  310052
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-02 接受日期:2023-09-25 出版日期:2024-11-18 发布日期:2023-12-29
  • 通讯作者: 蒋利锋,博士,副主任医师,浙江大学医学院附属第二医院骨科,浙江省杭州市 310052;浙江大学骨科研究所,浙江省杭州市310052;浙江省运动系统疾病研究与精准诊治重点实验室,浙江省杭州市 310052;浙江省运动系统疾病临床研究中心,浙江省杭州市 310052 郑力铭,博士,特聘研究员/医师,浙江大学医学院附属第二医院骨科,浙江省杭州市 310052;浙江大学骨科研究所,浙江省杭州市 310052;浙江省运动系统疾病研究与精准诊治重点实验室,浙江省杭州市 310052;浙江省运动系统疾病临床研究中心,浙江省杭州市310052
  • 作者简介:付强昌,男,1997年生,云南省保山市人,汉族,在读硕士,主要从事骨关节炎临床与基础研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年项目(81801371),项目负责人:蒋利锋;中国博士后面上科学基金(2022M722769),项目负责人:郑力铭

High tibial osteotomy promotes cartilage regeneration in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis

Fu Qiangchang1, 2, 3, 4, Zheng Liming1, 2, 3, 4, Jiang Lifeng1, 2, 3, 4   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang Province, China; 2Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang Province, China; 3Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang Province, China; 4Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang Province, China
  • Received:2023-08-02 Accepted:2023-09-25 Online:2024-11-18 Published:2023-12-29
  • Contact: Jiang Lifeng, MD, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang Province, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang Province, China; Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang Province, China Zheng Liming, MD, Researher, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang Province, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang Province, China; Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang Province, China
  • About author:Fu Qiangchang, Master candidate, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang Province, China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang Province, China; Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310052, Zhejiang Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China (Youth Project), No. 81801371 (to JLF); China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (General Project), No. 2022M722769 (to ZLM) 

摘要:


文题释义:

胫骨高位截骨术:是治疗内翻型膝骨关节炎的经典保膝手术,通过胫骨高位截骨矫正异常的下肢力线,在膝关节间室中重新分配应力负荷,从而减轻患者疼痛并改善膝关节活动功能,延缓甚至避免全膝关节置换。
膝骨关节炎:是一种可累及包括关节软骨、软骨下骨、滑膜、关节囊、半月板、韧带和关节周围肌肉在内的全关节疾病,其主要病理特征是关节软骨退行性变和继发性骨质增生。膝骨关节炎作为最常见的骨关节炎,主要症状是慢性疼痛和关节活动受限,会升高患者死亡和残疾的风险。


背景:对于全膝关节置换无法取得满意疗效的早期膝骨关节炎,胫骨高位截骨能促进受损软骨再生,缓解患者症状,是治疗膝骨关节炎的经典保膝治疗方案。

目的:对胫骨高位截骨刺激膝骨关节炎软骨再生的有效性、作用机制及应用前景展开回顾与讨论,为利用胫骨高位截骨术联合软骨再生策略治疗膝骨关节炎提供理论基础。
方法:计算机检索PubMed数据库、Web of Science、中国知网、万方医学数据库收录的相关文献。英文检索词为“knee osteoarthritis,high tibial osteotomy,limb alignment,chondrocytes,biomechanics,intra-articular”,中文检索词为“膝骨关节炎,胫骨高位截骨术,下肢力线,软骨细胞,生物力学,关节腔注射”,主要收集数据库中2013-2023年相关的文献,最终纳入75篇文献进行分析。

结果与结论:①胫骨高位截骨纠正下肢力线能有效缓解患者的症状,延缓甚至避免全膝关节置换,是骨科阶梯化治疗的重要组成部分;②正常的力学微环境对软骨细胞的表型和功能维持是必须的,异常的力学信号可以通过初级纤毛、整合素、细胞骨架和核骨架成分等机械传感器转化为细胞内的化学信号,导致软骨基质代谢和炎症调控的紊乱;③异常应力作用后的软骨细胞在合适的应力下仍有恢复为正常表型的潜能,胫骨高位截骨术纠正力学微环境后可导致自发性软骨修复和滑膜炎症缓解;④对于尚不满足全膝关节置换的早期膝骨关节炎患者,胫骨高位截骨术联合软骨再生策略的前景值得期待。

https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0796-6842(付强昌)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 膝骨关节炎, 胫骨高位截骨术, 下肢力线, 软骨再生, 炎症, 生物力学, 力学微环境, 关节腔注射

Abstract: BACKGROUND: For early knee osteoarthritis in which total knee arthroplasty fails to achieve satisfactory results, high tibial osteotomy that has been found to promote regeneration of damaged cartilage and alleviate symptoms in patients is considered a classic knee-preserving procedure.
OBJECTIVE: To review and discuss the effectiveness, mechanism, and application prospects of high tibial osteotomy in stimulating cartilage regeneration in knee osteoarthritis and to provide a theoretical basis for the use of high tibial osteotomy in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.
METHODS: A computerized search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and WanFang databases for relevant literature published from 2013 to 2023. The search terms used were “knee osteoarthritis, high tibial osteotomy, limb alignment, chondrocytes, biomechanics, intra-articular” in both English and Chinese. Finally, 75 articles were included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: High tibial osteotomy correcting the lower limb alignment has been found to be effective in alleviating symptoms and potentially delaying or preventing the need for total knee arthroplasty. This is an important aspect of orthopedic step-down treatment in knee osteoarthritis. Maintaining a normal mechanical microenvironment is crucial for the proper functioning and maintenance of chondrocyte phenotype. Abnormal mechanical signals can be converted into intracellular chemical signals through mechanosensors like primary cilia, integrins, cytoskeleton and nucleoskeleton, resulting in disruptions to the balance of matrix metabolism and regulation of inflammatory responses. Chondrocytes after abnormal stress action still have the potential to revert to a normal phenotype under appropriate stress; correction of the mechanical microenvironment by high tibial osteotomy leads to spontaneous cartilage repair and remission of synovial inflammation. The combination of high tibial osteotomy and cartilage regeneration strategy holds promising prospects for patients with early knee osteoarthritis who are not candidates for total knee arthroplasty.

Key words: knee osteoarthritis, high tibial osteotomy, lower limb alignment, cartilage regeneration, inflammation, biomechanics, mechanical microenvironment, intra-articular injection

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