中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (31): 8219-8229.doi: 10.12307/2026.783
• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇 下一篇
刘津瑞,杨贤光,刘昊龙,李 黎,阮朝晖,李彦林
收稿日期:2025-09-22
接受日期:2026-02-10
出版日期:2026-11-08
发布日期:2026-05-25
通讯作者:
李彦林,博士,主任医师,教授,昆明医科大学第一附属医院运动医学科,云南省昆明市 650032
作者简介:刘津瑞,男,1998年生,广西壮族自治区藤县人,汉族,昆明医科大学医学硕士,主要从事运动医学临床与基础方向研究。
基金资助:Liu Jinrui, Yang Xianguang, Liu Haolong, Li Li, Ruan Zhaohui, Li Yanlin
Received:2025-09-22
Accepted:2026-02-10
Online:2026-11-08
Published:2026-05-25
Contact:
Li Yanlin, MD, Chief physician, Professor, Department of Sports Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
About author:Liu Jinrui, MS, Department of Sports Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
Supported by:摘要:
文题释义:
外泌体:是一种由细胞分泌的直径为30-150 nm膜性小囊泡,来源于多泡体的胞吐过程,广泛存在于血液、尿液等体液中。外泌体携带蛋白、核酸、脂质等活性分子,能参与细胞间通讯、调节免疫反应、传递信号等功能,已被广泛应用于疾病诊断、生物标志物筛选和药物递送等领域,外泌体的稳定性和靶向性使其成为再生医学与肿瘤治疗研究的热点。中图分类号:
刘津瑞, 杨贤光, 刘昊龙, 李 黎, 阮朝晖, 李彦林. 不同来源外泌体与骨关节炎:工程化技术和靶向性及药物载体功能[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(31): 8219-8229.
Liu Jinrui, Yang Xianguang, Liu Haolong, Li Li, Ruan Zhaohui, Li Yanlin. Exosomes from different sources and osteoarthritis: engineering technology, targeting, and drug carrier function[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2026, 30(31): 8219-8229.




| [1] HUNTER DJ, BIERMA-ZEINSTRA S. Osteoarthritis. Lancet. 2019;393(10182):1745-1759. [2] LOESER RF, GOLDRING SR, SCANZELLO CR, et al. Osteoarthritis: a disease of the joint as an organ. Arthritis Rheum. 2012;64(6):1697-1707. [3] PERRUCCIO AV, YOUNG JJ, WILFONG JM, et al. Osteoarthritis year in review 2023: Epidemiology & therapy. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2024;32(2): 159-165. [4] GBD 2021 OSTEOARTHRITIS COLLABORATORS. Global, regional, and national burden of osteoarthritis, 1990-2020 and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet Rheumatol. 2023; 5(9):e508-e522. [5] KATZ JN, ARANT KR, LOESER RF. Diagnosis and Treatment of Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis: A Review. JAMA. 2021;325(6):568. [6] GLYN-JONES S, PALMER AJ, AGRICOLA R, et al. Osteoarthritis. Lancet. 2015;386(9991):376-387. [7] NI Z, ZHOU S, LI S, et al. Exosomes: roles and therapeutic potential in osteoarthritis. Bone Res. 2020;8(1):25. [8] HE C, ZHENG S, LUO Y, et al. Exosome Theranostics: Biology and Translational Medicine. Theranostics. 2018;8(1):237-255. [9] ZHANG Y, BI J, HUANG J, et al. Exosome: A Review of Its Classification, Isolation Techniques, Storage, Diagnostic and Targeted Therapy Applications. Int J Nanomedicine. 2020;15:6917-6934. [10] KALLURI R, LEBLEU VS. The biology, function, and biomedical applications of exosomes. Science. 2020;367(6478):eaau6977. [11] VAN NIEL G, D’ANGELO G, RAPOSO G. Shedding light on the cell biology of extracellular vesicles. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2018;19(4):213-228. [12] KUMAR MA, BABA SK, SADIDA HQ, et al. Extracellular vesicles as tools and targets in therapy for diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2024;9(1):27. [13] WOLLERT T, HURLEY JH. Molecular mechanism of multivesicular body biogenesis by ESCRT complexes. Nature. 2010;464(7290):864-869. [14] MCKELVEY KJ, POWELL KL, ASHTON AW, et al. Exosomes: Mechanisms of Uptake. J Circ Biomark. 2015;4:7. [15] HAN QF, LI WJ, HU KS, et al. Exosome biogenesis: machinery, regulation, and therapeutic implications in cancer. Mol Cancer. 