中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (30): 7963-7970.doi: 10.12307/2026.925

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

可降解镁合金与抗菌功能材料在骨科领域的协同效应

刘镕瑄1，阳庆林2，孙定旭1，谭宇卓1，苏军威1，王勇平3   

  1. 1海南医科大学第二临床学院，海南省海口市  570100；2贵州医科大学，贵州省贵阳市  550000；3海南医科大学第二附属医院骨科，海南省海口市  570100
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-30 修回日期:2026-04-16 出版日期:2026-10-28 发布日期:2026-09-14
  • 通讯作者: 王勇平，博士后，教授，博士生导师，海南医科大学第二附属医院骨科，海南省海口市 570100
  • 作者简介:刘镕瑄，男，2000年生，海南省临高县人，汉族，2026年海南医科大学毕业，硕士，医师，主要从事可降解镁合金、骨肉瘤、骨与关节系统感染方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81960398)，项目负责人：王勇平；甘肃省自然科学基金项目(20JR5RA369)，项目负责人：王勇平

Synergistic effects of biodegradable magnesium alloys and antibacterial functional materials in orthopedics

Liu Rongxuan¹, Yang Qinglin², Sun Dingxu¹, Tan Yuzhuo¹, Su Junwei¹, Wang Yongping³    

  1. 1Second Clinical College, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China; 2Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550000, Guizhou Province, China; 3Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China
  • Received:2026-03-30 Revised:2026-04-16 Online:2026-10-28 Published:2026-09-14
  • Contact: Wang Yongping, MD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China
  • About author:Liu Rongxuan, MS, Physician, Second Clinical College, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81960398 (to WYP); Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province, No. 20JR5RA369 (to WYP)

PDF

19

摘要：



文题释义：
可降解镁合金：指以镁为基体，通过合金化、表面改性等方式制备，在人体生理环境中可逐步腐蚀降解，力学性能与人体皮质骨相近，具备骨诱导活性，无需二次手术取出的医用金属材料。此文中该材料作为植入物基体，提供力学支撑，是协同体系的核心载体，其降解速率、生物相容性直接决定复合系统应用效果。
抗菌功能材料：指通过释放抗菌离子、干扰细菌代谢、破坏生物膜等方式，抑制或杀灭骨科常见致病菌的无机、有机及天然功能材料。此文中作为功能组分，用于赋予植入物长效抗菌活性，降低假体周围感染发生率，同时通过表面修饰、成分掺杂参与调控镁合金降解速率，解决单一抗菌材料力学薄弱、相容性不足、抗菌时效短等短板，是协同体系的功能核心。
协同效应：指可降解镁合金与抗菌功能材料复合后，通过离子协同、微环境调控、界面屏障、细胞行为调控等多机制产生的叠加增效作用。此文特指二者在骨科应用中实现3大核心协同：抗菌活性增强、降解速率精准可控、骨修复效率显著提升，从而同时解决植入物感染、降解不匹配、力学过早丧失3大临床难题，形成“抗菌-可控降解-骨再生”一体化闭环调控效果。

背景：骨科植入物相关感染与植入物降解速率不匹配是临床骨修复面临的两大核心难题，显著影响患者预后并加重医疗负担，研发兼具可控降解、长效抗菌与高效成骨的新型植入材料成为该领域迫切需求。
目的：结合近年来国内外相关研究，系统综述可降解镁合金与抗菌功能材料在骨科领域的应用现状及局限性，重点探讨了二者在抗菌、调控降解、促进骨修复等方面的协同效应及作用机制，总结了当前复合体系存在的关键问题，为该领域的进一步研究与技术转化提供理论参考与思路。
方法：计算机检索中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed、Web of Science Core Collection、Scopus、SpringerLink 数据库，检索时限为各数据库建库至2026年2月，重点纳入近10年相关文献，以“可降解镁合金、镁合金、抗菌材料、抗菌功能材料、骨科、骨修复、协同效应、植入物”为中文关键词，以“degradable magnesium alloy，magnesium alloy，antibacterial materials，antibacterial functional materials，orthopedics，bone repair，synergistic effect，implant”为英文关键词，按纳入与排除标准筛选，提取数据并进行质量评价，最终对符合标准的文献进行系统综述与归纳分析。
结果与结论：①可降解镁合金因具备与人体骨骼匹配的生物力学性能、良好的生物相容性及可降解性，无需二次手术取出，已成为新一代骨科植入物的研究热点，但其降解速率过快、力学性能过早丧失且固有抗菌活性不足的缺陷，限制了临床转化与应用；②抗菌功能材料可通过抑制或杀灭病原微生物，有效降低骨科术后感染发生率，但其单独应用时存在生物相容性不足、力学支撑能力薄弱、抗菌时效有限等问题；③近年来，将可降解镁合金与抗菌功能材料复合应用，利用二者的协同作用，既能调控可降解镁合金降解速率、维持其力学支撑性能，又能赋予骨科植入物长效抗菌活性，同时促进骨组织修复与再生，为解决骨修复中的感染与降解难题提供新路径。
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9830-8640(刘镕瑄)


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程

关键词: 可降解镁合金, 抗菌功能材料, 骨科植入物, 协同效应, 骨修复, 降解调控, 抗菌活性, 骨再生, 生物相容性

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Orthopedic implant-related infection and the mismatched degradation rate of implants are two core dilemmas in clinical bone repair, which significantly affect patient prognosis and increase medical burdens. Developing novel implant materials with controllable degradation, long-term antibacterial activity, and high-efficiency osteogenesis has become an urgent demand in this field.

OBJECTIVE: Based on relevant Chinese and English research literature in recent years, this paper systematically reviews the application status and limitations of degradable magnesium alloys and antibacterial functional materials in orthopedics, focuses on the synergistic effects and mechanisms of the two materials in antibacterial activity, degradation regulation, and bone repair promotion, summarizes the key problems of the current composite system, and provides theoretical references and ideas for further research and technological transformation in this field.
METHODS: Computer searches were performed in CNKI, WanFang, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, and SpringerLink databases from inception to February 2026, with priority given to relevant literature published in the past 10 years. The search was conducted with Chinese and English key words “degradable magnesium alloy, magnesium alloy, antibacterial materials, antibacterial functional materials, orthopedics, bone repair, synergistic effect, implant.” Literature was screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, data were extracted and quality-evaluated, and finally eligible literature was systematically reviewed and summarized.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Degradable magnesium alloys have become a research hotspot for a new generation of orthopedic implants due to their biomechanical properties matching human bone, good biocompatibility, and degradability without requiring secondary surgery for removal. However, their clinical translation and application are limited by defects such as excessively fast degradation rate, premature loss of mechanical properties, and lack of intrinsic antibacterial activity. (2) Antibacterial functional materials can effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative orthopedic infections by inhibiting or killing pathogenic microorganisms, but suffer from insufficient biocompatibility, weak mechanical support, and limited antibacterial duration when used alone. (3) In recent years, the combined application of degradable magnesium alloys and antibacterial functional materials, utilizing their synergistic effects, can not only regulate the degradation rate of degradable magnesium alloys and maintain their mechanical support performance, but also endow orthopedic implants with long-term antibacterial activity and promote bone tissue repair and regeneration, providing a new approach to solve the problems of infection and degradation in bone repair.



Key words: degradable magnesium alloy, antibacterial functional material, orthopedic implant, synergistic effect, bone repair, degradation regulation, antibacterial activity, bone regeneration, biocompatibility

中图分类号: