中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (6): 911-916.doi: 10.12307/2023.903

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗外侧壁完整型和外侧壁危险型股骨转子间骨折

吴钟汉1,2,王景坤1,2,李  涛1,2,许新忠1,2, 余水生1,2,程  里1,2,田大胜1,2,汤  健1,2,3,荆珏华1,2   

  1. 安徽医科大学第二附属医院,1骨科,2转化医学中心骨科研究所,安徽省合肥市   230601;3安徽医科大学第一附属医院骨科,安徽省合肥市   230000 
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-22 接受日期:2023-01-10 出版日期:2024-02-28 发布日期:2023-07-12
  • 通讯作者: 荆珏华,博士,教授,主任医师,博士生导师,安徽医科大学第二附属医院骨科,安徽省合肥市 230601
  • 作者简介:吴钟汉,男,1997年生,安徽省安庆市人,汉族,安徽医科大学在读硕士,主要从事脊髓损伤、创伤骨科、骨肿瘤方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    2019年度安徽医科大学校科研基金项目(xkj2019131),项目负责人:许新忠

Proximal femoral nail antirotation for femoral intertrochanteric fractures with lateral wall integrity and lateral wall risk

Wu Zhonghan1, 2, Wang Jingkun1, 2, Li Tao1, 2, Xu Xinzhong1, 2, Yu Shuisheng1, 2, Cheng Li1, 2, Tian Dasheng1, 2, Tang Jian1, 2 , 3, Jing Juehua1, 2   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, 2Institute of Orthopedics of Research Center for Translational Medicine, Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China; 3Department of Orthopedics, First Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2022-11-22 Accepted:2023-01-10 Online:2024-02-28 Published:2023-07-12
  • Contact: Jing Juehua, MD, Professor, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, and Institute of Orthopedics of Research Center for Translational Medicine, Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China
  • About author:Wu Zhonghan, Master candidate, Department of Orthopedics, and Institute of Orthopedics of Research Center for Translational Medicine, Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Scientific Research Foundation Program of Anhui Medical University in 2019, No. xkj2019131 (to XXZ)

摘要:


文题释义:

股骨转子间骨折:是指骨折线位于股骨近端大转子和小转子间的骨折,占髋部骨折的50%。该病好发于75岁以上的老年人,术后5年生存率只有20%,被称为“人生最后一次骨折”。
外侧壁:全称股骨外侧壁,主要指代股骨近端解剖结构中向股骨头打入拉力螺钉或者螺旋刀片的进针位点。完整的股骨外侧壁起到避免骨块旋转和阻挡股骨干向内移位的作用,是维持骨折稳定性的重要解剖结构。


背景:对于老年创伤性髋部骨折患者而言,预后的相关因素非常复杂,股骨外侧壁的完整与否是影响因素之一,了解外侧壁损伤对股骨转子间骨折预后的影响具有重要的临床价值。

目的:评估外侧壁完整性与股骨转子间骨折患者髋关节功能恢复及其预后之间的关系。
方法:筛选股骨转子间骨折患者82例,所有患者均接受股骨近端防旋髓内钉固定治疗。依据外侧壁厚度将患者分为2组,外侧壁完整组(n=31)及外侧壁危险组(n=51)。比较两组患者围术期指标、负重时间、骨折愈合时间、髋关节功能及活动度、术后疼痛及并发症发生情况。

结果与结论:①外侧壁完整组患者的住院时间、术中透视次数明显低于外侧壁危险组(P < 0.05),其余围术期指标的差异无显著性意义;②术后两组患者均能早期下地和最终完全负重,但外侧壁危险组患者骨折愈合时间更长,完全负重时间明显延迟,末次随访的Harris评分更低,患侧髋伸屈活动度及颈干角更小(P < 0.05);③两组患者各种并发症发生率比较差异无显著性意义,但总体并发症发生率外侧壁完整组明显更低(P < 0.05);④综上,接受股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定治疗后,与外侧壁危险组患者相比,外侧壁完整组患者具有相对更好的预后。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5927-5514 (吴钟汉);https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5599-5672 (荆珏华) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: A1型, A2型, 股骨转子间骨折, 股骨近端防旋髓内钉, 外侧壁, 完整性

Abstract: BACKGROUND: For elderly patients with traumatic hip fractures, the related factors of prognosis are very complex, and the integrity of the lateral wall is one of the influencing factors. It is of important clinical value to understand the effect of lateral wall injury on the prognosis of femoral intertrochanteric fracture.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between the integrity of the lateral wall and hip functional recovery and other outcomes in patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures.
METHODS: Totally 82 patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures were screened and all patients received proximal femoral nail antirotation fixation. According to the thickness of the lateral wall, the patients were divided into the lateral wall intact group (n=31) and lateral wall risk group (n=51). The perioperative indexes, weight-bearing time, fracture healing time, hip joint function and range of motion, postoperative pain and complications were compared between the two groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The time of hospitalization and the number of fluoroscopies during operation in the lateral wall intact group were significantly lower than those in the lateral wall risk group (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in other perioperative indexes. (2) Both groups were able to get down to the ground early after surgery and finally complete weight-bearing, but in the lateral wall risk group, the time of fracture healing was longer; the time of complete weight-bearing was significantly delayed; the Harris score of the last follow-up was lower; the range of motion of hip extension and flexion and neck trunk angle on the affected side were smaller (P < 0.05). (3) There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups, but the overall incidence of complications in the lateral wall intact group was significantly lower (P < 0.05). (4) In summary, after internal fixation of proximal femoral nail antirotation, patients with the intact lateral wall had a relatively better prognosis than those with risk lateral wall. 

Key words: type A1, type A2, femoral intertrochanteric fracture, proximal femoral nail antirotation, lateral wall, integrity

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