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    18 June 2018, Volume 22 Issue 17 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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    Roles of Rev-erb alphya and Ror alpha in osteoblastogenesis of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
    Lin Fu-wei, Xu Xiao-mei, Cui Yan, Xie Yi-jia, Zhao Qing
    2018, 22 (17):  2625-2630.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0484
    Abstract ( 261 )   PDF (753KB) ( 192 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: The orphan nuclear receptors Rev-erbα and Rorα play important roles in lipid metabolism and glucose metabolism. But it is unclear whether they are involved in bone metabolism.
    OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of Rev-erbα and Rorα during the osteoblastogenesis process of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).
    METHODS: BMSCs were isolated and purified from C57BL/6 mice by the whole bone marrow adherence method followed by morphology observations and then BMSCs were induced to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes. We detected their differentiation abilities using oil red O staining and alizarin red staining, respectively. Real-time PCR and western blot assay were conducted to detect the mRNA and protein levels of Rev-erbα and Rorα in BMSCs cultured in the osteogenic medium for 0, 7, 14 days. 
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: BMSCs from C57BL/6 mice were mainly spindle-shaped and exhibited the swirl-like pattern of growth. Following induction, oil red O staining and alizarin red staining produced a positive reaction in these cells. Rev-erbα expression at both gene and protein levels decreased at 0, 7, 14 days after osteogenic induction, while Rorα expression increased at both gene and protein levels. These findings indicate that Rev-erbα and Rorα may participate in the osteoblastogenesis of BMSCs.

     中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Optimization of the protocols for induction and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocytes: a synergistic action between transforming growth factor beta1 and insulin-like growth factor 1
    Tan Rong-bang, Chen Hong-ming, Luo Shi-guan, Li Ri-zhu, Zeng De-chuang
    2018, 22 (17):  2631-2636.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0512
    Abstract ( 317 )   PDF (727KB) ( 152 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Inducing factors are currently used as a main method for the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into chondrocytes.
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the collaborative stimulation of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) to induce the directed differentiation of BMSCs to chondrocytes, and to explore the best inductive effect.
    METHODS: Rat BMSCs were isolated, cultured and purified using adherent culture. Then, different inducing factors were added in the induction medium: TGF-β1+IGF-1 group, TGF-β1 group, IGF-1 group, and control group without growth factors. Immunofluorescence was carried out at 21 days of induction. The expression of collagen type II was evaluated by immuncytochemical staining at 7, 14 and 21 days of induction.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Immunofluorescence detection of the TGF-β1+IGF-1 and TGF-β1 groups showed highly expressed collagen type II (brown red-stained cytoplasm), while negatively expressed collagen type II in the other two groups. (2) Findings from the immuncytochemical staining showed that the expression of collagen type II was stronger in the TGF-β1+IGF-1 group than the TGF-β1 group (P < 0.01), and the expression was gradually enhanced with time. Meanwhile, there was also no expression of collagen type II in the IGF-1 and control groups. To conclude, the combination of TGF-β1 and IGF-1 can achieve the better inductive effect on the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. 

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Exosomes from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells regulate the balance of Foxp3+ Treg/Th17 in asthmatic mice
    Lin Ying, Hu Jin-zhang, Zhuansun Yong-xun, Ran Pi-xin, Chen Rui, Du Yu-mo, Lin Lin, Li Jian-guo
    2018, 22 (17):  2637-2643.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0871
    Abstract ( 410 )   PDF (984KB) ( 184 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Imbalance of Th1/Th2 immune response is an crucial pathophysiological manifestation of asthma, but recent studies have proved that asthma also has a close correlation with the imbalance of Foxp3+ Treg/Th17. Accumulating evidence indicate that the immunoregulatory capacity of mesenchymal stem cells are mainly related to exosomes secreted by the cells.
    OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell exosomes on Foxp3+ Treg cells, Th17 T cells and airway inflammation of asthmatic mice as well as cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
    METHODS: Twenty-seven BALB/c mice of SPF grade were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group, asthmatic model group, and exosomes group. Except the normal control group, each mouse in the other groups was sensitized by ovalbumin to establish asthma models. In the exosomes group, each mouse was intravenously administrated with exosomes at 21 days of sensitization. At 24 hours after the final administration of ovalbumin, the proportion of Foxp3+ Treg and Th17 in the sleep of asthmatic mice as well as the expression of CTLA-4 and PD-1 in Foxp3+ Treg cells were detected by flow cytometry. The total number of inflammatory cells, and the number of eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were counted to analyze the degree of airway inflammation in the combination with pathological observation. We also detected the expression of interleukin-4, 5, 13, 10, 17 and interferon-γ in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as well as p27kip1 in CD4+ T cells.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The proportion of Foxp3+ Treg in splenic lymphocytes and the CTLA-4 and PD-1 expression in Foxp3+ Treg were significantly higher in the exosomes group than the asthmatic model group (P < 0.01). (2) The proportion of Th17 in splenic lymphocytes was ranked as follows: asthmatic model group > exosomes group > normal control group (P < 0.01). (3) The total number of inflammatory cells and the number of eosinophils, lymphocytes, neutrophils and monocytes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were ranked as follows: asthmatic model group > exosomes group > normal control group (P < 0.01). (4) Pathological observation of the lung showed that the asthmatic mice appeared to have severest airway inflammation. However, mesenchymal stem cell exosomes could significantly alleviate the airway inflammation. (5) The detection of cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid showed that levels of interleukin 13 and interleukin 17 were significantly reduced (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), while the level of interleukin 10 increased (P < 0.01). (6) The p27kip1 expression in the CD4+ T cells was obviously higher in the exosomes group than the asthmatic model group. In conclusion, exosomes from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can reverse the imbalance of Foxp3+ Treg/Th17 and significantly inhibit the airway inflammation in asthmatic mice.

