中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (12): 1869-1874.doi: 10.12307/2024.023

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

关节置换与闭合复位内固定治疗合并骨质疏松不稳定型转子间骨折的对比

朱睿智1,曲  强1,崔鹏飞1,刘  栋1,张永涛2,王昌耀2   

  1. 1青岛大学医学部,山东省青岛市   266071;2青岛大学附属医院,山东省青岛市   266071
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-21 接受日期:2023-03-06 出版日期:2024-04-28 发布日期:2023-08-22
  • 通讯作者: 王昌耀,博士,副主任医师,青岛大学附属医院,山东省青岛市 266071
  • 作者简介:朱睿智,男,1997年生,山东省菏泽市人,汉族,青岛大学在读硕士,主要从事骨科方面研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81772329),项目负责人:王昌耀

Efficacy of joint replacement versus closed reduction and internal fixation in treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures combined with osteoporosis

Zhu Ruizhi1, Qu Qiang1, Cui Pengfei1, Liu Dong1, Zhang Yongtao2, Wang Changyao2   

  1. 1Department of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China; 2Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2022-12-21 Accepted:2023-03-06 Online:2024-04-28 Published:2023-08-22
  • Contact: Wang Changyao, MD, Associate chief physician, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Zhu Ruizhi, Master candidate, Department of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81772329 (to WCY)

摘要:


文题释义:

Singh指数:股骨近端骨小梁类型指数,又称Singh指数。Singh指数是根据股骨近端骨小梁吸收消失规律对X射线片进行测量的一种方法,其根据压力骨小梁和张力骨小梁的分布以及在骨质疏松情况下先后消失的顺序来进行分级,骨质疏松病理程度越严重,级数越低。
不稳定型转子间骨折:AO将股骨转子间骨折归为A类骨折(关节外骨折)。A1型为经转子的简单骨折(两部分),内外侧皮质完好,A1.1沿转子间线、A1.2通过大转子、A1.3通过小转子;A2型为经转子的粉碎性骨折,内后方皮质破裂,外侧皮质完好,A2.1有一内侧骨折块、A2.2数块内骨折块、A2.3小转子下延伸超过1 cm;A3型,反转子间骨折,外侧皮质有破裂。其中A2.2、A2.3、A3属于不稳定型骨折。


背景:稳定型转子间骨折可以通过闭合复位内固定得到很好的修复效果,但对于合并骨质疏松的不稳定型转子间骨折,目前没有具有绝对优势的手术方式。

目的:通过对比闭合复位内固定与关节置换的相关指标,探究关节置换治疗合并骨质疏松老年不稳定型转子间骨折的疗效。
方法:回顾性分析2017年1月至2020年1月在青岛大学附属医院接受治疗的102例老年不稳定型股骨转子间骨折患者的临床资料。根据手术方式将患者分为2组,Gamma3组62例,采用Gamma3内固定系统治疗;关节置换组40例,采用人工股骨头置换或全髋关节置换治疗。对两组患者的手术信息、住院情况、髋关节功能以及术后并发症等方面进行比较。

结果与结论:①Gamma3组和关节置换组在负重时间(P < 0.001)、住院时间(P < 0.05)、术中出血量(P < 0.001),手术时长(P < 0.001)方面相比差异有显著性意义,关节置换组平均负重时间和住院时间均比闭合复位内固定的Gamma3组短;Gamma3组术中出血量和手术时长均优于关节置换组;②两组患者在术后12个月髋关节Harris评分、分项百分制髋评分以及术后并发症方面相比差异均无显著性意义(P=0.526,0.788,0.228);③提示关节置换在治疗合并骨质疏松的老年不稳定型转子间骨折中取得了较好的疗效,能使患者实现早期负重和功能锻炼;谨慎选择适合的患者和假体类型进行关节置换会使患者获得更大的收益。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4115-2636 (朱睿智) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 股骨转子间骨折, 不稳定型, 关节置换, 骨质疏松, 闭合复位内固定

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Stable intertrochanteric fractures can be treated by closed reduction and internal fixation, but there is no absolute advantage for unstable intertrochanteric fractures with osteoporosis. 
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of arthroplasty in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly with osteoporosis by comparing the indexes related to closed reduction internal fixation and arthroplasty.
METHODS: Clinical data of 102 elderly patients with unstable intertrochanteric fractures of the femur treated in Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2017 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical method. In the Gamma3 group, 62 cases received Gamma3 internal fixation system. In the joint replacement group, 40 cases received an artificial femoral head replacement or total hip replacement. Surgical information, hospitalization, hip function, and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There were statistical differences between the Gamma3 group and the joint replacement group in weight-bearing time (P < 0.001), hospital stay (P < 0.05), intraoperative bleeding (P < 0.001), and length of surgery (P < 0.001). The mean weight-bearing time and hospital stay were shorter in the joint replacement group than in the Gamma3 group. Intraoperative bleeding and duration of surgery were better in the Gamma3 group than in the joint replacement group. (2) There was no significant difference in Harris hip score, subitem centesimal hip score, and postoperative complications 12 months after surgery in both groups (P=0.526, 0.788, 0.228). (3) It is indicated that arthroplasty has achieved better outcomes in the treatment of elderly unstable intertrochanteric fractures combined with osteoporosis, enabling early weight bearing and functional exercise. Careful selection of the appropriate patient and prosthesis type for arthroplasty will result in greater patient benefit.

Key words: intertrochanteric fracture of the femur, unstable type, joint replacement, osteoporosis, closed reduction and internal fixation

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