中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (2): 176-181.doi: 10.12307/2022.030

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

构建具核梭杆菌诱导的实验性根尖周炎小鼠模型

王佳佳,刘  杰,王  敏   

  1. 口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,四川大学华西口腔医院修复科,四川省成都市   610041
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-11 修回日期:2020-11-14 接受日期:2020-12-31 出版日期:2022-01-18 发布日期:2021-10-27
  • 通讯作者: 王敏,博士,教授,口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,四川大学华西口腔医院修复科,四川省成都市 610041
  • 作者简介:王佳佳,女,1994年生,湖北省十堰市人,汉族,四川大学在读博士,主要从事牙周疾病研究。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省重点研发项目(2020YFS0174 ),项目参与人:王佳佳;四川省重点研发项目(2019YFS0359),项目参与人:刘杰;四川省区域创新合作项目(2020YFQ0008),项目参与人:王敏

Establishing a murine model of experimental apical periodontitis induced by Fusobacterium nucleatum

Wang Jiajia, Liu Jie, Wang Min   

  1. The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2020-11-11 Revised:2020-11-14 Accepted:2020-12-31 Online:2022-01-18 Published:2021-10-27
  • Contact: Wang Min, MD, Professor, The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Wang Jiajia, MD candidate, The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Key Research & Developmental Project of Sichuan Province, No. 2020YFS0174 (to WJJ [project participant]) and 2019YFS0359 (to LJ [project participant]); Regional Innovation Cooperation Project of Sichuan Province, No. 2020YFQ0008 (to WM [project participant]) 

摘要:

文题释义:
根尖周炎是一种常见的口腔炎症性疾病,主要由微生物感染引起。病原菌感染牙髓造成牙髓炎症甚至坏死后,细菌或其毒力因子循根管系统扩散到根尖区域,引起多种炎症细胞的浸润,炎症细胞释放的大量促炎因子进一步激活破骨细胞,最终造成包括牙槽骨吸收在内的局部组织破坏。
具核梭杆菌:是一种革兰阴性专性厌氧菌,主要定植于人类口腔,其被认为是一种机会致病菌,与口腔内外的多种感染性疾病相关。具核梭杆菌是口腔根尖周感染的优势菌之一,与结直肠癌、不良妊娠结局等全身疾病的发生发展也有着密切联系。
背景:根尖周炎是常见的口腔炎症性疾病,针对该疾病的动物模型研究已经广泛开展,但模型建立方法尚不统一。
目的:建立具核梭杆菌诱导的小鼠实验性根尖周炎模型。
方法:25只BALB/c小鼠分为对照组和1,3,5,7 d实验组,每组5只,对照组小鼠不进行处理,实验组小鼠双侧下颌第一磨牙开髓后在根管内导入具核梭杆菌菌液,暂封膏封闭牙冠部,分别在术后1,3,5,7 d时收取下颌骨样本,对照组在0 d时收集下颌骨样本。Micro-CT检测根尖牙槽骨吸收情况,苏木精-伊红染色观察根尖区组织变化,抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色观察根尖区破骨细胞的表达。
结果与结论:①Micro-CT扫描结果显示,术后3 d小鼠下颌第一磨牙根尖牙周膜间隙开始增宽,7 d时出现明显的牙槽骨吸收;根尖区三维重建结果显示,与对照组比较,术后7 d根尖区骨体积分数降低,骨小梁分离度增加(P < 0.05);②苏木精-伊红染色结果显示,术后3 d根尖区观察到明显的炎细胞浸润,之后浸润范围逐渐扩大;③抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色结果显示,术后3,5,7 d根尖区破骨细胞数量持续增加;④结果表明,在根管内导入具核梭杆菌的方法成功建立了小鼠实验性根尖周炎模型,可用于进一步探究根尖周炎的病因病理及治疗手段。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4878-3513 (王佳佳) 


关键词: 根尖周炎, 具核梭杆菌, Micro-CT, 苏木精-伊红染色, 破骨细胞, 动物模型, 小鼠

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Apical periodontitis is a common oral inflammatory disease. Research on animal models for this disease has been extensively carried out, but there is yet no unified method for establishing such models.
OBJECTIVE: To establish a murine model of experimental apical periodontitis model induced by Fusobacterium nucleatum.
METHODS: Twenty-five BALB/c mice were divided into normal control group (n=5) and experimental group (n=20). Mice in the normal control group were sacrificed at 0 day to collect the lower jaws. In the experimental group, the root canal of the lower first molar was exposed followed by injection of Fusobacterium nucleatum suspension, and then the tooth crown was sealed with temporary restorative material. In the experimental group, five mice were selected at each observational time points (1, 3, 5, 7 days postoperatively), and samples of the mandible were collected accordingly. Micro-CT was performed to analyze alveolar bone resorption. The periapical tissue changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase staining was applied to detect the expression of osteoclasts. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Micro-CT scan showed that the apical periodontal space of the lower first molars began to widen at 3 days postoperatively and significant alveolar bone resorption was developed at 7 days. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the apical region showed decreased bone volume fraction and increased trabecular separation in the apical region at 7 days postoperatively (P < 0.05). Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that inflammatory cell infiltration was obviously visible in the apical region at 3 days postoperatively, and then the infiltration gradually expanded. Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase staining showed a sustained increase in the number of osteoclasts in the apical region at 3, 5, and 7 days postoperatively. To conclude, the murine model of experimental apical periodontitis can be successfully established by inoculating Fusobacterium nucleatum into the root canals, based on which, we can further explore the etiology, pathology and treatment of apical periodontitis.

Key words: apical periodontitis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Micro-CT, hematoxylin-eosin staining, osteoclast, animal model, mouse

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