中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (33): 5273-5280.doi: 10.12307/2021.313

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

有限元法分析Lenke 3型青少年特发性脊柱侧凸胸-腰椎的应力及位移变化

邬  超1,2,高明杰1,王建忠3,张云凤4,于静红4,蔡永强3,王海燕3,和雨洁3,仝  玲1,李佳伟1,高  尚3,王  星3,吴  敏5,李志军3,李筱贺3   

  1. 内蒙古医科大学,1研究生学院,3人体解剖教研室,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市   010000;2包头市中心医院影像科,内蒙古自治区包头市   014040;4内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院影像科,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市   010011;5包头医学院第一附属医院骨科,内蒙古自治区包头市   014040
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-16 修回日期:2020-11-19 接受日期:2021-02-10 出版日期:2021-11-28 发布日期:2021-08-02
  • 通讯作者: 李筱贺,博士,教授,硕士生导师,内蒙古医科大学基础医学院解剖实验室,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010110 李志军,教授,博士生导师,内蒙古医科大学基础医学院解剖实验室,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010110
  • 作者简介:邬超,男,1988年生,内蒙古自治区巴彦淖尔市人,汉族,内蒙古医科大学基础学院在读硕士,主治医师,主要从事人体解剖学、医学影像学方面的研究。 张云凤,女,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市人,汉族,2003年内蒙古医科大学毕业,副主任医师。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81460330),项目负责人:李筱贺;内蒙古自然科学基金(2020MS08124,2016MS08131),项目负责人:李筱贺;内蒙古教育厅青年科技英才项目(njyt-15-b05),项目负责人:李筱贺;内蒙自治区科技计划项目(2016),项目负责人:李筱贺;内蒙自治区科技计划项目(2019GG115),项目负责人:李志军;2020年度内蒙古自治区“草原英才”工程青年创新创业人才项目,项目负责人:李筱贺;内蒙古医科大学科技百万项目(YKD2017KJBW012),项目负责人:王海燕

Finite element analysis of stress and displacement of Lenke 3 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis thoracolumbar spine

Wu Chao1, 2, Gao Mingjie1, Wang Jianzhong3, Zhang Yunfeng4, Yu Jinghong4, Cai Yongqiang3, Wang Haiyan3, He Yujie3, Tong Ling1, Li Jiawei1, Gao Shang3, Wang Xing3, Wu Min5, Li Zhijun3, Li Xiaohe3   

  1. 1Graduate School, 3Department of Human Anatomy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Radiology, Baotou Central Hospital, Baotou 014040, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; 4Department of Imaging, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; 5Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2020-11-16 Revised:2020-11-19 Accepted:2021-02-10 Online:2021-11-28 Published:2021-08-02
  • Contact: Li Xiaohe, MD, Professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Human Anatomy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Li Zhijun, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Human Anatomy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Wu Chao, Master candidate, Attending physician, Graduate School, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; Department of Radiology, Baotou Central Hospital, Baotou 014040, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Zhang Yunfeng, Associate chief physician, Department of Imaging, Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010011, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81460330 (to LXH); Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. 2020MS08124, 2016MS08131 (to LXH); Youth Science and Technology Excellence Project of Education Department of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. njyt-15-b05 (to LXH); the Science and Technology Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous region, No. 2016 (to LXH), No. 2019GG115 (to LZJ); 2020 Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region “Prairie Talent” Project for Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship (to LXH); the Science and Technology Million Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. YKD2017KJBW012 (to WHY)

摘要:

