中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (4): 505-510.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1927

• 组织工程骨及软骨材料 tissue-engineered bone and cartilage materials • 上一篇    下一篇

硅网支具对前交叉韧带损伤及膝关节稳定性的影响

荆晓伟1,母应秀2   

  1. 1贵州理工学院,贵州省贵阳市  550003;2贵阳中医学院,贵州省贵阳市  550025
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-18 修回日期:2019-03-28 接受日期:2019-04-30 出版日期:2020-02-08 发布日期:2019-12-30
  • 通讯作者: Mu Yingxiu, Master, Lecturer, Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
  • 作者简介:荆晓伟,男,1988年生,山东省青岛市人,汉族,2014年贵州师范大学毕业,硕士,讲师,主要从事运动训练与运动康复。

A study on anterior cruciate ligament injury and knee stability with a silicon mesh brace

Jing Xiaowei1, Mu Yingxiu2   

  1. 1Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang 550003, Guizhou Province, China; 2Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2019-03-18 Revised:2019-03-28 Accepted:2019-04-30 Online:2020-02-08 Published:2019-12-30
  • Contact: 母应秀,硕士,讲师,贵阳中医学院,贵州省贵阳市 550025
  • About author:Jing Xiaowei, Master, Lecturer, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang 550003, Guizhou Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
硅网支具:由弹性硅网制成;相较普通支具,硅网支具的弹性网状结构可以吸收冲击并将峰值负载从膝盖痛的区域移除,减少膝关节压力,纠正髌骨轨迹,还可以减少膝关节疼痛,增强功能,提高生活质量。
膝骨关节炎:是一种以关节软骨退行性变和关节炎症为特征的慢性骨关节疾病, 主要临床表现为慢性疼痛和关节活动障碍, 严重影响患者生活质量。膝骨关节炎是由机械、遗传和环境因素引起的复杂多因素疾病, 也是关节中最常见的疾病, 许多环境因素如激素、饮食、感染、创伤、酒精摄入和接触烟草烟雾等,都会增加骨关节炎的患病风险, 年龄是其独立危险因素。

背景:在缓慢步行情况下硅网支具被证明可以改善膝关节力学,但大部分的研究缺乏运动情况下支具对膝关节影响的数据支撑。

目的:通过3个设计动作模拟快速运动过程中容易诱发膝关节损伤的跳跃、急停、旋转等因素,探索硅网支具是否可为膝关节提供稳定支撑,并为前交叉韧带损伤防护提供数据支撑。

方法:选取12名健康志愿者分别在穿戴支具和没有穿戴支具的情况下进行屈膝下蹲、单腿跳和转向跳3个动作,将反射标记放置在受试者脚、小腿、大腿和骨盆上,应用Qualisys三维运动捕捉系统获取膝关节运动学数据,比较膝关节在是否穿戴支具情况下进行运动的差异。试验方案于2018-08-08经贵州医科大学附属医院伦理委员会审核批准,批号为2018661。

结果与结论:进行各项运动时,膝关节在矢状面、冠状面和水平面的角度和角速度差异有显著性意义。穿戴支具时膝关节外翻和内旋角度均有所下降,且在单腿跳和转向跳动作中效果最为显著。穿戴支具时膝关节在水平面外旋角速度显著下降。提示穿戴支具能影响膝关节在冠状面和水平面运动力学,说明膝关节支具在动态运动过程中可以有效控制膝关节稳定性;穿戴支具可以改善膝关节峰值外翻角速度和外旋角速度的控制,有助于预防前交叉韧带损伤或帮助前交叉韧带缺陷患者。

ORCID: 0000-0002-2254-8494(荆晓伟)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 膝关节, 前交叉韧带, 运动损伤, 支具, 髌股疼痛综合征, 跑步膝, 膝骨关节炎, 髌骨

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Knee braces have been shown to improve knee mechanics in the case of slow walking, but most studies lack the data regarding the effects of a brace on knee injury in the case of lack of movement. 

OBJECTIVE: Jumping, emergency stop, rotation which easily induce knee joint injury during the rapid exercise were simulated to investigate whether silicon mesh braces can provide stable support for the knee joint and provide data support for the protection against anterior cruciate ligament injury. 

METHODS: Twelve healthy subjects were selected to perform three movements: squatting, one-leg jump and steering jump respectively with and without a brace. Reflection markers were placed on the feet, calves, thighs, and pelvis of the subjects. A Qualisys motion capture system was used to obtain kinematic data of the knee joints. Knee joint motion was compared between with and without a brace. This study was performed by Medical Ethics Committee of Guizhou College of Traditional Chinese Medicine on August 8, 2018 (approval No. 2018661).

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were significant differences in the angle and angular velocity of the knee joint among sagittal plane, coronal plane, and horizontal plane. The knee joint valgus and internal rotation angle were reduced when wearing a brace in particular in one-leg jump and steering jump. The angular velocity of horizontal surface rotation also decreased obviously when wearing a brace. These findings suggest that wearing a brace can affect the motion mechanics of the knee joint in the coronal and horizontal planes. This suggests that knee joint can effectively control the stability when wearing a brace in the process of dynamic movement, and wearing a brace can improve the control of knee peak valgus angular velocity and external rotation angular velocity, which can help effectively prevent anterior cruciate ligament injury of patients with anterior cruciate ligament defects.

Key words: knee joint, anterior cruciate ligament, sports injury, brace, chondromalacia patella, runner’s knee, knee osteoarthritis, patella

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