中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (13): 2114-2119.doi: 10.12307/2022.342

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

细胞治疗周围神经损伤的作用及机制

龚  超1,张玉强1,2,3,王  伟1,2,3   

  1. 1锦州医科大学附属第一医院骨科,辽宁省锦州市  121000;2锦州医科大学骨外科学研究所,辽宁省锦州市  121000;3辽宁省医学组织工程重点实验室,辽宁省锦州市  121000
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-18 修回日期:2020-09-21 接受日期:2020-11-09 出版日期:2022-05-08 发布日期:2021-12-20
  • 通讯作者: 王伟,博士,主任医师,教授,锦州医科大学附属第一医院骨科,辽宁省锦州市 121000;锦州医科大学骨外科学研究所,辽宁省锦州市 121000;辽宁省医学组织工程重点实验室,辽宁省锦州市 121000
  • 作者简介:龚超,男,1993年生,湖北省十堰市人,汉族,锦州医科大学在读硕士,主要从事周围神经损伤修复重建与再生相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    锦州医科大学校企合作基金项目(2020002),项目负责人:王伟;辽宁省教育厅科学技术研究地方服务项目(JYTFUDF201757),项目负责人:王伟

Role and mechanism of cell therapy in repair of peripheral nerve injury

Gong Chao1, Zhang Yuqiang1, 2, 3, Wang Wei1, 2, 3   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, Liaoning Province, China; 2Institute of Extra-orbital Sciences, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, Liaoning Province, China; 3Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Engineering, Jinzhou 121000, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2020-09-18 Revised:2020-09-21 Accepted:2020-11-09 Online:2022-05-08 Published:2021-12-20
  • Contact: Wang Wei, MD, Chief physician, Professor, Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, Liaoning Province, China; Institute of Extra-orbital Sciences, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, Liaoning Province, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Engineering, Jinzhou 121000, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Gong Chao, Master candidate, Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, Liaoning Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the School-Enterprise Cooperation Fund Project of Jinzhou Medical University, No. 2020002 (to WW); Liaoning Provincial Department of Education Science and Technology Research Local Services, No. JYTFUDF201757 (to WW)

摘要:

文题释义:
细胞治疗:是指通过生物工程方法收集和(或)经过体外扩增、特殊培养等处理后,使源于患者自体或异体的某些特定细胞具有增强免疫、杀死病原体和肿瘤细胞、促进组织器官修复再生和机体康复等治疗功效,从而达到治疗或缓解疾病目的的一种治疗方法。
周围神经损伤:是一种主要由创伤、肿瘤及代谢性疾病等因素引起的临床常见病,经常会导致机体受累节段运动、感觉和自主功能的部分或全部丧失,以及出现顽固性神经痛,这严重影响患者的生活质量,并为家庭和社会造成了沉重的负担。

背景:细胞治疗是医学组织工程学和再生医学的一个很有前景的分支,是修复周围神经损伤的一种良好策略。
目的:综述周围神经损伤的常见修复方法、常用于周围神经损伤修复的几种细胞及细胞治疗促进周围神经损伤修复的机制。
方法:由第一作者以“cell therapy,stem cell therapy,peripheral nerve injury,repair”为英文检索词,以“细胞治疗,干细胞治疗,周围神经损伤,修复”为中文检索词,检索万方、CNKI、PubMed数据库在2010至2020年期间有关细胞治疗修复周围神经损伤的相关文献,排除重复、陈旧及相关性较弱的文献,摘选了45篇文献进行了分析讨论。
结果与结论:①总结了目前周围神经损伤的常见修复方法,如常规直接缝合、神经移植、神经移位等,并对各种方法的优势及不足进行了叙述;②梳理了常用于周围神经损伤修复的几种细胞,如许旺细胞、嗅鞘细胞、胚胎干细胞等,并指出了各种细胞存在的缺陷;③总结了细胞治疗促进周围神经损伤修复的机制,主要表现在应用许旺细胞或许旺细胞样细胞,分泌神经营养因子、细胞外基质分子和细胞黏附分子,促进髓鞘形成3个方面。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9487-5427(龚超) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 细胞治疗, 干细胞治疗, 周围神经损伤, 修复, 再生, 作用, 机制, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Cell therapy is a promising branch of medical tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, and which is a good strategy for the repair of peripheral nerve injury.
OBJECTIVE: To review the common repair methods of peripheral nerve injury, several cells commonly used for peripheral nerve injury repair and the mechanism of cell therapy to promote peripheral nerve injury repair.
METHODS: The key words were “cell therapy, stem cell therapy, peripheral nerve injury, repair” in English and Chinese. Wanfang, CNKI and PubMed databases were retrieved for the articles concerning the cell therapy in the repair of peripheral nerve injury published from 2010 to 2020. After excluding repetitive, old and irrelevant articles, 45 eligible articles were further analyzed. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) After summarizing the common repair methods of peripheral nerve injury, such as conventional direct suture, nerve graft, and nerve transfer, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method were described. (2) Several kinds of cells commonly used for peripheral nerve injury repair, such as Schwann cells, olfactory ensheathing cells, and embryonic stem cells, were reviewed, and the defects of various cells were pointed out. (3) The mechanism of cell therapy to promote peripheral nerve injury repair was summarized, which was mainly manifested in the application of Schwann cells or Schwann cells-like cells, secretion of neurotrophic factors, extracellular matrix molecules and cell adhesion molecule, and promotion of myelin formation.

Key words: cell therapy, stem cell therapy, peripheral nerve injury, repair, regeneration, role, mechanism, review

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