中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (33): 5307-5311.doi: 10.12307/2021.318

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

骨水泥复位V型跟骨骨折的生物力学特点

张  文1,陈  亮2,蒋臻欢2   

  1. 1苏州大学骨科研究所,江苏省苏州市   215006;2宜兴市人民医院,江苏省无锡市   214200
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-09 修回日期:2020-10-12 接受日期:2020-11-26 出版日期:2021-11-28 发布日期:2021-08-03
  • 通讯作者: 蒋臻欢,博士,副教授,副主任医师,宜兴市人民医院,江苏省无锡市 214200
  • 作者简介:张文,男,1984年生,安徽省池州市人,汉族,2010年苏州大学毕业,硕士,高级实验师,主要从事骨生物力学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省卫生国际交流项目(JSH-2018-017),项目负责人,蒋臻欢;无锡市卫健委医学重点人才项目(ZDRC018),项目负责人,蒋臻欢

Biomechanical characteristics of bone cement reduction for V-type calcaneal fractures

Zhang Wen1, Chen Liang2, Jiang Zhenhuan2   

  1. 1Orthopedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China; 2People’s Hospital of Yixing, wuxi 214200, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2020-10-09 Revised:2020-10-12 Accepted:2020-11-26 Online:2021-11-28 Published:2021-08-03
  • Contact: Jiang Zhenhuan, MD, Associate professor, Associate chief physician, People’s Hospital of Yixing, wuxi 214200, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Wen, Master, Senior experimenter, Orthopedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Jiangsu Health International Exchange Project, No. JSH-2018-017 (to JZH); the Key Medical Talents Project of Wuxi Health Commission, No. ZDRC018 (to JZH)

摘要:

文题释义:
骨水泥:化学名为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,1951年瑞典KLAER用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯作为髋关节假体固定材料;1958年聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯深入研究并推广使用,从而使骨黏固剂固定假体置换获得成功;中国1978年研制成功并应用与临床。
三维有限元分析:有限元方法可以对模型施加不同的负荷、材料属性、边界条件等并进行分析,解决了传统骨科力学研究的有创性、环境影响很大、费用高及耗时长的问题,成为研究骨科力学重要的工具。
背景:骨水泥具有良好的强度和固定作用,可起到有效骨折复位的作用。
目的:针对跟骨Ⅴ型骨折,植入不同体积聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥治疗复位,通过有限元方法分析不同体积骨水泥复位对跟骨骨折的治疗效果。
方法:选取1例正常男性青年志愿者的足踝CT图像,建立生理状态跟骨三维有限元模型,通过模拟临床跟骨Ⅴ型骨折,对模型进行切割造模成跟骨Ⅴ型骨折。对骨折模型模拟临床手术复位方法,分别注入2,3,4 mL不同体积的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥,完成3组术后有限元模型的建立。对3组模型施加相同载荷和约束,通过有限元分析计算,观察3组模型在各种载荷工况作用下的最大应力分布和最大变形情况。
结果与结论:在垂直700 N载荷作用下,整体模型的变形量和应力分布(包括松质骨、皮质骨和骨水泥)均随着骨水泥体积的增加而增大,其中4 mL体积骨水泥不论在松质骨、皮质骨和骨水泥上的应力都是最大的,应力峰值分别达到8.04,136.96,10.15 MPa。说明随着骨水泥的注入,松质骨、皮质骨和骨水泥的刚度均增加,随着注射骨水泥体积的增加,皮质骨的应力增幅减小、松质骨的增幅增加。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3521-0177 (张文) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 跟骨, Ⅴ型骨折, 有限元分析, 骨水泥, 复位

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Bone cement has good strength and fixation, which can effectively play the role of fracture reduction. 
OBJECTIVE: For V-type calcaneal fractures, the reduction was treated by implanting different volumes of polymethyl methacrylate bone cement, and the effect of different volumes of bone cement reduction on calcaneal fractures was analyzed by finite element method.
METHODS: A CT image of the foot and ankle of a normal male youth was selected to establish a three-dimensional finite element model of the calcaneal bone with physiological status. By simulating the clinical V-type calcaneal fractures, the model was cut to form a V-type calcaneal fractures. To simulate the clinical surgical reduction method for the fracture model, 2, 3 and 4 mL bone cement of different volumes were injected, respectively, to complete the establishment of the postoperative finite element model for the three groups. By applying the same load and constraint to the three groups of models, the maximum stress distribution and maximum deformation of the three groups of models under various load conditions were observed through finite element analysis and calculation. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Under the action of vertical load of 700 N, the deformation and stress distribution of the overall model (including cancellous bone, cortical bone and bone cement) increased with the increase of the volume of bone cement. Among them, the volume of 4 mL bone cement showed the largest stress on the cancellous bone, cortical bone and bone cement, with peak stresses reaching 8.04, 136.96 and 10.15 MPa respectively. It is concluded that with the injection of bone cement, the stiffness of cancellous bone, cortical bone and bone cement all increased. As the volume of bone cement increases, the stress increase of cortical bone decreases and the increase of cancellous bone increases.

Key words: bone, calcaneus, V-shaped fracture, finite element analysis, bone cement, reduction

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