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Cesarean section has no impact on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell homing in pregnant rats
    Sha Wen-qiong, She Rui-lian, Wang Shuo-shi, Wang Qian, Xu Man, Shi Wei, Li Lan
    2018, 22 (17):  2644-2649.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0885
    Abstract ( 391 )   PDF (706KB) ( 159 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Long-term complications of cesarean section include placenta praevia, placenta accreta, cesarean scar pregnancy and uterine rupture. These life-threatening complications in pregnant women maybe result from the defects of endometrium and uterine smooth muscle as well as poorly formed decidua in the scar of cesarean section. Mesenchymal stem cells have the function of repairing tissue injuries, and the amount of cells homing to the site of injury may affect the effect of tissue repair.
    OBJECTIVE: To explore the distribution and homing of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from male rats into rat models of cesarean section.
    METHODS: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells isolated from male rats in vitro were cultured and identified. Female Wistar rats were randomized into two groups: cesarean section group and control group. Rats in the cesarean section group were given intravenous administration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from male rats via the tail vein on day 21 after cesarean section, and non-operative rats in the control groups were given the same amount of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from male rats after natural delivery. Rats in the two groups were sacrificed on days 7 and 28 after cell injection. The distribution of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from male rats in tissues (including heart, lungs, livers, kidneys, and uterine scar) was detected by measurement of the SRY mRNA level using SPY-PCR.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the cesarean section group, the SRY gene was most abundant in the lung, followed by the liver and the kidney on day 7 after injection, although the distribution of SRY gene in the heart and uterine scar was low; on day 28 after injection, the levels of SRY gene in the lung, liver and kidney decreased (P < 0.05), but had no significant changes in the heart and uterine scar (P > 0.05). In the control group, the distribution of SRY gene was similar to that in the cesarean section group on both days 7 and 28 after injection, and the levels of SRY gene in the heart and uterus were low. These findings reveal that allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells implanted mainly distribute in tissues with abundant blood flow, including lungs, livers and kidneys. And the cell number decreases gradually over time. Since the amount of implanted cells in the heart and uterus is very low, the change with time is not obvious. Cesarean section injury has no impact on the distribution of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in pregnant rats and there is of course no increase in the homing and colonization of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in a cesarean scar.

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Transferring adenovirus vector-mediated enhanced green fluorescent protein gene into rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells: effectiveness and toxicity
    Wu Cheng-cong, Rong Shu, Ren Jing, Wu Zheng, Liu Tao, Liu Ke-ting, Zhu Bo, Huang He-fei, Wang Fang
    2018, 22 (17):  2650-2655.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0515
    Abstract ( 379 )   PDF (719KB) ( 215 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: The recombinant adenovirus has certain toxic reactions to cell growth and survival, but the determination of the optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) is not well documented.
    OBJECTIVE: To study the effectiveness and toxicity of transfection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) by adenovirus vectors with different MOIs, and to explore the effect on osteogenic capability of the cells.
    METHODS: BMSCs at passage 5 were infected with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) via adenovirus vectors with different MOI (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250). Cell morphology and mortality rate were observed and calculated using trypan blue staining method at 24 hours after cell transfection. The transfection efficiency and the relative mRNA expression of EGFP and Runx2 were analyzed respectively by inverted florescent microscopy and real-time quantitative PCR at 48 hours after cell transfection. The activity of BMSCs transfected with different MOIs was evaluated by MTT, and the optimal MOI was determined thereafter.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: With the increase of MOI, BMSCs showed decreased adherent ability, and even some cells aged and died. The mortality rate of BMSCs transfected for 24 hours at a MOI of 0 to 250 was 5.80%, 6.67%, 7.95%, 7.76%, 10.35% and 11.18%, respectively, indicating that the mortality rate of BMSCs is positively correlated with the MOI. The transfection efficiency changed insignificantly when the MOI was greater than 100. On the contrary, the cellular viability and osteogenic differentiation capability of rabbit BMSCs were receded when the MOI level was up to 200-250. The study discovered that the suitable scope of MOI to transfect BMSCs is 50- 150, and the optimal MOI is 100.

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Effect of prostaglandin E1 on paracrine and migration of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
    Zeng Kuan, Zhang Lu, Deng Bao-ping, Gao Min-nan, Jiang Hui-qi, Wang Meng, Deng Yu-bin, Yang Yan-qi
    2018, 22 (17):  2656-2660.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0536
    Abstract ( 386 )   PDF (652KB) ( 170 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Currently, there are few studies about prostaglandin E1 in the paracrine and migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.
    OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of prostaglandin E1 in the paracrine and migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.
    METHODS: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells isolated from Sprague Dawley rats were cultured in vitro. Passage 3 cells were co-cultured with prostaglandin E1 at concentrations of 10 μg/L, and then culture supernatant was collected at 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after co-culture. The level of vascular endothelial growth factor was detected by enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay. Effects of prostaglandin E1 on the migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were detected by Transwell assay and cell scratch assay.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After treatment with prostaglandin E1 for 3 hours, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells began to secrete vascular endothelial growth factors, and the secretion level was peaked at 24 hours and then gradually decreased. Results from the Transwell assay and cell scratch assay showed that the migration ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was significantly promoted by prostaglandin E1 (P < 0.05). Overall findings reveal that prostaglandin E1 promotes the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and enhances cell migration. 

