中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (24): 3873-3878.doi: 10.12307/2024.100

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

椎弓根螺钉内固定联合单轴内镜下椎间融合治疗腰椎退变性疾病

唐  龙1,郑佳状1,汪凡栋1,刘元彬1,宋昭君1, 张  智2,王  淼1,周  永1,刘会毅1,陈  宇1   

  1. 1重庆医科大学附属遂宁市中心医院脊柱外科,四川省遂宁市   629000;2成都市第五人民医院骨科,四川省成都市   611130
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-09 接受日期:2023-06-16 出版日期:2024-08-28 发布日期:2023-11-21
  • 通讯作者: 陈宇,副主任医师,重庆医科大学附属遂宁市中心医院脊柱外科,四川省遂宁市 629000
  • 作者简介:唐龙,男,1987年生,四川省南充市人,汉族,在读博士,主治医师,主要从事脊柱外科、数字骨科学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省卫生健康委科研项目(20SYJS40),项目负责人:张智;遂宁市中心医院科研项目(2021y16),项目负责人:唐龙

Uniaxial endoscopic intervertebral fusion combined with pedicle screw fixation in treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases

Tang Long1, Zheng Jiazhuang1, Wang Fandong1, Liu Yuanbin1, Song Zhaojun1, Zhang Zhi2, Wang Miao1, Zhou Yong1, Liu Huiyi1, Chen Yu1   

  1. 1Department of Spine Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Suining 629000, Sichuan Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2023-04-09 Accepted:2023-06-16 Online:2024-08-28 Published:2023-11-21
  • Contact: Chen Yu, Associate chief physician, Department of Spine Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Suining 629000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Tang Long, Doctoral candidate, Attending physician, Department of Spine Surgery, Suining Central Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Suining 629000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Research Project of Sichuan Provincial Health Commission, No. 20SYJS40 (to ZZ); Scientific Research Project of Suining Central Hospital, No. 2021y16 (to TL)

摘要:


文题释义:

内镜下腰椎椎间融合:是在脊柱内镜的辅助下经椎间孔或者椎板间入路,通过一根直径超过10 mm的操作通道,术者在镜下完成腰脊神经根的精准减压并进一步完成椎间融合的脊柱微创手术方式,常联合后路经皮椎弓根钉固定以增强融合节段即刻稳定性。该技术在内镜直视下操作,除了能做到对神经根的充分减压,还能彻底切除椎间组织,终板处理效果较好。与传统手术相比,该手术具有创伤小、患者卧床时间短、恢复快等优势。
腰椎退变性疾病:是指随着人类年龄的增长腰椎退变老化而产生的一系列疾病的总称,主要包括腰椎间盘突出症、腰椎退变性失稳、腰椎管狭窄症、腰椎退变性侧凸畸形及腰椎退变性滑脱等。研究表明这些疾病都跟年龄增长有明显关系,因此统一称为腰椎退行性疾病。


背景:随着脊柱微创外科技术在临床的迅猛发展及快速康复理念的加强,内镜下腰椎椎间融合技术近年来在临床逐渐兴起并得到广泛应用。

目的:分析后路经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定联合单轴脊柱内镜下椎间融合治疗腰椎退变性疾病的早期临床疗效。
方法:纳入2020年10月至2021年12月遂宁市中心医院收治的腰椎退行性疾病患者135例,其中男59例、女76例,年龄47-79岁,均接受单轴脊柱内镜下椎间融合联合后路经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗。术前及术后1周、1个月、6个月及末次随访时,采用目测类比评分评估腰部和下肢疼痛情况,采用Oswestry功能障碍指数评估腰椎功能状况;术前及末次随访时,采用中华骨科学会脊柱学组腰背痛手术评分标准评估患者疼痛总体恢复情况,通过影像学检测评估腰椎生理曲度与椎间融合情况。

结果与结论:①135例患者术后获得(17.8±3.0)个月随访,发生终板损伤1例,脑脊液漏1例,神经根损伤1例,椎间融合器下沉与移位各1例,慢性感染1例,椎弓根螺钉断裂1例,并发症发生率为5.2%;②与术前比较,135例患者术后各时间点的腰部及下肢目测类比评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数均明显降低(P < 0.05);135例患者末次随访的中华骨科学会脊柱学组腰背痛手术评分明显优于术前(P < 0.05);③末次随访时,135例患者的腰椎生理曲度与术前比较无明显变化(P > 0.05),椎间融合率为95.8%;④结果显示,后路经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定联合单轴脊柱内镜下椎间融合治疗腰椎退变性疾病的早期临床效果满意,是一种安全性较高的脊柱微创手术方式。

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0431-7633 (唐龙) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 单轴脊柱内镜, 椎间融合术, 经皮椎弓根螺钉, 腰椎退变性疾病, 腰椎椎间融合

Abstract: BACKGROUND: With the rapid development of minimally invasive spinal surgery and enhanced recovery after surgery, endoscopic intervertebral fusion techniques have gradually emerged and been widely used in clinical practice in recent years. 
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the early clinical efficacy of uniaxial spinal endoscopic intervertebral fusion combined with posterior percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases. 
METHODS: 135 patients with lumbar degenerative diseases treated by uniaxial spinal endoscopic intervertebral fusion combined with posterior percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in the Suining Central Hospital from October 2020 to December 2021 were enrolled in this study. There were 59 males and 76 females, aged 47-79 years. The lower limb and lumbar pain was evaluated by visual analog scale and lumbar function was assessed by Oswestry disability index before the operation, 1 week, 1, and 6 months after the operation, and at the end of follow-up. The overall pain recovery of patients was evaluated by the scoring criteria for low back pain surgery of Spine Group of Chinese Orthopedic Association and the lumbar physiological curvature and intervertebral fusion were evaluated on lumbar lateral X-ray preoperatively and at the end of follow-up. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The 135 patients were followed up for (17.8±3.0) months after surgery. There was 1 case of endplate injury, 1 case of cerebrospinal fluid leakage, 1 case of nerve root injury, 1 case of intervertebral cage subsidence and displacement, 1 case of chronic infection, and 1 case of pedicle screw rupture. The complication rate was 5.2%. (2) The lumbar visual analog scale score and Oswestry disability index significantly decreased in the waist and lower limbs at various time points postoperatively compared with those preoperatively in 135 patients (P < 0.05). The scoring criteria for low back pain surgery of the Spine Group of the Chinese Orthopedic Association were significantly better at the last follow-up than that preoperatively in 135 patients (P < 0.05). (3) At the last follow-up, there was no significant difference in physiological curvature of lumbar vertebra as compared with that preoperatively in 135 patients (P > 0.05), with a fusion rate of 95.8%. (4) It is concluded that uniaxial spinal endoscopic intervertebral fusion combined with posterior percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases has shown satisfactory early clinical results and is a highly safe minimally invasive spinal surgery mode.

Key words: uniaxial spinal endoscopy, interbody fusion, percutaneous pedicle screw, lumbar degenerative disease, lumbar interbody fusion

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