中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (35): 5638-5643.doi: 10.12307/2021.293

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

热量限制及其联合运动对肥胖大鼠减脂效果影响及鸢尾素的作用

卜建华1，2，王  祯2，刘子铭3，李  琳4，于  亮2   

  1. 1齐齐哈尔大学体育学院，黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市   161006；2北京体育大学，北京市   100084；3国家体育总局网球运动管理中心，北京市   100763；4九州职业技术学院，江苏省徐州市   221116
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-30 修回日期:2021-02-04 接受日期:2021-03-09 出版日期:2021-12-18 发布日期:2021-08-03
  • 通讯作者: 于亮，博士，副教授，博士生导师，北京体育大学运动人体科学学院，北京市 100084
  • 作者简介:卜建华，男，1977 年生，黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市人，汉族，2018 年北京体育大学毕业，硕士，讲师，主要从事运动对骨骼肌形态和机能影响的研究
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31500964)，项目负责人：于亮

Effect of calorie restriction and its combined exercise on fat reduction and irisin expression in obese rats 

Bu Jianhua1, 2, Wang Zhen2, Liu Ziming3, Li Lin4, Yu Liang2   

  1. 1School of Physical Education, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, Heilongjiang Province, China; 2Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; 3Tennis Management Center of the General Administration of Sports of China, Beijing 100763, China; 4Jiuzhou Polytechnic, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2021-01-30 Revised:2021-02-04 Accepted:2021-03-09 Online:2021-12-18 Published:2021-08-03
  • Contact: Yu Liang, MD, Associate professor, Doctoral supervisor, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
  • About author:Bu Jianhua, Master, Lecturer, School of Physical Education, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, Heilongjiang Province, China; Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 31500964 (to YL)

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摘要：

文题释义：
热量限制(CR)：饮食调控手段之一，指在机体未发生营养不良的前提下，减少每日热量摄入，一般认为减少25%左右即可达到热量限制。
鸢尾素(Irisin)：一种过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ辅激活因子1α(PGC-1α)依赖性肌肉因子，由前体含Ⅲ型纤连蛋白域蛋白5(FNDC5)剪切后产生，入血后可经循环系统作用于机体各组织、器官，鸢尾素在影响白色脂肪棕色化方面效果极佳，对于治疗肥胖等代谢疾病具有重要价值。
背景：热量限制是非常有效的减脂减重手段，是否与鸢尾素有关尚不明确。
目的：以热量限制及其联合运动为干预手段，建立高脂膳食肥胖大鼠模型，探究热量限制及其联合运动经AMPKα-PGC-1α-FNDC5通路的可能减脂机制。
方法：雄性SD大鼠进行为期8周的高脂膳食建立肥胖模型，选取其中30只随机分组：高脂组(继续高脂膳食)、热量限制组(每日给予建模期间摄食量的70%)、热量限制联合运动组(饮食方案同热量限制组，并进行有氧跑台运动，1次/d，6 d/周)，干预4周。记录体质量、体脂水平，称量比目鱼肌、脂肪湿质量，检测血清鸢尾素水平及比目鱼肌过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ辅激活因子1α、AMPKα、p-AMPKα(Thr172)、含Ⅲ型纤连蛋白域蛋白5与脂肪组织中p38 MAPK、解偶联蛋白1蛋白表达。实验方案经北京体育大学实验动物伦理委员会批准。
结果与结论：①与高脂组比较，热量限制组、热量限制联合运动组大鼠的体质量、体脂及肾周、附睾、肩胛脂肪湿质量显著降低(P < 0.05)；各组比目鱼肌湿质量差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)；②热量限制联合运动组血清鸢尾素水平高于高脂组(P < 0.05)，热量限制组、热量限制联合运动组比目鱼肌中过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ辅激活因子1α、AMPKα、p-AMPKα(Thr172)、含Ⅲ型纤连蛋白域蛋白5 蛋白表达及肾周处白色脂肪中p38 MAPK、解偶联蛋白1蛋白表达水平明显高于高脂组(P < 0.05)，其中热量限制联合运动组蛋白表达更为显著；③结果说明，4周热量摄入限制减脂减重效果明显，与运动结合减脂程度更高；热量限制联合运动可能通过AMPKα-PGC-1α通路上调骨骼肌含Ⅲ型纤连蛋白域蛋白5蛋白表达，后者被剪切为鸢尾素入血，经p38 MAPK-UCP1通路促使白色脂肪褐变，提高脂肪分解供能效率，降低机体脂肪水平。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6840-478X (卜建华)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

关键词: 肥胖, 热量限制, 运动, 减脂, 鸢尾素

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Calorie restriction is a very effective way to reduce fat and weight, but it is unclear whether it is related to irisin.
OBJECTIVE: Using calorie restriction and its combined exercise as an intervention method, to establish a high-fat diet obese rat model to explore the possible fat-reducing mechanism of calorie restriction and its combined exercise via AMPKα-PGC-1α-FNDC5 pathway. 
METHODS: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent an 8-week high-fat diet to establish an obesity model, 30 of which were randomly divided into continued high-fat diet group, calorie restriction group (70% of food intake during the modeling period was given daily), calorie restriction combined exercise group (70% of food intake during the modeling period was given daily, and aerobic treadmill exercise was performed, once a day, 6 days per week). All interventions were given for 4 weeks. Body mass and body fat content were recorded weekly, soleus muscle and fat wet weight were weighed, serum irisin level and the expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivated 1α (PGC-1α), adenosine 5-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα), p-AMPKα (Thr172), fibronectin type III domain containing protein 5 (FNDC5) in soleus muscle and p38 MAPK, and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) protein in adipose tissue were detected. An ethics approval was obtained from the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Beijing Sport University.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with continued high-fat diet group, body mass, body fat and wet weight of perinephric, epididymis, and scapular fat were significantly reduced in calorie restriction group and calorie restriction combined exercise group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the wet weight of soleus muscle among groups (P > 0.05). Serum irisin level in the calorie restriction combined exercise group was higher than that in the continued high-fat diet group (P < 0.05). Compared with the continued high-fat diet group, the expression levels of PGC-1α, AMPKα, p-AMPKα (Thr172), FNDC5 protein in soleus muscle and p38 MAPK, UCP1 in adipose tissue were significantly higher in the calorie restriction group and calorie restriction combined exercise group (P < 0.05), especially in the calorie restriction combined exercise group. To conclude, a 4-week caloric restriction can effectively reduce body mass and body fat content; calorie restriction combined with exercise shows a better effect on fat reduction and upregulate the expression of FNDC5 in skeletal muscle via AMPKα-PGC-1α pathway. FNDC5 is cut into irisin and released into the blood to promote the browning of white fat through the p38 MAPK-UCP1 pathway, which improves the efficiency of lipolysis and energy supply and reduce body fat level in the body.

Key words: obesity, calorie restriction, exercise, fat reduction, irisin

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