中国组织工程研究 ›› 2014, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (38): 6200-6204.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.38.023

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

运动干预原发性骨质疏松症:不同运动方式、强度及频率对骨密度的影响

杨路昕,郭郡浩,蔡  辉   

  1. 解放军南京军区南京总医院中西医结合科,江苏省南京市  210002
  • 收稿日期:2014-08-20 出版日期:2014-09-10 发布日期:2014-09-10
  • 作者简介:杨路昕,女,1984年生,江苏省南京市人,汉族,2007年南京中医药大学毕业,技师,主要从事骨质疏松症的诊断治疗研究。

Exercise for primary osteoporosis: effects of different exercise pattern, intensity and frequency on bone mineral density

Yang Lu-xin, Guo Jun-hao, Cai Hui   

  1. Department of Integrative Medicine, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2014-08-20 Online:2014-09-10 Published:2014-09-10
  • About author:Yang Lu-xin, Technician, Department of Integrative Medicine, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China

摘要:

背景:研究证明,运动是骨质疏松症治疗的重要组成部分,适量的运动可以改善骨代谢、提高骨生物力学性能、增加骨密度。
目的:从运动对骨代谢的影响、运动对骨生物力学的影响、运动对不同年龄段人群骨密度的影响及不同运动方式、运动强度、运动时间和频率对骨质疏松症的影响等方面,就运动干预对原发性骨质疏松症的研究现状进行探讨。
方法:检索2000年1月至2014年6月PubMed数据库及维普中文科技数据库。英文检索词为“Osteoporosis;Bone Density;Bone Diseases,Metabolic;Exercise Therapy”;中文检索词为“骨质疏松症;运动干预;骨密度;骨代谢”。根据纳入标准保留33篇进一步归纳总结。
结果与结论:运动对骨代谢影响的实验提示中等强度运动刺激和雌激素都可以改善骨质疏松的发生程度,对于骨质疏松症的预防、减缓及治疗有积极意义。经过适量运动训练,大鼠去卵巢后体内骨改建的高转换状态可以得到缓解。运动对骨生物力学的影响研究显示,运动和雌激素均能显著提高大鼠股骨骨密度和骨生物力学性能,但运动能够更好地提高骨硬度和增强骨抵抗变形的能力。说明运动训练对骨质疏松大鼠的骨骼和肌肉有良好的刺激效果,肌肉的增大对骨骼质量也有良性的刺激作用。研究结果提示,参加体育活动越早,有可能获得的骨峰值越高,任何时候开始有规律的运动,对维持一定的骨量都有积极的作用。不同时期的运动作用效果不同,儿童期增加骨量,成人期获得骨量并保存骨量,老年期保存骨量减少骨丢失,因此,不同的运动方式和运动强度、频率对骨密度的影响也不同,应根据患者的实际情况,选择合适的运动方式。

关键词: 组织构建, 骨组织工程, 原发性骨质疏松症, 运动干预, 骨密度, 骨代谢

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The studies have shown that exercise is an important part of the treatment of osteoporosis, and moderate exercise can improve bone metabolism, improve the biomechanical properties of bone and increase bone density.
OBJECTIVE: From aspects of the effects of exercise on bone metabolism, bone biomechanics and bone mineral density in different age, and effects of exercise pattern, exercise intensity, exercise time and frequency on osteoporosis, to investigate the research status of exercise intervention on primary osteoporosis.
METHODS: PubMed database and VIP Chinese Science and Technology Database were retrieved for articles published from January 2000 to June 2014. The keywords were “osteoporosis; bone density; bone diseases, metabolic; exercise therapy” in English and Chinese. According to the inclusion criteria, 33 articles were further summarized.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the experiments of exercise effect on bone metabolism, the moderate-intensity exercise stimulation and estrogen can improve osteoporosis, and has positive significance for the prevention, mitigation and treatment of osteoporosis. After the appropriate amount of exercise training, in vivo bone remodeling of ovariectomized rats at high conversion status can be alleviated. Research about the effects of exercise on bone biomechanics have shown that exercise and estrogen can significantly increase bone mineral density and bone biomechanical properties of rat femur, but the exercise can better improve bone hardness and enhance the ability of bone to resist deformation. It suggests that the exercise training has a good stimulation effect on the bone and muscle in rats with osteoporosis, and increased muscle also has a good stimulating effect on the quality of bone. The results suggest that by participating in sports activities more early, higher peak bone mass may be obtained; at any time to start regular exercise has a positive effect for the maintenance of the certain bone mass. Exercises in different periods exhibit different effects, which can increase bone mass in childhood, obtain bone mass and save bone mass in adulthood, preserve bone mass and reduce bone loss in the elderly. Therefore, the effects of different exercise pattern, intensity and frequency on bone mineral density are different, and patients should choose the appropriate exercise based on the actual situation,.

Key words: osteoporosis, bone density, bone diseases, metabolic, exercise therapy

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