中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (2): 182-189.doi: 10.12307/2022.031

• 软骨组织构建 cartilage tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

PDZ结构域蛋白1缺失促进骨关节炎软骨细胞衰老

关  鸿,张宏博,邵  焱,郭  栋,张海严,蔡道章   

  1. 南方医科大学第三附属医院,广东省广州市   510630
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-25 修回日期:2021-01-27 接受日期:2021-02-27 出版日期:2022-01-18 发布日期:2021-10-27
  • 通讯作者: 蔡道章,博士,主任医师,院长,南方医科大学第三附属医院,广东省广州市 510630
  • 作者简介:关鸿,男,1995年生,福建省莆田市人,汉族,2021年南方医科大学毕业。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81974341),项目负责人:蔡道章;广东省自然科学基金(2020A1515011062),项目负责人:张海严

PDZ domain containing 1 deficiency promotes chondrocyte senescence in osteoarthritis

Guan Hong, Zhang Hongbo, Shao Yan, Guo Dong, Zhang Haiyan, Cai Daozhang   

  1. The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2021-01-25 Revised:2021-01-27 Accepted:2021-02-27 Online:2022-01-18 Published:2021-10-27
  • Contact: Cai Daozhang, MD, Chief physician, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Guan Hong, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81974341 (to CDZ); the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, No. 2020A1515011062 (to ZHY)

摘要:

文题释义:

PDZ结构域蛋白1(PDZK1):又叫做NHERF3、PDZD1,主要分布于细胞膜上与细胞核内,属于钠(Na+)氢(H+)交换调节因子家族成员。PDZK1最初发现于肾脏近端小管的顶端刷状缘膜细胞内,该家族被证明在多种疾病和蛋白相互作用中发挥靶向和募集作用,为公认的衔接/支架蛋白家族。

细胞衰老:是指细胞在执行生命活动过程中,随着时间的推移,细胞增殖与分化能力和生理功能逐渐发生衰退的变化过程。电离辐射、氧化应激、端粒短缩、DNA 损伤等均可启动细胞衰老程序,使软骨细胞活性氧含量增加、自噬受到抑制以及蛋白质折叠异常。相对于正常软骨,骨关节炎软骨细胞表现出诸多衰老相关指标,如端粒缩短、DNA 损伤反应、活性氧分泌、β-半乳糖苷酶染色和调节细胞衰老的主要因子p16INK4a表达增加、基质金属蛋白酶聚集等。
背景:骨关节炎以关节软骨的退变为主要病理特征,作为软骨中唯一的细胞,软骨细胞的衰老是骨关节炎发病的重要机制之一。但是骨关节炎的具体发病机制目前仍未清楚,因此探索疾病过程中的分子机制和信号通路变化,希望为骨关节炎的诊断与治疗提供新的生物靶点和研究方向。
目的:探讨在骨关节炎进程中软骨PDZ结构域蛋白1(PDZ Domain Containing 1,PDZK1)对软骨细胞衰老的影响。
方法:①8 周龄C57/BL6小鼠随机分为实验组和假手术组,实验组又随机分为4,8 周2个亚组。实验组小鼠行右侧膝关节内侧半月板胫骨韧带切除,游离内侧半月板,诱导骨关节炎;假手术组小鼠则仅切开关节囊而不行内侧韧带切除和半月板游离,检测PDZK1表达量。②用Ⅱ型胶原酶消化法分离新生C57/BL6乳鼠软骨细胞并培养,用10 μg/L白细胞介素1β构建骨关节炎体外细胞模型,并利用siRNA-PDZK1敲低PDZK1,共分为未处理组、白细胞介素1β处理组(白细胞介素1β组)、siRNA-PDZK1组(si-PD组)、白细胞介素1β与siRNA-PDZK1共同刺激组   (si-PD+白细胞介素1β组)。检测软骨细胞PDZK1表达量;检测软骨细胞形成指标(如Ⅱ型胶原a1)、分解代谢指标(如基质金属蛋白酶13)以及软骨细胞衰老指标(如P16、P21、P53)。
结果与结论:①在C57/BL6骨关节炎小鼠膝关节软骨中,PDZK1表达较假手术组明显减少;②在C57/BL6乳鼠的原代软骨细胞中,通过免疫印迹实验证实,白细胞介素1β组与si-PD组的PDZK1表达量相比未处理组明显下降;si-PD组软骨细胞合成代谢指标Ⅱ型胶原a1表达量相比未处理组显著降低;si-PD+白细胞介素1β组分解代谢指标基质金属蛋白酶13表达量较白细胞介素1β组显著增加;③利用C57/BL6乳鼠的原代软骨细胞,通过实时荧光定量PCR证明,si-PD组敲低PDZK1后,细胞衰老指标P16、P21、P53表达较未处理组显著增加;④提示在骨关节炎进展中,软骨细胞中PDZK1的表达是降低的;PDZK1缺失可促进软骨细胞衰老,加重骨关节炎。所以PDZK1可能是骨关节炎发病过程中调节软骨细胞衰老的重要基因;对于PDZK1缺失促进软骨细胞衰老的机制,还需要更深入的研究。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4193-9407 (关鸿) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 骨关节炎, PDZK1, 细胞衰老, 软骨细胞, 白细胞介素1β

