中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (27): 4294-4299.doi: 10.12307/2021.185

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

CT数据三维规划预测全髋关节置换假体型号及截骨的准确性与可复性

霍佳邦,赵  畅,黄广鑫,王信捷,卜聿凡,朱金健,蔡道章   

  1. 南方医科大学第三附属医院,广东省广州市   510630
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-13 修回日期:2020-11-17 接受日期:2020-12-25 出版日期:2021-09-28 发布日期:2021-04-10
  • 通讯作者: 蔡道章,博士,主任医师,南方医科大学第三附属医院,广东省广州市 510630
  • 作者简介:霍佳邦,男,1994年生,广西壮族自治区来宾市人,壮族,南方医科大学第三附属医院在读硕士,主要从事骨与软骨退行性疾病的临床研究。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省科技计划项目(2016B090916003),项目负责人:蔡道章

Accuracy and reproducibility of three-dimensional planning based on CT data for predicting prosthesis type and osteotomy in total hip arthroplasty

Huo Jiabang, Zhao Chang, Huang Guangxin, Wang Xinjie, Bu Yufan, Zhu Jinjian, Cai Daozhang    

  1. The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2020-11-13 Revised:2020-11-17 Accepted:2020-12-25 Online:2021-09-28 Published:2021-04-10
  • Contact: Cai Daozhang, MD, Chief physician, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Huo Jiabang, Master candidate, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province, No. 2016B090916003 (to CDZ)

摘要:

文题释义:
三维规划:利用患者的双髋关节DICOM格式数据,导入Mimics软件对髋关节进行分割建模,三维旋转髋关节模型可观测其畸形病变程度,然后导入3D假体模型,在已建模好的髋关节上进行模拟假体置入过程,经过反复微调最终精准规划髋臼侧及股骨侧假体类型与大小。
尖肩距:大转子尖部至股骨柄肩部的垂直距离,是精准设计股骨柄置入深度的重要参考指标,可降低术中因置入股骨柄过深引起股骨劈裂骨折的风险,还可作为术中控制双下肢等长的有效方法之一。

背景:假体型号的正确选择及生物力学的精准重建是影响全髋关节置换后功能的重要因素,精准的术前规划可以提前为术中精准重建提供信息。截骨距离与尖肩距作为股骨柄置入深度和术中控制双下肢等长的重要参考指标,术前规划测量尤为重要。
目的:利用患者双髋CT数据进行三维术前规划,评估其在全髋关节置换中的准确性与可复性。
方法:回顾性分析行初次全髋关节置换且使用生物型假体的患者50例52髋的病历资料,收集每例患者术前双髋CT薄层扫描数据,以DICOM格式导入Mimics 19.0软件进行髋关节三维建模;利用3D扫描仪扫描每个型号的假体样本,通过Geomagic Studio 2012软件进行逆向建模,建立三维PINNACLE髋臼杯、SUMMIT柄及CORAIL柄假体模型,将假体模型导入Mimics软件,在已建模好的髋关节模型上模拟假体置入,安放好假体后记录假体型号,测量股骨颈截骨距离和尖肩距。同样的,全髋关节置换术后测量实际截骨高度、尖肩距,比较三维术前规划与术后实际结果的差异,规划前后变量之间的相关性采用Pearson相关系数和偏相关系数进行确定。
结果与结论:①基于CT数据的三维术前规划预测初次全髋关节置换髋臼杯的准确率为92%,预测股骨柄的准确率为96%,杯与柄联合的准确率为94%;②术前三维规划、术后实际测量的截骨距离及尖肩距有很强的可复性(截骨距离r=0.825,P < 0.05,尖肩距r=0.862,P < 0.05);再通过偏相关系数进行分析,术前、术后截骨距离、尖肩距的相关性仍然很强(截骨距离r’=0.783,P < 0.05;尖肩距 r’=0.843,P < 0.05);截骨距离的绝对误差为(0.07±1.64) mm,尖肩距的绝对误差为(-0.24±1.58) mm;③提示基于CT数据的三维术前规划不仅预测假体型号准确性高,而且可精准重建截骨距离与尖肩距;三维术前规划在初次全髋关节置换中的可复性良好,在临床上可为术者提供参考数据,以避免术中及术后并发症的发生。
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7610-4517 (霍佳邦) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 三维术前规划, 全髋关节置换, 截骨距离, 尖肩距

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The correct choice of prosthesis size and accurate biomechanical reconstruction are important factors affecting the postoperative function of total hip arthroplasty. Accurate preoperative planning can provide information for accurate reconstruction in advance. Osteotomy distance and tip shoulder distance are important reference indexes for femoral stem implantation depth and intraoperative control of the length of both lower limbs. Preoperative planning measurement is very important.  
OBJECTIVE: To assess the accuracy and reproducibility of three-dimensional (3D) preoperative planning simulation of primary total hip arthroplasty based on hip CT data.
METHODS:  We retrospectively analyzed medical records of 50 patients (52 hips) who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty with cementless prosthesis. The data of each patient’s preoperative double hip CT thin-layer scanning were collected and imported into Mimics 19.0 software in DICOM format for 3D modeling of the hip joint. The 3D scanner was used to scan each size of prosthesis sample. The 3D PINNACLE cup, SUMMIT and CORAIL prosthesis models were established by Geomagic Studio 2012 software. The prosthesis models were imported into Mimics software to simulate prosthesis implantation on the established hip joint model. After placing the prosthesis, the prosthesis model was recorded, and the femoral neck osteotomy distance and tip shoulder distance were measured. Similarly, the osteotomy height and tip shoulder distance were measured postoperatively, and the results of 3D preoperative planning were compared with the actual results after operation. Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used to determine the correlation between variables before and after planning.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The accuracy of 3D preoperative planning based on CT data in planning the cup, the stem, combining both the cup and the stem was 92%, 96% and 94%, respectively. (2) The osteotomy distance and the tip shoulder distance before and after the operation had strong repeatability (osteotomy distance: r=0.825, P < 0.05, tip shoulder distance: r=0.862, P < 0.05). Partial correlation coefficient analysis showed that the correlation between preoperative and postoperative osteotomy distance and tip shoulder distance was still strong (osteotomy distance: r’=0.783, P < 0.05; tip shoulder distance: r’=0.843, P < 0.05). The absolute error of osteotomy distance was (0.07±1.64) mm, and the absolute error of tip shoulder distance was (-0.24±1.58) mm. (3) It is concluded that 3D preoperative planning based on CT data not only has high accuracy in predicting the size of prosthesis, but also can accurately reconstruct the osteotomy distance and tip shoulder distance. 3D preoperative planning has good reproducibility in primary total hip arthroplasty, which can provide good reference value for surgeons in clinical practice, so as to avoid intraoperative and postoperative complications.


Key words: 3D preoperative planning, total hip arthroplasty, osteotomy distance, tip shoulder distance

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