中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (13): 2120-2126.doi: 10.12307/2022.343

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

巨噬细胞极化在骨组织工程免疫研究中的进展

赵月鑫,陈  滨   

  1. 南方医科大学南方医院骨科-创伤骨科,广东省广州市  510515
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-11 修回日期:2021-01-12 接受日期:2021-02-23 出版日期:2022-05-08 发布日期:2021-12-20
  • 通讯作者: 陈滨,博士,主任医师,南方医科大学南方医院骨科-创伤骨科,广东省广州市 510515
  • 作者简介:赵月鑫,男,1996年生,河北省沧州市人,汉族,南方医科大学在读博士,主要从事骨组织工程及免疫相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2020A1515011397),项目负责人:陈滨

Progress of macrophage polarization in immunology of bone tissue engineering

Zhao Yuexin, Chen Bin   

  1. Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2021-01-11 Revised:2021-01-12 Accepted:2021-02-23 Online:2022-05-08 Published:2021-12-20
  • Contact: Chen Bin, MD, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Zhao Yuexin, Doctoral candidate, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund Project of Guangdong Province, No. 2020A1515011397 (to CB)

摘要:

文题释义:
巨噬细胞极化:巨噬细胞会受到微环境中多种信号的调节与诱导,从而可以产生不同的极化状态。不同状态的巨噬细胞存在独特的表型及标志物并在体内行使不同的功能。根据刺激因素不同,巨噬细胞可以极化为M1表型或M2表型等,他们分别在炎症调节中行使促炎或抗炎的复杂功能。
药物递送系统:是指在空间、时间及剂量上全面调控药物在生物体内分布的技术体系。其目标是在恰当的时机将适量的药物递送到正确的位置,从而增加药物的利用效率,提高疗效,降低成本,减少毒副作用。药物递送系统是医学、工学(材料、机械、电子)及药学的融合学科,其研究对象既包括药物本身,也搭载药物的载体材料、装置,还包括对药物或载体等进行物理化学改性、修饰的相关技术。

背景:骨组织工程是一种有效的骨缺损修复方案,在组织工程材料植入后的免疫反应中,巨噬细胞有着极其重要的作用,干预其不同的极化状态成为调节局部免疫微环境的关键手段。
目的:对巨噬细胞在生物材料植入后免疫反应中的重要作用及调节巨噬细胞极化水平促进骨组织工程骨修复的最新研究进行了综述。
方法:利用PubMed、Web of Science和CNKI数据库检索2016-2020年发表的相关文献。检索文献类型为研究原著和综述。英文检索词设置为:macrophage polarization,M2,scaffold,tissue engineering,foreign body response,implant,surface,bone;中文检索词设置为:巨噬细胞极化,M2,组织工程,异物反应,移植物,表面,骨。对筛选出的该领域最新研究进展的文献进行归纳分析。
结果与结论:免疫反应对组织工程有显著影响,通过调节巨噬细胞极化比例来调节免疫微环境是促进骨组织工程成骨的关键手段。通过改变材料的理化特性(如疏水性、粗糙度、表面形貌等)的方法具有稳定性好持续时间长的特点,实现了显著的成骨改善;递送药物、细胞因子或微量元素也起到了很好的效果,但该策略面临因子易变性且持续释放时间短的问题;组织工程细胞与巨噬细胞的串扰进行免疫调节,其中间充质干细胞免疫调节能力强,可以较好地实现免疫调控及促进骨修复;研究强调了利用外泌体等实现对巨噬细胞极化及免疫环境的可控调节。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6004-0459(赵月鑫) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 骨缺损, 骨组织工程, 巨噬细胞极化, 成骨, 异物反应, 骨免疫, 生物支架, 间充质干细胞

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Bone tissue engineering is an effective bone defect repair program. Macrophages play an extremely important role in the immune response after implantation of tissue engineering materials. Interfering with its different polarization states has become a key means to regulate the local immune microenvironment.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the important role of macrophages in the immune response after biomaterial implantation and the research progress in promoting osteogenesis by regulating the polarization of macrophages in bone tissue engineering. 
METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science and CNKI were used to search the related articles published from 2016 to 2020. The retrieval article types were original research works and reviews. The search terms were “macrophage polarization, M2, scaffold, tissue engineering, foreign body response, implant, surface, bone” in English, and “macrophage polarization, M2, tissue engineering, foreign body response, implant, surface, bone” in Chinese. An inductive analysis was conducted in the selected articles on the latest research progress in this field.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The immune response plays an important role in tissue engineering and the regulation of the immune microenvironment is a key means of promoting osteogenesis in tissue engineered bone. The method of altering the physicochemical properties of the material, such as hydrophobicity, roughness and surface morphology has good stability for a long duration, achieves significant osteogenic improvements. Delivery of drugs, cytokines or bioactive ions has also worked well, but suffers from short release time and susceptibility to denaturation. Another strategy is regulation by engineered cell-macrophage crosstalk, where mesenchymal stem cells are highly immunomodulatory and can achieve immune modulation and bone repair promotion. The new study highlights the important role of exosomes to achieve controllable modulation of macrophage polarization and immune environment.

Key words: bone defect, bone tissue engineering, macrophage polarization, osteogenesis, foreign body reaction, bone immunity, biological scaffold, mesenchymal stem cell

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