中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (32): 8319-8326.doi: 10.12307/2026.456

• 组织工程骨材料 tissue-engineered bone • 上一篇    下一篇

镁植入物激活整合素α10β1促进骨膜干细胞成骨分化的作用机制

杨彦军,朱  林,顾永春,言湛军   

  1. 苏州大学附属苏州九院,江苏省苏州市   215200
  • 接受日期:2026-02-05 出版日期:2026-11-18 发布日期:2026-04-23
  • 通讯作者: 言湛军,博士,主任医师,苏州大学附属苏州九院,江苏省苏州市 215200 顾永春,博士,主任医师,苏州大学附属苏州九院,江苏省苏州市 215200
  • 作者简介:杨彦军,女,1987年生,山东省聊城市人,汉族,博士,助理研究员,主要从事骨膜干细胞成骨分化研究。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省健康委-医学科研项目(Z2022082),项目负责人,杨彦军;苏州市-医疗卫生应用基础研究项目(SKJYD2021027),项目负责人:杨彦军;苏州市-民生科技项目(SYSD2018042),项目负责人:言湛军;吴江区卫健委“科教兴卫”项目(WWK202005),项目负责人:言湛军 

Mechanism by which magnesium implant-activated integrin α10β1 promotes osteogenic differentiation of periosteal stem cells

Yang Yanjun, Zhu Lin, Gu Yongchun, Yan Zhanjun   

  1. Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou 215200, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Accepted:2026-02-05 Online:2026-11-18 Published:2026-04-23
  • Contact: Yan Zhanjun, MD, Chief physician, Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou 215200, Jiangsu Province, China Gu Yongchun, MD, Chief physician, Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou 215200, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Yang Yanjun, MD, Assistant researcher, Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou 215200, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission Research Project, No. Z2022082 (to YYJ); Suzhou Basic Research Program for Medical and Health Application, No. SKJYD2021027 (to YYJ); Suzhou Municipal Livelihood Technology Program, No. SYSD2018042 (to YZJ); the Ke Jiao Xing Wei Plan of Wujiang District Health Commission, No. WWK202005 (to YZJ) 

摘要:

文题释义:
骨膜干细胞:是一类具有高增殖、迁移和成骨潜能的细胞群体,具有骨骼干细胞的关键特征,并表达与干细胞特性及四肢或骨骼系统发育相关的基因集,甚至比骨髓干细胞具有更高的再生潜能。
整合素:是一类依赖于Mg2+或Ca2+的异型细胞黏附分子。整合素是由α和β亚基通过非共价键结合形成的异源二聚体,通过介导细胞和细胞、细胞和细胞外基质之间相互识别和黏附、跨膜传递信息、激活下游基因表达等,参与和细胞形态、生长、分化、增殖和凋亡有关的多种生理过程。

背景:骨膜干细胞是镁诱导新骨形成的关键细胞群。整合素α10β1是一类依赖Mg2+的异型细胞黏附分子,Mg2+可与整合素α10β1中的MIDAS结构域结合,作为分子开关调控下游生物学过程。
目的:探究镁基植入物通过激活整合素α10β1调控骨膜干细胞成骨分化的机制。
方法:将42只C57BL/6小鼠随机分为钛棒植入组(n=21)与镁棒植入组(n=21),分别在左侧膝关节股骨髁间窝骨髓腔内植入钛棒、镁棒,术后3 d取材,Tunel染色观察植入物周围细胞凋亡情况,Edu染色观察皮质骨增厚区域细胞增殖活性;术后14 d取材,Micro-CT分析股骨皮质骨增厚成骨情况,苏木精-伊红染色观察股骨皮质骨增厚区新生骨形态结构,钙黄绿素荧光双标染色分析骨膜干细胞成骨分化情况,qPCR检测成骨标志基因Runx2、成骨细胞特异性转录因子、碱性磷酸酶、骨唾液酸蛋白以及整合素α10、整合素β1表达,Western blot检测整合素α10、整合素β1、黏着斑激酶及磷酸化黏着斑激酶蛋白表达,转录组测序分析Wnt/β-catenin、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路表达以及整合素α10β1与成骨基因表达之间的相关性。
结果与结论:①Tunel染色与Edu染色显示,钛棒周围聚集大量凋亡细胞,骨膜区域仅见少量增殖细胞,无成骨分化;镁棒周围无凋亡细 胞,骨膜增厚区域增殖细胞明显增多。②Micro-CT分析显示,钛棒未降解,镁棒降解明显,镁棒植入组皮质骨增厚成骨情况优于钛棒植入组。苏木精-伊红与钙黄绿素荧光双标染色显示,镁棒植入组皮质骨增厚成骨情况优于钛棒植入组。qPCR检测结果显示,镁棒植入组Runx2、成骨细胞特异性转录因子、碱性磷酸酶、骨唾液酸蛋白、整合素α10、整合素β1 mRNA表达高于钛棒植入组;Western blot检测结果显示,整合素α10、整合素β1、黏着斑激酶及磷酸化黏着斑激酶蛋白以及Wnt/β-catenin表达高于钛棒植入组,丝裂原活化蛋白激酶表达低于钛棒植入组。转录组测序分析显示,整合素α10β1 与Runx2、成骨细胞特异性转录因子、碱性磷酸酶、骨唾液酸蛋白表达具有显著的正相关性。③结果表明,镁基植入物通过激活整合素 α10β1-黏着斑激酶/磷酸化黏着斑激酶信号通路上调Wnt/β-catenin信号、抑制部分丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号,从而促进骨膜骨干细胞的成骨分化。
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2689-7188 (杨彦军) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 镁植入物, 整合素α10β1, 成骨分化, 骨膜干细胞, 骨再生, Wnt/β-catenin信号通路, 骨修复, 骨质疏松