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis is characterized by the degeneration of articular cartilage. Senescence of chondrocytes, the only type of cells in cartilage, is one of the most important mechanisms of osteoarthritis. However, the specific pathogenesis of osteoarthritis is still unclear. Therefore, we explored the molecular mechanism and signal pathway changes in the disease process and expected to provide new biological targets and research directions for the diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of PDZ domain containing 1 (PDZK1) on chondrocyte senescence in osteoarthritis.
METHODS: (1) Eight-week-old C57 mice were randomly divided into experimental group and sham operation group. Experimental group was then randomly divided into two subgroups of 4 weeks and 8 weeks. In the experimental group, the tibia ligament of the right knee was cut off to dissociate the medial meniscus to induce osteoarthritis. In the sham operation group, only the joint capsule was cut without medial ligament resection and meniscus dissociation. The expression of PDZK1 was detected. (2) The chondrocytes from neonatal mice were isolated by collagenase type II digestion, and cultured. Subsequently, 10 μg/L interleukin-1β was used to stimulate the chondrocytes in order to establish an in vitro cell model of osteoarthritis, and the expression of PDZK1 was knocked down by siRNA-PDZK1. The cells were then divided into untreated group, interleukin 1β treatment group (IL-1β), siRNA-PDZK1 group (si-PD), interleukin 1β and siRNA-PDZK1 co-stimulation group (si-PD+IL-1β). Firstly, we detected the expression of PDZK1 in the chondrocytes. Moreover, chondrocyte formation indicators, such as type II collagen a1, the catabolism indicators, such as matrix metalloproteinase 13, and chondrocyte senescence indicators, including P16, P21, P53, were tested.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the sham operation group, the expression of PDZK1 was decreased. In the primary chondrocytes of C57/BL6 suckling mice, it was confirmed by western blot that the expression of PDZK1 was decreased significantly in the IL-1β group and si-PD group compared with the untreated group. Furthermore, the expression of type II collagen a1 was reduced markedly in the si-PD group compared with the untreated group. Additionally, the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13 in si-PD+IL-1β group was increased dramatically compared with the IL-1β group. In the primary chondrocytes of C57/BL6 suckling mice, it was confirmed by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR that after knocking down the expression of PDZK1 in the si-PD group, the expression of cell senescence indicators, including P16, P21, and P53, were increased significantly compared with the untreated group. These findings indicate that the expression of PDZK1 in chondrocytes is decreased during osteoarthritis progression. PDZK1 deficiency promotes chondrocyte senescence, and exacerbates osteoarthritis. Therefore, PDZK1 may be an important gene that regulates cellular senescence in chondrocytes during the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, and relevant mechanisms need further studies. 

Key words: osteoarthritis, PDZK1, cell senescence, chondrocytes, interleukin-1β

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