中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (32): 5148-5154.doi: 10.12307/2022.925

• 神经组织构建 nerve tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

人坐骨神经内部神经纤维的功能区分及可视化分析

李小军,李  嘉,高  峰,李  浪,李  沁,欧阳翔宇   

  1. 西藏自治区人民政府驻成都办事处医院骨科,四川省成都市  610041
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-10 接受日期:2021-12-16 出版日期:2022-11-18 发布日期:2022-05-12
  • 通讯作者: 欧阳翔宇,硕士,副主任医师,西藏自治区人民政府驻成都办事处医院骨科,四川省成都市 610041
  • 作者简介:李小军,男,1986年生,四川省三台县人,汉族,2008年成都医学院毕业,主治医师,主要从事脊柱、创伤方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    西藏自治区科技厅一般项目(XZ 2019ZR G-131),项目负责人:欧阳翔宇

Functional differentiation and visualization of nerve fibers in the human sciatic nerve

Li Xiaojun, Li Jia, Gao Feng, Li Lang, Li Qin, Ouyang Xiangyu   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Chengdu Office Hospital of the People’s Government of Tibet Autonomous Region, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2021-11-10 Accepted:2021-12-16 Online:2022-11-18 Published:2022-05-12
  • Contact: Ouyang Xiangyu, Master, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Chengdu Office Hospital of the People’s Government of Tibet Autonomous Region, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Li Xiaojun, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, Chengdu Office Hospital of the People’s Government of Tibet Autonomous Region, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the General Project of Tibet Autonomous Region Science and Technology Department, No. XZ 2019ZR G-131 (to OXY)

摘要:

文题释义:
免疫荧光技术:用荧光抗体示踪或检查相应抗原的方法称荧光抗体法,用已知的荧光抗原标记物示踪或检查相应抗体的方法称荧光抗原法。主要特点是特异性强、敏感性高、速度快。
三维立体重建:英文术语名称是3D Reconstruction。是指对三维物体建立适合计算机表示和处理的数学模型,是在计算机环境下对其进行处理、操作和分析其性质的基础,也是在计算机中建立表达客观世界的虚拟现实的关键技术。
可视化分析:通过三维重建软件,将人体或动物组织的二维图片重建成为三维立体图像,结合免疫组化、荧光染色等方法进行标定后,再使用三维重建软件重建出精确组织内部结构,实现可视化。

背景:人坐骨神经损伤后神经束的精准缝接是神经恢复的先决条件,目前外科治疗的难点是不了解断裂远近端神经束不同功能区走行规律,从而无法精准修复,导致不同的功能束对接后错向生长,对神经的术后恢复有着极大的影响。
目的:研究并构建出一套可以用于重建周围神经中不同神经纤维走行及形态的方法,为后期寻找坐骨神经中运动神经纤维和其他神经纤维的分布及走行规律提供可行的方法,为神经损伤后的精准缝合提供理论基础。
方法:在大腿中上段截肢患者距股骨髁上20 cm处,取下坐骨神经1 cm,使用头发标记后石蜡固定后连续切片。免疫组化、荧光染色,显微镜下扫描切片二维图像信息,同一肢体取腓肠神经肌支及腓浅神经皮支,作为阴性及阳性对照。采用德国Maxon Computer开发的CINEMA 4D软件,根据染色后的切片重建包括坐骨神经内部运动和其他神经纤维的三维立体图像。
结果与结论:①使用坐骨神经中运动神经纤维特异性抗体——Anti-HB9/HLXB9 Antibody,将运动神经纤维染色;②使用CINEMA 4D软件将坐骨神经内部神经纤维束的二维图片重建成为三维立体图像达到可视化区分,结合免疫荧光染色,能够区分出运动和其他神经纤维束;③提示免疫组化染色后能够精确区分坐骨神经中的运动神经纤维束和其他神经纤维束;④使用目前先进的三维重建软件能重建出坐骨神经内部结构,为准确区分运动神经纤维束和其他神经纤维束,以及后期探究其功能束的走向规律提供了一种有效的方法。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-2938 (李小军)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 坐骨神经, 神经纤维, 免疫组化, 三维重建, 可视化

Abstract: BACKGROUND:  It is the precondition of nerve recovery that nerve tracts are accurately stitched after sciatic nerve injury. However, it is unclear about the trajectory of the distal and proximal fracture ends of nerve tracts in different functional regions, and thus it is unable to accurately fix and repair the fracture end, which is the difficulty of surgical treatment, leading to fault regeneration of different functional nerve tracts. It has a great influence on postoperative neurological recovery. 
OBJECTIVE: To study a set of methods for the reconstruction of motor and sensory nerve fibers in peripheral nerves, so as to provide a feasible method for seeking the distribution and trajectory of motion fibers and other fibers in the sciatic nerve and to provide the basis for accurate suture after nerve injury.
METHODS: In patients with upper-middle thigh amputation, a 1 cm sample of the sciatic nerve was taken 20 cm from the upper femoral condyle, marked using hair, fixed with paraffin, and then sliced continuously. Following immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining, the nerve sections were scanned under a microscope to obtain two-dimensional image information. The muscular branch of the sural nerve and the cutaneous branch of the superficial peroneal nerve were taken from the same limb as negative and positive controls. Using CINEMA 4D software developed by Maxon Computer (Germany), the stained sections were used to reconstruct the three-dimensional images of the internal movement of the sciatic nerve and other nerve fibers.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The specific antibody of motor fibers in the sciatic nerve, Anti-HB9/HLXB9 Antibody, was used to stain motor fibers, while other fibers were not dyed. Using CINEMA 4D software, two-dimensional images could be used to form three-dimensional images of nerve fibers in the sciatic nerve, and then motor fibers could be accurately distinguished from the other fibers using immunofluorescent staining. It is suggested that motor nerve fiber bundles and other nerve fiber bundles in the sciatic nerve can be accurately distinguished after immunohistochemical staining. To conclude, advanced three-dimensional reconstruction software can be used to accurately reconstruct the internal structure of the sciatic nerve, to provide an effective method for accurately differentiating motor fibers and other fibers and exploring the trajectory of nerve functional bundles.

Key words: sciatic nerve, nerve fiber, immunohistochemistry, three-dimensional reconstruction, visualization

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