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Periosteal stem cells are the key cellular population in magnesium-induced osteogenesis. Integrin α10β1 is a magnesium-dependent heterodimeric adhesion molecule. Mg²⁺ binds to the MIDAS domain of integrin α10β1, functioning as a molecular switch to regulate downstream biological processes. 
OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the mechanism by which magnesium-based implants regulate osteogenic differentiation of periosteal stem cells by activating integrin α10β1. 
METHODS: Forty-two C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a titanium rod implantation group (n=21) and a magnesium rod implantation group (n=21). Titanium rods and magnesium rods were implanted into the medullary cavity of the intercondylar fossa of the left knee joint femur, respectively. Three days post-surgery, samples were collected for TUNEL staining to observe cell apoptosis around the implants. EdU staining was utilized to observe cell proliferation activity in the cortical bone thickening area. Fourteen days post-surgery, samples were collected for Micro-CT analysis of cortical bone thickening and osteogenesis. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was applied to observe the morphology and structure of newly formed bone in the cortical bone thickening area. Calcein green fluorescent double staining was employed to analyze the osteogenic differentiation of periosteal stem cells. qPCR was used to detect the expression of osteogenic marker genes Runx2, osteoblast-specific transcription factor, alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin, and integrin α10 and integrin β1. Western blot assay was utilized to detect the expression of integrin α10, integrin β1, focal adhesion kinase and phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase proteins. Transcriptome sequencing was applied to analyze the expression of Wnt/β-catenin and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways and the correlation between integrin α10β1 and osteogenic gene expression. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) TUNEL staining and EdU staining showed a significant accumulation of apoptotic cells around the titanium rods, with only a few proliferating cells observed in the periosteum and no osteogenic differentiation. In contrast, no apoptotic cells were found around the magnesium rods, and a marked increase in proliferating cells was observed in the thickened periosteal region. (2) Micro-CT analysis revealed that the titanium rods did not degrade, while the magnesium rods showed significant degradation. The magnesium rod implantation group exhibited superior cortical bone thickening and osteogenesis compared with the titanium rod implantation group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and calcein green fluorescence double staining further confirmed that osteogenesis was more pronounced in the magnesium rod implantation group. qPCR results indicated that the mRNA expression of Runx2, osteoblast-specific transcription factors, alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin, integrin α10, and integrin β1 was higher in the magnesium rod implantation group compared with the titanium rod implantation group. Western blot results showed higher expression of integrin α10, integrin β1, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase, and Wnt/β-catenin in the magnesium rod implantation group, whereas mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) expression was lower than in the titanium rod implantation group. Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between integrin α10β1 and the expression of Runx2, osteoblast-specific transcription factors, alkaline phosphatase, and osteopontin. (3) Conclusion: The results suggest that magnesium-based implants promote osteogenic differentiation of periosteal stem cells by activating the integrin α10β1-focal adhesion kinase/phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase signaling pathway. This activation upregulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling and inhibits certain MAPK signaling pathways, thus facilitating osteogenesis.

Key words: magnesium implants, integrin α10β1, osteogenic differentiation, periosteal stem cells, bone regeneration, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, bone repair, osteoporosis

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