中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (32): 5184-5190.doi: 10.12307/2021.222

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

人体运动过程中侧切落地模式和角度对下肢运动生物力学的影响

周文星,王  琳   

  1. 上海体育学院运动科学学院,上海市  200438

  • 收稿日期:2020-09-27 修回日期:2020-09-28 接受日期:2020-11-09 出版日期:2021-11-18 发布日期:2021-07-26
  • 通讯作者: 王琳,博士,教授,上海体育学院运动科学学院,上海市 200438
  • 作者简介:周文星,女,1995年生,上海市人,汉族,上海体育学院在读硕士,主要从事运动康复研究
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(11572202) ,项目负责人:王琳

Effect of side cutting foot strike pattern and angle on the biomechanics of lower extremities

Zhou Wenxing, Wang Lin   

  1. School of Sports Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China

  • Received:2020-09-27 Revised:2020-09-28 Accepted:2020-11-09 Online:2021-11-18 Published:2021-07-26
  • Contact: Wang Lin, MD, Professor, School of Sports Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
  • About author:Zhou Wenxing, Master candidate, School of Sports Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 11572202(to WL)

摘要:

文题释义:
侧切动作:是篮球、足球、排球运动中常见的进攻动作,需要在有限的空间内快速减速,并快速地改变方向来闪避对手的防守,最后再加速进攻的过程。
落地模式:根据足初始接触地面部位的不同,可分为后足落地模式、中足落地模式、前足落地模式。后足落地模式指的是足跟初始接触地面;中足落地模式指的是跖骨和足跟同时接触地面;前足落地模式指的是跖骨初始接触地面。
背景:在体育运动中,侧切动作是最常见的进攻技术,受落地模式和角度的影响。侧切落地模式和角度的不同会增加下肢膝关节损伤的风险。
目的:阐述侧切动作中不同的落地模式和角度对下肢运动生物力学的影响。
方法:在PubMed、WOS、CNKI数据库检索2020年8月之前收录的相关研究。中文搜索词为“侧切动作;侧切角度;侧切落地模式;侧切生物力学”“变向动作”;英文检索词为“cutting maneuver;cutting maneuver angle;cutting foot strike;cutting biomechanics ”“change-of-direction”。
结果与结论:采用后足落地模式和较大的角度进行侧切时所表现出的生物力学指标特点,预示着前交叉韧带损伤风险的加大。但是目前的研究只集中于单一因素的分析,很少把落地模式和侧切的角度结合起来进行讨论,这两者在侧切动作中的交互作用,缺少明确的结论,尚无足够证据支持侧切角度增大时改变落地模式会降低下肢损伤的风险,这仍需要大量的研究进行深入论证。


关键词: 侧切动作, 侧切落地模式, 侧切角度, 运动学, 动力学, 生物力学, 运动损伤

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In sports, side cutting is the most common attacking technique, which is influenced by landing mode and angle. The different patterns and angles of side cutting during landing may increase the risk of knee injury in the lower limbs. 
OBJECTIVE: To explain the impact of different foot strike patterns and angles in side cutting on the biomechanics of the lower extremity.
METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI databases were searched for relevant studies published before August 2020. The keywords were “cutting maneuver; cutting maneuver angle; cutting foot strike; cutting biomechanics; change-of-direction” in Chinese and English, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The use of rear-foot strike patterns and larger angles for side cutting indicates an increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury. However, the current research only focuses on the analysis of foot strike patterns or larger angles alone, and rarely combines the foot strike patterns with the angle of side cutting. There is no clear conclusion about the interaction between foot strike patterns and angles in the side cutting, and there is not enough evidence to support that changing the foot strike pattern when the side cut angle increases will reduce the risk of lower extremity injury, which still requires a lot of research for in-depth demonstration.

Key words: side cutting, cutting foot strike pattern, cutting angle, kinematics, kinetics, biomechanics, sports injury

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