中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (21): 3281-3286.doi: 10.12307/2023.465

• 组织工程骨材料 tissue-engineered bone •    下一篇

骨水泥强化股骨近端防旋髓内钉在不同骨质下治疗不稳定型股骨转子间骨折的有限元分析

郭  昊1,陈广新1,陈晓琴1,廉洪宇2,刘鑫伟1,李子涛2   

  1. 1牡丹江医学院,黑龙江省牡丹江市  157011;2牡丹江医学院附属红旗医院骨外二科,黑龙江省牡丹江市  157011
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-05 接受日期:2022-08-03 出版日期:2023-07-28 发布日期:2022-11-23
  • 通讯作者: 李子涛,教授,主任医师,硕士生导师,牡丹江医学院附属红旗医院骨外二科,黑龙江省牡丹江市 157011
  • 作者简介:郭昊,男,1995年生,黑龙江省牡丹江市人,回族,牡丹江医学院骨外科学在读硕士,主要从事脊柱与骨关节病的临床诊治与生物力学分析研究。
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目资助(2021-KYYWF-0516),项目负责人:李子涛

Finite element analysis of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation for treating unstable femoral intertrochanteric fracture under different bones with bone cement augmentation

Guo Hao1, Chen Guangxin1, Chen Xiaoqin1, Lian Hongyu2, Liu Xinwei1, Li Zitao2   

  1. 1Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, Heilongjiang Province, China; 2Second Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Affiliated Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Received:2022-07-05 Accepted:2022-08-03 Online:2023-07-28 Published:2022-11-23
  • Contact: Li Zitao, Professor, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Second Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Affiliated Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • About author:Guo Hao, Master candidate, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Basic Scientific Research Funds of Heilongjiang Provincial Universities, No. 2021-KYYWF-0516 (to LZT)

摘要:


文题释义:

A3.3型股骨转子间骨折:以骨折线累及股骨外侧壁和股骨内侧小转子为特征的一类型骨折,稳定性较差,在AO/OTA分型中也称为粉碎性骨折,有效恢复患者髋关节力学稳定性是临床中治疗的关键所在。
骨水泥:即骨黏合剂,通过钉道内渗入到周围的骨小梁内来包裹局部骨质,协助股骨近端防旋螺钉提高周围骨质的密度,进而增加其固定强度。但是,使用不慎会导致休克、肺栓塞、心肌梗死及猝死等急性全身反应和感染等局部并发症。

背景:对于A3.3型转子间骨折,股骨近端防旋髓内钉是首选治疗方式,但术后骨折端的稳定性欠佳,而骨水泥钉道强化可以起到很好的稳定作用。
目的:运用有限元分析法模拟不同程度骨质疏松下骨水泥对股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗不稳定型股骨转子间骨折生物力学的影响。 
方法:基于CT图像及有限元分析软件建立右侧正常股骨有限元模型,同时按照AO31-A3.3分型在Solidworks 2017中将股骨分割成股骨近端、小转子及股骨体3个骨块,分别建立普通股骨近端防旋髓内钉固定12种不同骨质疏松程度的股骨模型(实验组),以及骨水泥钉道强化股骨近端防旋髓内钉固定12种不同骨质疏松程度的股骨模型(对照组)。股骨头表面模拟单腿站立位的受力情况,在ANSYS中观察各组内固定下股骨最大位移、股骨近端防旋髓内钉最大位移、股骨最大应力及股骨颈内翻角度上的变化。
结果与结论:①相同骨质条件下,对照组股骨头位移、股骨近端防旋髓内钉位移及股骨颈内翻角度均低于实验组,股骨最大应力值高于实验组;②随着股骨骨质疏松程度的增大,以实验组为基础,对照组股骨头位移变化率减少了2.94%-5.89%,股骨近端防旋髓内钉位移变化率减少了3.23%-4.79%,股骨颈内翻角度变化率减少了0.41%-8.51%,股骨部位最大应力变化率从增大了12.2%到仅增大5.74%;③结果显示,在A3.3型股骨转子间骨折中,骨水泥强化股骨近端防旋髓内钉在应对不同程度骨质疏松时均较普通股骨近端防旋髓内钉有较好的力学稳定性且效果在严重骨质疏松时最显著,但骨水泥加强股骨近端防旋髓内钉并不适用于正常骨质及轻度骨质丢失。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4627-0308(郭昊)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性组织工程

关键词: 骨质疏松, 骨水泥, 股骨近端防旋髓内钉, 不稳定型股骨转子间骨折, 有限元

Abstract: BACKGROUND: For type A3.3 intertrochanteric fractures, proximal femoral nail anti-rotation is the most commonly used treatment. The stability of the fracture end after common proximal femoral nail anti-rotation surgery is not well, and bone cement can play a good stabilizing role.  
OBJECTIVE: To simulate the biomechanical effects of bone cement on the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures with different degrees of osteoporosis after proximal femoral nail anti-rotation using the finite element method. 
METHODS: A finite element model of a normal right femur was created from CT images using related finite element analysis software. The femur was divided into the proximal femoral bone, lesser trochanter, and femoral body in SolidWorks 2017 software according to the AO31-A3.3 classification. Totally 12 types of fracture models with different degrees of osteoporosis fixed using proximal femoral nail anti-rotation were established in the experimental group. In the control group, 12 types of osteoporotic fracture models were fixed using bone cement augmented proximal femoral nail anti-rotation. The differences in the maximum displacement of the femur, proximal femoral nail anti-rotation, femoral stress, and varus angle between the two groups were observed in ANSYS software. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Under the same bone condition, the displacement of the femoral head, the displacement of the proximal femoral nail anti-rotation and the varus angle of the femoral neck in the control group were lower than those in the experimental group, and the maximum femoral stress value was higher in the control group than that in the experimental group. (2) The change rate of femoral head displacement, proximal femoral nail anti-rotation displacement, and varus angle decreased from 2.94% to 5.89%, 3.23% to 4.79%, and 0.41% to 8.51% with increase in the degree of femur osteoporosis. The maximum stress change rate of the femur increased from 12.2% to 5.74%. (3) These results suggest that in dealing with A3.3 femoral intertrochanteric fractures with different degrees of osteoporosis, cement augmented proximal femoral nail anti-rotation had better mechanical stability than ordinary proximal femoral nail anti-rotation, and the effect was most significant in severe osteoporosis. Moreover, the experimental analysis of bone cement augmented proximal femoral nail anti-rotation is not suitable for normal bone and mild bone loss. 

Key words: osteoporosis, bone cement, proximal femoral nail anti-rotation, unstable intertrochanteric fracture, finite element

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