中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 633-638.doi: 10.12307/2023.862

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

股骨骨缺损动物模型制备现状及特点

周世博1,关健斌1,俞  兴2,赵  赫2,杨永栋2,刘  涛1   

  1. 1北京中医药大学第一临床医学院,北京市  100029;2北京中医药大学东直门医院,北京市  100070
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-31 接受日期:2023-01-10 出版日期:2024-02-08 发布日期:2023-07-14
  • 通讯作者: 俞兴,博士,主任医师,北京中医药大学东直门医院,北京市 100070
  • 作者简介:周世博,男,1994年生,河南省洛阳市人,汉族,在读博士,医师,主要从事脊柱脊髓损伤、椎间盘退变及骨组织工程研究。

Animal models of femoral bone defects: preparation status and characteristics

Zhou Shibo1, Guan Jianbin1, Yu Xing2, Zhao He2, Yang Yongdong2, Liu Tao1   

  1. 1First Clinical School of Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; 2Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
  • Received:2022-10-31 Accepted:2023-01-10 Online:2024-02-08 Published:2023-07-14
  • Contact: Yu Xing, MD, Chief physician, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
  • About author:Zhou Shibo, MD candidate, Physician, First Clinical School of Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China

摘要:


文题释义:

临界性骨缺损:骨发生缺损后,不经任何处理在自然状态下不能自行愈合的最小骨缺损的尺寸。
动物模型:是基于实验动物建立的模拟人类疾病或满足研究的动物,是实验治疗方式走向临床的一个重要过程。


背景:骨缺损的修复及后期临床转归仍是临床研究中的热点和难点,是困扰临床医师的常见问题。构建合适、可重复性及无限接近临床的动物实验模型及科学的评估对进一步的临床治疗相关疾病至关重要。

目的:回顾性分析文献中股骨骨缺损常用实验动物模型制备方法及不同模型特点,评估优势与不足,为相关研究者选择合适的股骨骨缺损动物模型提供一定的参考。
方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、Medline数据库及CNKI数据库,设定英文检索词为:bone defect,bone,bones,defect,defects,defective,animal model,animal,model,laboratory,laboratory animal,animal laboratory;中文检索词为:骨缺损,动物模型,实验。检索时限为2000-01-01/2022-08-01。

结果与结论:①对入选的27篇随机对照动物实验进行了分析和评估,实验动物包含大鼠、小鼠、新西兰兔及羊,骨缺损类型主要包含圆柱形骨缺损和节段性截骨骨缺损,部位以股骨中段及远端居多。多用于评估骨修复材料、药物、载药活性物质及物理治疗等方法对骨缺损修复的影响及缺损愈合机制研究,尤其是负重骨缺损修复机制的研究。②不同缺损类型及不同实验动物股骨骨缺损值的范围不同,研究者可结合实验目的,选择合适的动物及骨缺损类型,并设置合理的骨缺损值。③目前的研究表明,股骨骨缺损模型以圆柱形及节段截骨骨缺损为主,主要是在股骨远端及中段,手术方法及术后处理较为成熟,可操作性强,能够提供成熟的实验动物模型。④就圆柱形骨缺损而言,大鼠及新西兰兔更适合,而节段性截骨则无特殊要求,各种动物均能满足实验要求。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1260-0807(周世博)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 股骨, 骨缺损, 动物模型, 评估, 临界性骨缺损

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The repair and clinical outcome of bone defects remains a hot and difficult area of clinical research, which is a common problem that plagues clinicians. Constructing suitable, reproducible and infinitely close to clinical animal experimental models and their scientific evaluation are essential for further clinical treatment of related diseases.
OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively analyze the preparation methods and characteristics of common animal models of femoral bone defects and to assess their strengths and weaknesses, thereby providing some reference for relevant researchers to select appropriate animal models of femoral bone defects.
METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, and CNKI were retrieved for relevant literature published from January 1, 2000 to August 1, 2022. The keywords were “bone defect, bone, bones, defect, defects, defective, animal model, animal, model, laboratory, laboratory animal, animal laboratory” in English and “bone defect, animal model, experiment” in Chinese.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Twenty-seven randomized controlled animal experiments involving rats, mice, New Zealand rabbits, and sheep were included, analyzed and assessed. The most common types of bone defects were cylindrical bone defects and segmental osteotomy bone defects, generally found in the middle and distal femur. These models are mostly used to evaluate the effects of bone repair materials, drugs, drug-loaded active substances and physical therapy on bone defect repair and explore defect healing mechanisms, particularly the weight-bearing bone defect repair mechanism. Different defect kinds and femoral bone defect ranges have been found in different animal experiments. Researchers can select the suitable animal model and bone defect type based on the goal of the experiment and then set an acceptable bone defect value. Current studies have shown that cylindrical and segmental osteotomy-induced bone defects, mainly in the distal and middle femur, are mostly used in the animal models of femoral bone defects and that the surgical methods and postoperative management are more mature and operable to provide mature experimental animal models. In terms of cylindrical bone defects, rats and New Zealand rabbits are more suitable, whereas segmental osteotomy has no special requirements and all types of animals can meet the experimental requirements.

Key words: femur, bone defect, animal model, assessment, critical-size bone defect

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