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cells synergistically inhibit the degeneration of inflammatory chondrocytes
    Song Zhuo-yue, Wang Yang, Lian Xiao-lei, Ding Kang, Li Guang-heng
    2018, 22 (17):  2661-2668.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0537
    Abstract ( 366 )   PDF (1010KB) ( 102 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Intra-articular injection of cells targeting to change the microenvironment in lesions can act on early osteoarthritis of inflammatory chondrocytes. Implanted cells affect the progress of the disease by the cell characteristics.
    OBJECTIVE: To explore the synergistic effect of mesenchymal stem cells from human knee adipose (ADMSCs) and synovial tissues (SDMSCs) to inhibit the degeneration of inflammatory chondrocytes.
    METHODS: ADMSCs, SDMSCs and inflammatory chondrocytes were primary cultured. Under in vitro two-dimensional culture conditions, cell proliferation assay (MTS) was performed to detect the proliferation of three kinds of cells. Differences in chondrogenic markers at mRNA and protein levels between three kinds of adherent cells were detected by quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence. Under in vitro three-dimensional mixed culture conditions, three groups were set up: (1) ADMSCs+inflammatory chondrocytes (A+C group), (2) SDMSCs+inflammatory chondrocytes (S+C group), and (3) ADMSCs-SDMSCs+inflammatory chondrocytes (A+S+C group). Alcian blue staining, safranin O staining and type II collagen immunohistochemistry staining were performed on the mixed-cultured cell mass paraffin sections followed by quantitative analysis. Chondrogenic differentiation in each group was detected by quantitative PCR. Culture supernatants were collected to detect the secretion of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Under the two-dimensional culture, the proliferative rate of ADMSCs was significantly higher than that of inflammatory chondrocytes and SDMSCs (P < 0.05). The expression of type II collagen mRNA and protein and proteoglycan protein in inflammatory chondrocytes was significantly higher than that in the other two kinds of cells (P < 0.01). Under the three-dimensional culture, the percentage of chondrogenic area per total area was significantly higher in the A+S+C group than the S+C and A+C groups (P < 0.05). The expression of type II collagen and proteoglycan was significantly higher in the A+S+C group than the S+C and A+C groups (P < 0.05). Compared with the other two groups, the S+C group showed higher levels of interleukin 1, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor α, but lower level of interleukin 10 (P < 0.05). To conclude, the combined use of ADMSCs and SDMSCs synergistically inhibits the degeneration of inflammatory chondrocytes.

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Effect of serum concentrations on differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into adipocytes
    Yang Duo, Li Na
    2018, 22 (17):  2669-2673.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0518
    Abstract ( 371 )   PDF (658KB) ( 179 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Serum concentrations in culture medium influence the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells.
    OBJECTIVE: To study the proliferation and adipogenic differentiation potential of adipose-derived stem cells under culture with different concentrations of fetal bovine serum.
    METHODS: The mouse adipose-derived stem cells were harvested from subcutaneous adipose tissue of C57 mice at 7-10 days of age. Concentrations of fetal bovine serum in the culture medium were set to 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The passage 3 cells were used for subsequent studies. The proliferation of cells cultured with different serum concentrations was tested using the cell counting kit-8 assay. The adipogenic differentiation potential of cells was evaluated with Bodipy staining. Quantitative RT-PCR and western blot assay were used to determine expression levels of Cebpa and Pparg mRNA as well as C/EBP-α and PPAR-γ protein levels.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no statistical difference in the cell proliferation among cells cultured with different serum concentrations, even though adipose-derived stem cells cultured with 20% fetal bovine serum showed lower absorbance value at 450 nm than those cultured with 5%, 10% and 15% fetal bovine serum. The expression levels of Cebpa and Pparg mRNA and C/EBP-α and PPAR-γ protein in the 5% and 10% groups were considerably higher than those of the 15% and 20% groups, and the expression levels were highest in the 10% group. To conclude, different concentrations of fetal bovine serum have no significant effects on the proliferation of adipose-derived stem cells, while the adipogenic differentiation potentials of cells are different when cultured with different serum concentrations. High serum concentration can inhibit the adipogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells.

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Silencing of SATB1 inhibits the invasion and migration of tumor stem cells in TE-1 cell line of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
    Li Xiao-lei, Xu Jun, Hu Xin, He Wen-wu, Zheng Yin-bin
    2018, 22 (17):  2674-2679.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0529
    Abstract ( 440 )   PDF (688KB) ( 187 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Recent studies have confirmed that SATB1 is related to the occurrence and development of tumors, but its mechanism in tumor metastasis is unclear.
    OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of specific interference of SATB1 gene expression on esophageal carcinoma cell line TE-1 stem cell invasion and migration.
    METHODS: p75NTR positive cells and p75NTR negative cells were isolated from human esophageal carcinoma TE-1 cell lines by immunomagnetic beads. The characteristics of p75NTR positive cells were verified by in vitro proliferation and clone formation experiments. The p75NTR positive tumor stem cells in logarithmic growth period were taken. In the transfection group, SATB1 gene siRNA was transfected into the cells by Lipofectamine 2000 liposome method. At the same time, the p75NTR positive cells transfected with empty vector were used as control. After 72 hours of transfection, the expression of SATB1 in the cells was detected by western blot. Cell migration and invasion abilities were detected by Transwell assay. Expressions of matrix metalloproteinase 2/9 at mRNA and protein levels were detected by western blot and semi-quantitative RT-PCR, respectively.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with p75NTR negative cells, the proliferation of p75NTR positive cells increased significantly after 3, 5, 7 days of culture (P < 0.05). The clone formation rate of p75NTR positive cells was significantly higher than that of p75NTR negative cells (P < 0.0.5). After 72 hours of transfection, the expression of SATB1 in the transfection group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The ability of migration and invasion in the transfection group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Expressions of matrix metalloproteinase 2/9 mRNA and protein in the transfection group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, siRNA interference with SATB1 gene can reduce the invasion and migration ability of TE-1 tumor stem cells in esophageal carcinoma cell line through down-regulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2/9.