文题释义:
Lenke 3型青少年特发性脊柱侧凸:是指在胸椎段和腰椎段都存在侧凸,且侧凸程度接近(即双主弯)的青少年患者,此年龄段患者的脊柱发育较快,脊柱结构及应力的改变进展明显,有限元生物力学分析对疾病发展及手术治疗有指导意义。
背景:青少年特发性脊柱侧凸导致脊柱结构发生改变,侧凸脊柱的应力也会发生相应变化,胸、腰椎在整个脊柱中承担了大部分的应力负荷,所以此次研究模拟分析侧凸脊柱胸-腰椎不同工况下的生物力学特点,对该疾病的病因研究非常有意义。
目的:构建青少年特发性脊柱侧凸Lenke 3型三维数字化模型,模拟分析侧弯脊柱在6种工况条件下应力及位移变化特征。
方法:选择特发性脊柱侧凸双主弯畸形青少年患者1例进行脊柱CT扫描,将扫描后CT数据以Dicom格式导入Mimics软件,根据CT灰度区分相应组织并导出为stl或者cloud点云格式,再进行去噪、铺面、平滑等处理,然后将处理好的图像传入Hypermesh软件中进行网格划分,对椎体及周围组织赋予特定的材料属性,建立青少年特发性脊柱侧凸的三维有限元模型,并模拟脊柱韧带的作用。用Abaqus & Ansys软件进行力学分析。
结果与结论:①在做屈伸、侧屈和旋转运动时,脊椎侧弯明显处(即T6、T12椎体处)、胸-腰弯交界段、腰椎段椎体应力较大,且小关节及椎弓根部位的应力相对于其他部位较大;胸弯顶椎到端椎应力逐渐减小;②在侧屈和旋转运动时,脊柱凹处部位(T6-7处于左缘、T10-11、L3-4处于右缘)的应力较大;③成功建立了Lenke 3型特发性脊柱侧凸患者的胸-腰椎三维有限元模型,模拟结果表明在不同工况条件下,特发性脊柱侧凸椎体及椎间盘的不同位置受力及位移有相应变化,研究结果可为脊柱侧凸三维矫形提供全域性和区域性的量化指标,为临床器械矫形及支具治疗提供数字化模型。
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 青少年, 特发性脊柱侧凸, Lenke 3型, 胸椎, 腰椎, 生物力学, 三维有限元分析

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Juvenile idiopathic scoliosis causes changes in spine structure, and the stress of the scoliosis spine changes accordingly. The thoracic and lumbar vertebrae bear most of the stress load throughout the spine. Thus, this study simulates and analyzes the biomechanical characteristics of the thoracolumbar spine under different working conditions, which is very meaningful for the study of the etiology of the disease.  
OBJECTIVE: To establish a Lenke type 3 three-dimensional digital model of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, to simulate and analyze the stress and displacement characteristics of scoliosis under six working conditions.
METHODS: A case of adolescent patient with idiopathic scoliosis and double main curvature deformity was selected to undergo spine CT scan. The scanned Dicom format CT data were imported into Mimics software. According to the CT gray scale, the corresponding tissues were distinguished and stl or cloud point cloud format was exported. After denoising, paving, smoothing and other processing, the processed image was transferred to Hypermesh software for meshing. Specific material properties were given to the vertebral body and surrounding tissues. A three-dimensional finite element model of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis was established to simulate the role of spinal ligaments. Finally, the mechanical analysis was performed in Abaqus & Ansys software.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) During flexion and extension, lateral flexion and rotation, the stress of vertebral body in lateral curvature (T6 and T12 vertebral body), thoracolumbar junction and lumbar vertebrae was larger, and the stress of facet joint and pedicle was larger than that of other parts. The stress from the apex to the end decreased gradually. (2) When lateral flexion and rotation motion, the stress at the concave part of the spine (T6-7 at the left margin, T10-11, and L3-4 at the right margin) was greater. (3) Three-dimensional finite element model of chest-waist segment of Lenke 3 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients was successfully established. The simulation analysis showed that the stress and displacement of the vertebral body and intervertebral disc of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis at different positions under different loading conditions changed accordingly. The results of the study may provide global and regional quantitative indicators for the three-dimensional scoliosis correction, and provide a digital model for clinical device orthopedics and brace treatment.

Key words: teenagers, idiopathic scoliosis, Lenke 3, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, biomechanics, three-dimensional finite element analysis

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