Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (14): 2267-2273.doi: 10.12307/2024.325

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Long non-coding RNA and periodontitis

Tong Tong1, Liu Chunyan2, Liu Bing3, Zhao Fei3   

  1. 1School/Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Province Clinical Medical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China; 2Department of Orthodontics, 3Department of Periodontics I, School of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2023-04-11 Accepted:2023-05-22 Online:2024-05-18 Published:2023-07-28
  • Contact: Liu Bing, Master, Chief physician, Associate professor, Department of Periodontics I, School of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Tong Tong, Master candidate, School/Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Province Clinical Medical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    2021 Government-funded Provincial Medical Excellent Talents Project, No. 361029 (to LCY); 2022 Hebei Provincial Medical Scientific Research Project, No. 20221454 (to ZF); 2019 Hebei Provincial Government-funded Clinical Medical Excellent Talents Training and Basic Topics Research Project, No. [361029(MXZB00271)] (to LB)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In recent years, numerous studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis, including the immune response process and the biological activity and function of cells (periodontal stem cells and osteoblasts). Researchers attempt to regulate periodontal inflammation and periodontal regeneration by regulating lncRNA expression levels.
OBJECTIVE: To review the progress of research on lncRNAs in periodontitis, thereby advancing the research of lncRNAs in periodontitis.
METHODS: The first author searched PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Web of Science database, and WanFang Database for relevant literature published up to March 2023. “Long non-coding RNA, lncRNA, periodontitis, periodontium, immunity, inflammation, periodontal ligament stem cells, osteoclasts, osteogenic differentiation, bone resorption, bone formation, recurrence, hypoxia, oxidative stress, static mechanical strain”were used as the Chinese search terms. “lncRNA, periodontitis, periodontal, immunity, inflammation, periodontal membrane stem cells, osteoclasts, osteogenic differentiation, bone resorption, bone formation, recurrence, hypoxia, oxidative stress, static mechanical strain” were used as the English search terms. The title and abstract of each paper were read for initial screening, and 87 papers were finally selected for inductive analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Periodontal pathogens stimulate the body, leading to immune imbalance that triggers inflammatory response and destroy periodontal tissue, and lncRNAs are involved in its regulatory mechanism. LncRNAs are involved in the pro-inflammatory regulation of periodontal ligament cells in an inflammatory environment, and their effects on osteoclast differentiation are regulated through ceRNA mechanism, which provides new clues for exploring the pathogenesis of periodontitis. For B cells and macrophages, lncRNAs can regulate the infiltration, cell activity and function of their subsets in periodontitis. LncRNAs participate in the immune response related to periodontitis mainly through two pattern recognition receptors, Toll-like receptors and NOD-like receptors, and nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway. To investigate whether lncRNAs can be used as a biomarker of periodontitis has great value in the diagnosis and prognosis of periodontitis. Animal experiments have demonstrated that the role of lncRNAs in periodontitis can be reversed by modulating the expression level of lncRNAs and thus lncRNAs act as an anti-inflammatory agent, which is of great value for the study of immunotherapy in periodontitis. The regulation of lncRNAs on periodontal ligament stem cells is mainly realized through endogenous competition mechanism and various signaling pathways, and its effects are influenced by various factors, such as inflammatory environment, mechanical strain, hypoxia and oxidative stress. Research on related mechanisms through these related factors provides new ideas for the treatment of periodontitis.

Key words: long non-coding RNA, periodontitis, periodontal ligament stem cell, osteoclast, immunity, periodontal regeneration, pathogenesis, application

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