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    miR-34a inhibits the proliferation and invasion of colon cancer stem cells by regulating SIRT1 expression
    Li He, Li Jun, Chen Xing-chao
    2018, 22 (17):  2680-2685.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0521
    Abstract ( 323 )   PDF (649KB) ( 156 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: miR-34a has an antitumor effect and can regulate the expression of multiple target genes. Therefore, it may become a new target for the treatment of tumors.
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of miR-34a and its target gene SIRT1 on the proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of colon cancer stem cells in vitro.
    METHODS: Colon cancer stem cells were enriched from human colon cancer cell line HCT116 by serum-free suspension culture. Then, the percentage of CD44+/CD133+ cells was identified by flow cytometry method. Colon cancer stem cells in transfection and control groups were transfected with artificially synthesized miR-34a mimics and negative control sequences, respectively. Cells with no transfection were used as non-transfection group. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion were detected through cell counting kit-8 assay, cell apoptosis experiment, and cell invasion experiment, respectively. The expression of SIRT1 mRNA and protein was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot analysis, respectively.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: CD44+/CD133+ cells accounted for (78.3±6.7)% of the tumor stem cells enriched in the serum-free medium. The expression of miR-34a in miR-34a transfection group was higher than that of non-transfection group and miR-34a control group (P < 0.05). Compared with the non-transfection group and the miR-34a control group, the cell proliferation ability was significantly decreased (P < 0.05), the apoptotic rate increased significantly (P < 0.05), and the number of invasion cells decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the miR-34a transfection group. The expression level of SIRT1 mRNA and protein in the miR-34a transfection group was significantly lower than that in the non-transfection group and the miR-34a control group (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that miR-34a may down-regulate the expression of SIRT1 to suppress cell growth and invasion and promote apoptosis in colon cancer stem cells.

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Exosomes from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells at passage 2 and 5: a comparative study on microRNA profiles
    Lin Qing-keng, Yin De-hong, Liu Ju-fen, Zhang Xue-juan, Bai Ying-ying, Song Yi-jia, Pan Xing-hua, Liu-Gao Mi-yang
    2018, 22 (17):  2686-2691.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0525
    Abstract ( 425 )   PDF (830KB) ( 157 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Exosomes have the function of some mesenchymal stem cells. Understanding the substance composition that plays a representative role in mesenchymal stem cell exosomes will provide clues for further exploration of synthetic exosome analogues.
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the difference of microRNA expression profiles in exosomes derived from passage 2 and 5 human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs).
    METHODS: Exosomes in the supernatant of passage 2 and 5 hUC-MSCs were extracted by ultra-high speed centrifugation. The established library was sequenced by using high-throughput sequencing technology. Then we analyzed the sequence results so as to understand the microRNA expression between different groups, and finally did a cluster analysis.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 427 657 kinds of microRNAs were detected in the exosomes from passage 2 hUC-MSCs, accounting for 68.93% of the total microRNAs detected; and 119283 microRNAs were detected in the exosomes from passage 5 hUC-MSCs, accounting for 19.22% of the total microRNAs detected. There were 73 526 microRNAs shared between the exosomes from passage 2 and passage 5 hUC-MSCs, accounting for 11.85% of the total microRNAs detected. Bioinformatics analysis (cluster analysis) results showed that these miRNAs were likely to be involved in 161 biological processes, including cell repair, immune and anti-aging. The microRNAs in exosomes from passage 2 to passage 5 hUC-MSCs were largely different. Partial miRNAs exhibited significantly reduced copy numbers. The top five microRNAs with a higher amount, including has-miR-146a-5p, has-miR-191-5p, has-miR-493-3p, has-miR-423-5p, and has-miR-134-5p, have the potential to be the component of synthetic exosome analogues.

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into neuron-like cells induced by combination of mouse nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor
    Chen Jun, Yang Zi-jin, Li Hong-mei
    2018, 22 (17):  2692-2698.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0482
    Abstract ( 255 )   PDF (852KB) ( 162 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: We have found that mouse nerve growth factor has the ability to induce differentiation of umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (UCB-MSCs) into neurons in vitro. In order to further explore the method of improving the induction efficiency of nerve cells, we attempt to combine a variety of cell growth factors for cell induction.
    OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of mouse nerve growth factor combined with brain-derived neurotrophic factor on the differentiation of UCB-MSCs into neuron-like cells in vitro.
    METHODS: After the donated primary UCB-MSCs were resuscitated and cultured, the passage 5 UCB-MSCs were divided into five groups. The first four groups served as pre-induced groups, and fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor were added to pre-induce cells for 24 hours, and mouse nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor, alone or in combination, were used thereafter to induce UCB-MSCs, while in control group, only the same amount of cell medium was added. The last group was non-pre-induced group, in which the cells were cultured in the cell culture medium for 24 hours, and then mouse nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor were both added to induce UCB-MSCs. The morphological changes of cells were observed under inverted microscope. The expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was detected by immunocytochemistry technique. Real-time qPCR was used to detect the relative expression of NSE and GFAP at mRNA level.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The cell morphology of UCB-MSCs was in long shuttle shape and spindle shape with unequal size. After induction, the cell bodies gradually retracted and became rounded, and the projections extended to one-side or multi-sides, presenting with the neuron-like changes. (2) Immunocytochemistry and real-time qPCR results showed that NSE and GFAP were positive in each experimental group, and the positive rate and mRNA expression of NSE and GFAP in the combined induction group were higher than those in the other groups. (3) Either mouse nerve growth factor or brain-derived neurotrophic factor could induce UCB-MSCs to differentiate into neuron-like cells. Moreover, there was a cumulative effect between the two cytokines, and their combined use could effectively improve the efficiency of induction.

