中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (18): 2876-2880.doi: 10.12307/2024.053

• 骨与关节图像与影像 bone and joint imaging • 上一篇    下一篇

枢椎椎弓根峡部复合体最狭部CT重建的形态分型

郝  帅,马  迅,张彦男,赵浩亮,柳青青   

  1. 山西医科大学第三医院骨科,山西省太原市   030000
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-23 接受日期:2023-05-05 出版日期:2024-06-28 发布日期:2023-08-25
  • 通讯作者: 马迅,硕士,主任医师,教授,博士生导师,山西医科大学第三医院骨科,山西省太原市 030000
  • 作者简介:郝帅,男,1990年生,山西省太原市人,2017年山西医科大学毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事脊柱外科和数字骨科方面研究。
  • 基金资助:
    山西医科大学第三医院院级教育教学改革课题项目基金(2022JX09),负责人:郝帅

Morphological classification of CT reconstruction of the narrowest part of pediculoisthmic component

Hao Shuai, Ma Xun, Zhang Yannan, Zhao Haoliang, Liu Qingqing   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2023-03-23 Accepted:2023-05-05 Online:2024-06-28 Published:2023-08-25
  • Contact: Ma Xun, Master, Chief physician, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Hao Shuai, Master, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Education and Teaching Reform Project Fund of Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 2022JX09 (to HS)

摘要:


文题释义:

枢椎椎弓根峡部复合体:即枢椎上关节突和下关节突之间部位,是枢椎椎弓根螺钉的必经骨质,其外侧有椎动脉沟,内侧为椎管。通过CT多平面重建技术,在影像学软件上调整CT矢状位、轴位及冠状位定位线,获得枢椎椎弓根峡部复合体最狭部解剖形态。
CT多平面重建技术:是CT影像技术的基本图像操作方法,将CT薄层图像通过计算机处理,根据临床需要可以在冠状位、矢状位及轴位等任意角度和方位进行图像重建。CT多平面重建广泛应用于临床工作中,各种三维图像技术是影像及临床医生诊断疾病的重要线索。


背景:有研究建议枢椎椎弓根螺钉置入前必须进行CT多平面重建,以确定每个患者C2椎弓根的解剖结构,并设计合适的螺钉轨迹和直径,评估置钉的可行性,以降低手术相关并发症的发生。

目的:利用CT多平面重建技术对枢椎椎弓根峡部复合体最狭部进行形态学分型,用于评估枢椎椎弓根螺钉置入的可行性。
方法:通过西门子syngo.via软件CT多平面重建功能,对200例患者(400枚枢椎椎弓根)的颈椎CT数据进行回顾性研究。依据椎弓根轴线方向调整CT多平面重建定位线,重建出椎弓根峡部复合体最狭部的切面断层图像,根据其形态特点将椎弓根峡部复合体最狭部分为3型:1型,“钩”型,其中1a型外径宽度(a1) > 0.4 cm,1b型外径宽度(a1)≤0.4 cm;2型,“类圆/椭圆”型;3型,“横椭圆”型,比较3种分型椎弓根峡部复合体最狭部的外径宽度(a1)、髓腔宽度(a2)、外径高度(d1)、髓腔高度(d2),评估3种分型椎弓根螺钉的置钉可行性。

结果与结论:①400枚枢椎椎弓根中1型269枚,2型130枚,3型仅1枚。②1型,2型平均外径高度比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),平均髓腔高度、平均外径宽度及平均髓腔宽度差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.001);1型,2型平均外径宽度≤0.4 cm数量占比分别为 42例 (15.6%)、 0例 (0.00%),差异有显著性意义(P < 0.001);第3型仅1例,外径高度、髓腔高度、外径宽度、髓腔宽度分别为1.20 cm、0.84 cm、0.64 cm、0.31 cm。③结果提示,1a型、2型和3型患者可安全置入枢椎椎弓根螺钉,无需进一步测量评估;1b型患者慎行椎弓根螺钉置入术,因此对于1型需要进一步测量椎弓根峡部复合体最狭部外径宽度,以评估枢椎椎弓根螺钉的置钉可行性。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9063-9072 (郝帅) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 枢椎, 椎弓根螺钉, 多平面重组, 椎动脉, X线计算机断层摄影, 并发症

Abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that CT multiplanar reconstruction should be performed prior to the placement of axial pedicle screws to determine the anatomy of the C2 pedicle in each patient, to design the appropriate screw locus and diameter, and to evaluate the feasibility of screw placement to reduce the incidence of surgery-related complications.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of axis pedicle screw placement by morphologic classification of pediculoisthmic component with CT multiplanar reconstruction.
METHODS: The CT data of 200 patients (400 axial pedicle screws) with cervical spine were retrospectively studied by using Siemens Syngo.Via software. According to the direction of the axis of the pedicle, the CT multiplanar reconstruction positioning line was adjusted to reconstruct the sectional image of the narrowest part of the pediculoisthmic component. According to its morphological characteristics, the narrowest part of the pediculoisthmic component was divided into three types: type 1, “hook” type: Type 1a outer diameter width (a1)> 0.4 cm, type 1b outer diameter width (a1)≤0.4 cm; type 2, “like circle/ellipse” type; type 3, “horizontal ellipse” type. The outer diameter width of the narrowest part of pediculoisthmic component (d1), medullary cavity width (d2), outer diameter height (a1), and medullary cavity height (a2) were compared among the three types, and the feasibility of pedicle screw placement of the three types was evaluated.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A total of 400 axial pedicles included 269 cases of type 1, 130 cases of type 2, and 1 case of type 3. (2) The mean external diameter height between types 1 and 2 was not significantly different (P > 0.05). The mean medullary cavity height, mean outer diameter widths, and mean medullary cavity width were significantly different (P < 0.001). There were 42 cases (15.6%) of type 1 and 0 cases (0.00%) of type 2 with mean external diameter width ≤ 0.4 cm, and the difference was significant (P < 0.001). There was only one case of type 3, whose external diameter height, medullary cavity height, outer diameter width and medullary cavity width were 1.20 cm, 0.84 cm, 0.64 cm and 0.31 cm, respectively. (3) These results confirm that axial pedicle screws can be safely inserted in patients with types 1a, 2 and 3, which requires no further measurement and assessment. Pedicle screw insertion should be performed with caution in type 1b patients. Therefore, in type 1 patients, the width of the narrowest outer diameter of the pediculoisthmic component should be further measured to evaluate the feasibility of axial pedicle screw placement. 

Key words: axis, pedicle screw, multiplanar recontruction, vertebral artery, X-ray computed tomography, complication

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