中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (16): 2542-2547.doi: 10.12307/2023.419

• 组织工程骨材料 tissue-engineered bone • 上一篇    下一篇

治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折低温骨水泥的最佳灌注量

郭二松1,马朋朋2,张  鑫2,张春林2,蔡  明2,苏  峰2,刘  肃2,李  伟2,胡振顺2,张志敏2   

  1. 1河北北方学院研究生院,河北省张家口市  075000;2河北北方学院附属第一医院骨科,河北省张家口市  075000
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-03 接受日期:2022-06-08 出版日期:2023-06-08 发布日期:2022-11-10
  • 通讯作者: 张春林,主任医师,河北北方学院附属第一医院骨科,河北省张家口市 075000
  • 作者简介:郭二松,男,1992年生,河北省邢台市人,汉族,河北北方学院在读硕士,医师,主要从事骨科方面研究。
  • 基金资助:
    河北省医学科学研究课题(20220612),项目负责人:张鑫;张家口市级科技计划项目(2021061D),项目负责人:马朋朋

Optimal perfusion volume of low-temperature bone cement for treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures

Guo Ersong1, Ma Pengpeng2, Zhang Xin2, Zhang Chunlin2, Cai Ming2, Su Feng2, Liu Su2, Li Wei2, Hu Zhenshun2, Zhang Zhimin2   

  1. 1Graduate School of Hebei Northern University, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2022-04-03 Accepted:2022-06-08 Online:2023-06-08 Published:2022-11-10
  • Contact: Zhang Chunlin, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Guo Ersong, Master candidate, Physician, Graduate School of Hebei Northern University, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Medical Science Research Project of Hebei Province, No. 20220612 (to ZX); Zhangjiakou Municipal Science and Technology Program, No. 2021061D (to MPP)

摘要:


文题释义:

椎体生物力学:主要包括椎体强度、刚度。椎体强度是指椎体所能承受的最大应力,即椎体载荷能力,刚度是指椎体抵抗变形的能力。恢复椎体强度可以防止骨折程度的进一步加重,椎体刚度的恢复可以改变载荷的承受及传导。椎体生物力学稳定取决于椎体两侧的生物力学平衡和恢复椎体整体强度和刚度两个方面。
骨折椎体有限元建模:通过64排螺旋CT扫描骨折椎体,使用Mimics、Calculate 3D等软件建模,建模后可计算出骨折椎体体积。

背景:以往研究中恢复骨折椎体强度或刚度所需的骨水泥体积数据差异较大,可能是由于椎体在不同区域和个体之间体积大小差异、骨折前后体积差异、骨水泥体积和分布不对等引起。
目的:通过生物力学研究探讨治疗椎体骨折所需的骨水泥灌注量。
方法:选取8只成年绵羊,经筛选T8-L2椎体后最终获得50个椎体,建立骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折模型,记录椎体初始强度和刚度、骨折后椎体前缘高度,使用有限元技术精确计算每个椎体骨折后体积,得出骨水泥注射体积。根据有限元分析结果,采用拉丁方设计,50个骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折标本分为两阶段处理:第一阶段,经皮椎体后凸成形手术分别注射体积5%,10%,15%,20%的低温聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥,每种体积5个标本;第二阶段,分别注射体积15%,16%,17%,18%,19%,20%的骨水泥,每种体积5个标本。将两阶段的标本置于万能试验机上进行压缩实验。
结果与结论:①所有椎体术前高度、宽度、深度、脱钙前后骨密度、强度和刚度比较,差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②第一阶段:与术前比较,5%,10%,15%组术后椎体强度降低(P < 0.05),20%组术后椎体强度升高(P < 0.05),4组术后椎体刚度均降低(P < 0.05);15%,20%组术后椎体强度与刚度均大于5%,10%组。③第二阶段:与术前比较,15%,16%,17%组术后椎体强度降低(P < 0.05),18%,19%,20%组术后椎体强度升高(P < 0.05);18%,19%,20%组术后椎体强度高于15%组(P < 0.05)。与术前比较,各组术后椎体刚度均降低(P < 0.05);6组间术后椎体刚度比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。④结果表明,在保证骨水泥无渗漏前提下,在一定的范围内,使用占骨折椎体体积16%骨水泥联合双侧椎体后凸成形治疗,骨折椎体的生物力学和高度恢复为最佳。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8323-6179(郭二松)

关键词: 经皮椎体后凸成形术, 骨质疏松, 椎体压缩骨折, 骨水泥, 有限元技术, 低温骨水泥灌注技术, 生物力学, 绵羊

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies reported the volume of bone cement needed to restore the strength or stiffness of the fractured vertebral body, and the data varied widely. Considering this difference may be due to the volume difference of vertebral body in different regions and individuals, the volume difference before and after fracture, and the unequal volume and distribution of bone cement.
Objective: To explore the amount of bone cement needed for the treatment of vertebral fractures using biomechanical study. 
Methods: Eight adult sheep were selected and 50 vertebrae were finally obtained after screening T8-L2 vertebrae. Osteoporotic compression fractures were created through experiments, and the initial strength and stiffness of the vertebral body and the height of the anterior edge of the vertebral body after the fracture were recorded. The post-fracture volume of each vertebral body was accurately calculated by finite element technique to derive the cement injection volume. According to the finite element analysis results, using Latin square design, the 50 osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture specimens were divided into the first stage and the second stage. In the first stage, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% polymethyl methacrylate bone cement was injected by volume of percutaneous kyphoplasty, 5 specimens per volume. In the second stage, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, and 20% of bone cement were injected by volume, 5 specimens per volume. The two-stage specimens were placed on a universal testing machine for compression experiments.
Results and Conclusion: (1) There was no significant difference in preoperative height, width and depth, bone mineral density, strength and stiffness before and after decalcification (P > 0.05). (2) The first stage: Compared with preoperative data, postoperative vertebral strength decreased in 5%, 10%, and 15% groups (P < 0.05), and postoperative vertebral strength increased in 20% group (P < 0.05). Postoperative vertebral stiffness in all four groups decreased (P < 0.05); postoperative vertebral strength and stiffness were greater in 15% and 20% groups than those in 5% and 10% groups. (3) The second stage: Compared with preoperative data, postoperative vertebral strength decreased in 15%, 16%, and 17% groups (P < 0.05), and postoperative vertebral strength increased in 18%, 19%, and 20% groups (P < 0.05). Postoperative vertebral strength was higher in 18%, 19%, and 20% groups than that in the 15% group (P < 0.05). Compared with preoperative data, postoperative vertebral stiffness in each group decreased (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in postoperative vertebral stiffness among the six groups (P > 0.05). (4) The results show that in a certain range, under the premise of ensuring that there is no leakage of bone cement, the biomechanics and height of the fracture vertebral body can be restored to the best by using 16% bone cement combined with bilateral percutaneous kyphoplasty. 

Key words: percutaneous kyphoplasty, osteoporotic, vertebral compression fracture, bone cement, finite element technique, low-temperature bone cement perfusion technique, biomechanics, sheep

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