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Intra-articular migration of transplanted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in rats with articular cartilage injury
    Sun Bai-chuan, Wang Shou-feng, Liu Xue-jian, Zhang Kai-hong, Chen Peng, Huang Shao-dai, Lu Chang-feng, Wang Chong, Yu Wen, Wang Yu, Zhang Zeng-zeng, Zhou Cheng-fu, Peng Jiang
    2018, 22 (17):  2699-2704.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0514
    Abstract ( 234 )   PDF (921KB) ( 121 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: The application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the treatment of cartilage damage has become a hot spot of research. Further studies on the distribution of MSCs in the body after injection and on the underlying mechanism of action are needed.
    OBJECTIVE: To observe the migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) after injection into the region of osteochondral defect.
    METHODS: Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into two groups (n=15 per group). In the control group, the femoral tochlear was exposed but an osteochondral defect was not made; and after the suture, PKH26-labeled BMSCs were directly injected into the articular cavity of rats. In the experimental group, a cartilage defect of 1 mm in diameter and 1 mm in depth was made in the rat femoral trochlea, and 5×106 PKH26-labeled BMSCs were injected into the defect after operation. At 1, 3 and 7 days after injection, the femoral condyle was taken to make frozen sections followed by DAPI staining. The distribution of BMSCs was observed under laser scanning confocal microscope.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the control group, PKH26-labeled BMSCs were not transferred to the subchondral bone. In the experimental group, BMSCs were detected in the subchondral bone area at 1, 3 days after injection of PKH26-BMSCs in the bone cartilage defect area, and the BMSCs were also found in the bone marrow cavity at 7 days after injection. In conclusion, BMSCs in the articular cavity cannot migrate into the subchondral bone and bone marrow cavity unless the cartilage of the femoral condyle is damaged.

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    A comparative study on biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells from two different sources
    Wang Gang, Li Dong-sheng, Guan Yu-tao, Zhu Yu-yuan, Liao Pin-fu, Xu Jun-rong, Chen Zhi-cong
    2018, 22 (17):  2705-2710.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0500
    Abstract ( 362 )   PDF (826KB) ( 244 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from different sources share many similar characteristics, they also exhibit individual properties.
    OBJECTIVE: To compare the biological characteristics of MSCs derived from umbilical cord and decidua parietalis.
    METHODS: Growth curve, cell doubling time, clone formation rate, immune phenotype, differentiation capacity and secreted cytokine levels were analyzed in MSCs derived from umbilical cord and decidua parietalis.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: MSCs from umbilical cord and the decidua basalis exhibited similar morphology, spiral growth, S-shaped growth curve, immunophenotype, and differentiation potentials to osteogenesis and adipogenesis. For two kinds of MSCs, the positive rates of CD73, CD90 and CD105 were over 95% and the positive rates of CD34 and CD45 were below 1%. The growth rate, cell doubling time and clone formation rate of umbilical cord derived MSCs at passages 2 and 5 were significantly higher than those of decidua parietalis derived MSCs at passages 2 and 5 (P < 0.05). The level of epidermal growth factor secreted from umbilical cord MSCs was significantly higher that that from decidua basalis derived MSCs, while the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and stem cell growth factor from umbilical cord derived MSCs was significantly lower those from decidua basalis derived MSCs (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that MSCs from both sources have similar biological properties, but umbilical cord derived MSCs are deemed to have better application prospects.

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    miR-146b facilitates the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells into neuron-like cells
    Li Qiang, Zhang Ming-wei, Li Jian-ming, Hu Jun-lin
    2018, 22 (17):  2711-2716.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0517
    Abstract ( 258 )   PDF (668KB) ( 271 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: To facilitate the neuronal differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is of great benefit for the repair of nerve injury and nerve regeneration.
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of miR-146b in iPSCs differentiation, and its effects on the neural differentiation of iPSCs.
    METHODS: After 7-day neural induction of mouse iPSCs, the expressions of miR-146b and pluripotent stem cell markers were detected by real-time PCR. Then, we generated miR-146b overexpressing iPSCs followed by the neural induction. The expression of stem cell and neuroectoderm markers were examined by cell immunofluorescence and real-time PCR respectively. Meanwhile, the expression of Tuj-1, a nerve cell marker, was also detected.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the normal iPSCs, the expressions of pluripotent stem cell markers Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2 were significantly down-regulated in iPSCs undergoing 7-day neural induction, while the level of miR-146b was increased obviously. In miR-146b-overexpressing iPSCs, we found that the expression of Oct4 was substantially decreased, while there were no statistical changes in the expression of Nanog and Sox2. Meanwhile, during the neural differentiation, miR-146b overexpression significantly down-regulated the expression of Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2, and up-regulated the expression of neuroectoderm markers, Nestin, Sox1 and Pax6. After 18 days of neural induction, the miR-146b overexpression significantly increased the number of Tuj-1-positive cells. Taken together, miR-146b plays a vital role in facilitating the differentiation of iPSCs into neuron-like cells.

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Optimal conditions for transfecting Wharton’s Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells with electroporation method
    Wang Ze, Li Chun-hua, Zhang Ning-kun, Gao Lian-ru, Chen Yu
    2018, 22 (17):  2717-2721.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0870
    Abstract ( 299 )   PDF (710KB) ( 287 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Wharton’s Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells are relatively primitive stem cells that are ideal vectors for gene therapy. However, there is a lack of studies on the conditions for the electrotransfection of Wharton’s Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Therefore, exploring the optimal conditions for the electrotransfection of Wharton’s Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells occupies an important position.
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of different electroporation conditions on the transfection efficiency of Wharton’s Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and to explore the optimal conditions for cell electroporation.
    METHODS: By controlling the transfection conditions such as voltage, pulse duration and cell status, EEV-EGFP plasmids were transfected into Wharton’s Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells by electroporation under different conditions. Transfection efficiency was detected by flow cytometry.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The transfection efficiency was intended to increase when the voltage ranged from 125 V to 150 V, and the maximum transfection efficiency was obtained when the voltage was 150 V. However, when the voltage was further increased to 170 V, the transfection efficiency began to decrease considerably. (2) The maximum transfection efficiency was obtained when the pulse duration was 5.0 ms, while it was certainly decreased when the pulse duration was 2.5 and 7.5 ms. (3) The transfection efficiency of the cells cultured under normoxia was higher than that under hypoxic culture. These findings reveal that normally cultured Wharton’s Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells can achieve higher electroporation efficiency via two pulse sessions at a voltage of 150 V, pulse duration of 5.0 ms, and pulse interval time of 50 ms.

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Assessing facial fat volume at 6 months after structural fat grafting
    He Jia, Zhao Xian, Han Xue-song, Dai Xiao-ming, Liu Bo-yan, Zhang Ying, Liu Liu
    2018, 22 (17):  2722-2726.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0534
    Abstract ( 306 )   PDF (641KB) ( 132 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: With the increasing pursuit of beauty, facial cosmetics have become popular, and thereupon various cosmetic methods and surgical methods have emerged. However, high costs, large trauma, slow recovery, permanent scars and even scar hypertrophy can result from these cosmetic surgeries. Transplantation is a relatively new method for facial cosmetics, and the choice of graft is crucial for cosmetic effects.
    OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the curative effect of facial rejuvenation surgery with structural fat grafting.
    METHODS: From May 2016 to May 2017, 21 cases of facial rejuvenation were selected. All subjects were assessed for donor sites and affected areas by combining various factors. Fat tissues were isolated from the donor site, and implanted into the affected area after sediment and grease removal. Patient satisfaction and the severity of facial wrinkles were scored through a survey questionnaire. At 6 months after transplantation, the number of request to replenish injections and number of complication cases were statistically recorded. The volume of facial fat tissues in the affected area was calculated before and after transplantation.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Two subjects required re-transplantation during the 6-month postoperative follow-up. Facial capacity, depression, and static patterns of all subjects were well improved after one or two autologous fat transplantations. The average satisfaction score on fat transplantation for all the subjects was 8.47±0.43. The volume of facial fat tissues at 6 months after transplantation was significantly increased compared with that before operation (P < 0.05). The postoperative severity of facial wrinkles was significantly lower than before operation (P < 0.05). Only three subjects had complications within 6 months after transplantation, including one case of infection, one of liquefaction and one of fat embolism. V-Line liquid lift with structural fat grafting can effectively improve facial relaxation, sagging and other issues, with a good upgrade of facial rejuvenation effect. 

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Co-culture with dental stem cells ameliorates neuronal apoptosis induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium
    Zhu Hong-qian
    2018, 22 (17):  2727-2732.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0524
    Abstract ( 262 )   PDF (681KB) ( 154 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: How to ameliorate neural injury by dental pulp stem cells is of clinical benefit for neurodegenerative diseases. 
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of co-culture with dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) on 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium (MPP+)-induced apoptosis of neurons.
    METHODS: Human DPSCs were isolated and identified by morphological observation, adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation. Rat midbrain neurons were isolated and co-cultured with DPSCs by Transwell. After treatment with MPP+ for 48 hours, the neurons were observed in morphology, and the effect of DPSCs on neuronal apoptosis induced by MPP+ was detected by western blot and TUNEL staining.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: DPSCs were spindle-like cells capable of differentiating into adipogenesis and osteogenesis. The apoptosis of neurons induced by MPP+ were alleviated via co-culture with DPSCs. Further detection by western blot showed that the neurons treated with MPP+ reduced the expression of Bcl-2 and promoted the expression of Bax and cleaved caspase3; however, the changes in the expression of these proteins were reduced under the co-culture system of DPSCs. All the above results reveal that DPSCs may repair or prevent neuronal injury induced by MPP+ through paracrine actions.

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Core decompression combined with autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for femoral head necrosis: a meta-analysis of safety and efficacy
    Wang Qian, Huang Guo-xin, Chen Lei, Li De-sheng, Ai Jin-wei, Pei Bin
    2018, 22 (17):  2733-2739.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0507
    Abstract ( 221 )   PDF (1076KB) ( 152 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Femoral head necrosis is a multifactorial disease, and has the youth oriented tendency. It often results in femoral head collapse and leads to total hip arthroplasty. Thus, finding a secure and effective treatment is of clinical benefits to relieve patients’ suffering and to reduce social economic burden. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation has been used in the clinical practice of femoral head necrosis. However, the conclusion remains controversial.
    OBJECTIVE: To access the safety and efficacy of the core decompression combined with autologous BMSCs transplantation in patients with femoral head necrosis by using meta-analysis approach.
    METHODS: Randomized clinical controlled trials (RCTs) which compared the therapeutic effects between core decompression combined with autologous BMSCs and core decompression were systematically retrieved from inception to June 20, 2017 in PubMed, The Cochrane Library (Issue 5, 2017), Embase, CNKI, CBM, VIP and WanFang databases. After extraction of the information and evaluation of the study quality, a meta-analysis was performed by RevMan software. 
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Eight RCTs with 323 patients (395 hips), 193 hips in BMSCs group and 202 in conventional therapeutic group, were ultimately included. The revisit time was 12-60 months. The overall quality of the trials was considered moderate-high. The results of meta-analysis show that compared with core decompression alone, autologous BMSCs transplantation combined with core decompression could alleviate the pain [Visual Analogue Scale: mean difference (MD)=-0.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) (-0.76, -0.01)], enhance the joint function [Harris score: 12 months MD=7.16, 95%CI (3.88, 10.44) and 24 months MD=11.16, 95%CI (8.32, 14.00)], decrease the rate of disease progression in radiography [odds ratio=0.23, 95%CI (0.09, 0.55)]. Although there was no statistical significance between two groups, BMSCs transplantation had trend to reduce the rate of total hip arthroplasty [risk ratio=0.44, 95%CI (0.19, 1.03)]. No obvious complications were found in the course of BMSCs therapy. Given the above, autologous BMSCs transplantation combined with core decompression is a secure and effective therapeutic method for femoral head necrosis.

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Treating glioma with umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells: mechanism of action, safety and future application
    Zhou Xin-kui, Ma Shan-shan, Liu Teng-fei, Zhou Jian-kang, Xing Qu, Huang Tuan-jie, Wang Ya-ping, Yang Bo, Guan Fang-xia
    2018, 22 (17):  2740-2746.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0530
    Abstract ( 331 )   PDF (734KB) ( 148 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) are a group of cells that have self-renewal, highly proliferative and multidrug differentiation potential. The properties of UC-MSCs and their tumor tropism make them an ideal tool for glioma cell therapy. These cells can act by paracrine or as a delivery system for genes and drugs. It has been demonstrated that UC-MSCs can inhibit the growth of glioma and improve the survival after transplantation into the brain.
    OBJECTIVE: To summarize the molecular mechanisms and safety of UC-MSCs in the treatment of glioma and to provide a useful reference for further research.
    METHODS: We searched the PubMed and CNKI databases from 2000 to 2017 with the English terms of “glioma; umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells” and the Chinese terms of “glioma; umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells; safety; molecular mechanism”. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 55 articles were finally reserved for review.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: UC-MSCs have obvious effect on treating glioma. These cells can treat glioma through homing mechanism and paracrine mechanism as gene carrier and co-culture. Moreover, UC-MSCs have certain safety in the treatment of glioma.

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Immunomodulation of mesenchymal stem cells in inflammatory microenvironment
    Zhou Dian, Yan Fei, Zhou Ze-kun, Li Chen, Liu Ou-sheng
    2018, 22 (17):  2747-2754.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0869
    Abstract ( 325 )   PDF (817KB) ( 247 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells are a kind of adult stem cells with self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation potential. These cells have the functions of immunoregulation, regulation of cell growth and repair of injury. In recent years, it has been found that when inflammatory injury occurs, mesenchymal stem cells can regulate the secretion of inflammatory factors, and function on the damaged region, thereby repairing and improving tissue damage caused by inflammation.
    OBJECTIVE: To review the immunoregulatory effects of mesenchymal stem cells on T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, dendritic cells and natural killer cells when the body is in an inflammatory state.
    METHODS: A computer-based search of PubMed and CNKI was performed for articles published from 2000 to 2018 using the keywords of “inflammatory microenvironment, mesenchymal stem cell, immune response, T cell, B cell, DC, NK cell” in English and Chinese, respectively. Seventy-six articles related to the topic and with reliable arguments were finally included in result analysis.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The interaction between mesenchymal stem cells and inflammatory cells determines the result of tissue damage repair. In an inflammatory state, the biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells will undergo certain changes, but mesenchymal stem cells can still exert immunomodulatory effects by secretion of various soluble cytokines or via cell contact. There are still many problems to be further explored to facilitate better clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells.

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Impact of oxidative stress on dental pulp stem cells: a key issue in tissue repair
    Chen Jun-ting, Zhang Jing-ying
    2018, 22 (17):  2755-2760.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0531
    Abstract ( 459 )   PDF (731KB) ( 192 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: The low success rate of dental implants under oxidative stress is one of the problems that needs to be resolved urgently. Human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs) have a high potential for multiplication, self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation. HDPSCs have achieved some success in tissue engineering for repairing tissue defects. However, with the in-depth research on oxidative stress, eliminating the adverse effect of oxidative stress on HDPSCs used in tissue engineering becomes urgent.
    OBJECTIVE: To review the application progress of HDPSCs in tissue engineering in recent years and to summarize the effects of oxidative stress on HDPSCs.
    METHODS: Using “dental pulp stem cells; oxidative stress” as the Chinese and English search terms, we retrieved CNKI and PubMed databases for relevant articles published from January 2001 to December 2017, respectively. After initial screening, 50 eligible articles were further detailed, analyzed and summarized.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: HDPSCs have the potential of multiplication, self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation. Immunoregulatory mechanism of HDPSCs is achieved through sub-secreting soluble factors and cytokines and inhibiting the upregulation of T lymphocytes and regulatory T cells, which leads to immune tolerance. Oxidative stress as an important factor affecting cell survival impedes cell proliferation and differentiation via a variety of signal transduction pathways. Current studies on the application of HDPSCs in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine for tissue defect repair are still in its infancy, and there are many problems concerning its regulatory mechanism. Further determination of the oxidative stress mechanism of HDPSCs is warranted.

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Effects of mechanical stresses on neural differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells
    Jiang Jing-yi, Fan Yu-bo, Zheng Li-sha
    2018, 22 (17):  2761-2768.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0501
    Abstract ( 503 )   PDF (770KB) ( 171 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Currently, regulation of stem cell differentiation by mechanical stresses or microenvironment has become a popular issue in the tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
    OBJECTIVE: To review the progress in the effects of mechanical stress on neural differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in the last decade, providing theoretical basis for stem cell replacement therapy in the treatment of degenerative diseases.
    METHODS: A search of Web of Science and PubMed database was done to retrieve articles addressing the effects of mechanical stresses on the neural differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. After systematical analysis and summarization, 104 articles were finally selected and analyzed.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Mechanical stimulation and extracellular physical environment factors have important influence on the neural differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from the bone marrow, adipose tissues, dental pulp and endometrium. PI3K-AKT-mTOR, Wnt/beta-catenin, Rho, MAPK signaling pathways may be involved in the mechanical stresses regulated neural differentiation. However, the clear molecular mechanism needs further studies.

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Embryonic stem cells and construction of a genetic disease model
    Qiu Jia-hui, Tan Ji-chun
    2018, 22 (17):  2769-2774.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0497
    Abstract ( 450 )   PDF (722KB) ( 173 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent stem cells that can differentiate into all cell types and propagate themselves indefinitely in vitro, which have been used widely in biological research.
    OBJECTIVE: To summarize the culture methods of embryonic stem cells in vitro, as well as the significance, methods, clinical applications of embryonic stem cells as genetic disease models.
    METHODS: Relevant articles were searched in PubMed using the key words of “embryonic stem cell, genetic diseases” which appeared in the titles and abstracts. The latest articles were preferred. Totally 43 eligible articles were obtained for result analysis.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the genetics study, embryonic stem cells have been widely used to construct monogenic and chromosome disease models, which can make up the limitations of animal and cell models. Models constructed by embryonic stem cells are conducive to the investigations on pathological processes and molecular mechanisms of genetic diseases. But there are also some ethic disputes on the use of embryonic stem cells, which need further studies.

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Stem cells in orthopedics diseases: existing problems and application prospects
    Wu Zhan-yu, Ye Chuan
    2018, 22 (17):  2775-2782.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0513
    Abstract ( 352 )   PDF (775KB) ( 424 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Treatment of orthopedics diseases is largely based on reconstruction to restore the normal structure of the human motor system. However, the human body’s ability to repair cannot meet clinical requirements for the treatment of some diseases. In order to solve the problem of tissue regeneration in life science, stem cell therapy has emerged in recent years.
    OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research progress of stem cells in orthopedics diseases.
    METHODS: A computer-based search of CNKI, WanFang and PubMed databases was performed for relevant articles concerning stem cell therapy for orthopedics diseases published from 2000 to 2017. Representative and innovative results were analyzed in result analysis.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Studies have shown that stem cells have advantages in the treatment of diseases involving the bone, cartilage, spinal cord injury, tendon and ligament injury, and degenerative disc disease. However, further investigations with large sample, long-term follow-up and higher evidence level are warranted. Meanwhile, a good understanding of the natural course of diseases is essential to better utilize stem cell therapy in clinical practice. Combination of stem cell therapy with traditional surgery can achieve better outcomes in patients.

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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    Latest advances in high-throughput cell capture and arrangement
    Hun Ting-ting, Qiu Chang-jun, Zhao Ying-tong, Zhao Feng, He Jing-wen, Sun Yan
    2018, 22 (17):  2783-2788.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0509
    Abstract ( 485 )   PDF (676KB) ( 170 )   Save

    BACKGROUND: Cells are the basic units of all life activities. In order to grasp the law of life process, it is essential to explore intercellular interactions and cell behaviors. Most current biological assays in large cell populations ignore the effects of cell heterogeneity and lose important temporal data in the process of averaging cellular responses. High-throughput single-cell capture and arrangement are of great significance to the research on cell biology. However, to date, there has no systematic study and description of the methods for cell capturing and alignment in vitro.
    OBJECTIVE: To summarize the methods of microfluidics technology, surface topographical technology and various traps based on mechanics, magnetics, and electrophoretic sorting to spatially collect single cells so as to discuss the feasibility and the latest progress of cell shape control and cell alignment.
    METHODS: The authors performed a data retrieval of PubMed and Bailianyun databases to search the articles (1995-2017) addressing the single cell capture and alignment in vitro and reviewed the literatures systematically.
    RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total 241 articles were retrieved, and 35 articles were finally involved in the analysis according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After summarizing and analyzing, the results indicated that microfluidics, micro-contact printing, micro-well arrays, micro-pore membrane, electrical stimulation and magnetic deflection are commonly used in cell capture and functional assay. With the development of micro-scale technologies and in-depth research of cell behavior, microfluidic technology and micro-contact printing technology have become a hot topic of research with certain improvement in the capture efficiency. In addition, some new materials are gradually developed and applied. Microfluidic technology has a leading advantage in cell capture rate, while the improved micro-contact printing technology mostly concerns subsequent cell spreading and alignment. Under the proper culture environment, precise cell capture and alignment are essential to guide cell spreading, fusion, and differentiation. 

    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

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