2022;21(1):207. [16] LIU C, XIA C, XIA C. Biology and function of exosomes in tumor immunotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother. 2023;169:115853. [17] CHEN A, CHEN Y, RONG X, et al. The application of exosomes in the early diagnosis and treatment of osteoarthritis. Front Pharmacol. 2023;14:1154135. [18] FAN WJ, LIU D, PAN LY, et al. Exosomes in osteoarthritis: Updated insights on pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022;10:949690. [19] MCKIERNAN J, DONOVAN MJ, O’NEILL V, et al. A Novel Urine Exosome Gene Expression Assay to Predict High-grade Prostate Cancer at Initial Biopsy. JAMA Oncol. 2016;2(7):882. [20] MCKIERNAN J, DONOVAN MJ, MARGOLIS E, et al. A Prospective Adaptive Utility Trial to Validate Performance of a Novel Urine Exosome Gene Expression Assay to Predict High-grade Prostate Cancer in Patients with Prostate-specific Antigen 2–10 ng/ml at Initial Biopsy. Eur Urol. 2018;74(6):731-738. [21] CASTELLANOS-RIZALDOS E, GRIMM DG, TADIGOTLA V, et al. Exosome-Based Detection of EGFR T790M in Plasma from Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Clin Cancer Res. 2018; 24(12):2944-2950. [22] KIM Y, SHIN S, LEE KA. Exosome-based detection of EGFR T790M in plasma and pleural fluid of prospectively enrolled non-small cell lung cancer patients after first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Cancer Cell Int. 2021;21(1):50. [23] KRUG AK, ENDERLE D, KARLOVICH C, et al. Improved EGFR mutation detection using combined exosomal RNA and circulating tumor DNA in NSCLC patient plasma. Ann Oncol. 2018; 29(3):700-706. [24] SONG JE, KIM JS, SHIN JH, et al. Role of Synovial Exosomes in Osteoclast Differentiation in Inflammatory Arthritis. Cells. 2021;10(1):120. [25] MUSTONEN AM, PALVIAINEN M, SÄISÄNEN L, et al. Tetraspanin profiles of serum extracellular vesicles reflect functional limitations and pain perception in knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2024;26(1):33. [26] KOLHE R, HUNTER M, LIU S, et al. Gender-specific differential expression of exosomal miRNA in synovial fluid of patients with osteoarthritis. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):2029. [27] JI Y, XIONG L, ZHANG G, et al. Synovial fluid exosome-derived miR-182-5p alleviates osteoarthritis by downregulating TNFAIP8 and promoting autophagy through LC3 signaling. Int Immunopharmacol. 2023;125(Pt A):111177. [28] GUO Z, WANG H, ZHAO F, et al. Exosomal circ-BRWD1 contributes to osteoarthritis development through the modulation of miR-1277/TRAF6 axis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2021;23(1):159. [29] GUAN Z, LIU Y, LUO L, et al. Sympathetic innervation induces exosomal miR-125 transfer from osteoarthritic chondrocytes, disrupting subchondral bone homeostasis and aggravating cartilage damage in aging mice. J Adv Res. 2025; 69:245-260. [30] LI B, DING T, CHEN H, et al. CircStrn3 targeting microRNA-9-5p is involved in the regulation of cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone remodelling in osteoarthritis. Bone Jt Res. 2023; 12(1):33-45. [31] ZHAO Y, XU J. Synovial fluid-derived exosomal lncRNA PCGEM1 as biomarker for the different stages of osteoarthritis. Int Orthop. 2018;42(12): 2865-2872. [32] WU S, LUO J, ZHANG X, et al. Synovia tissue-specific exosomes participate in the dual variation of the osteoarthritis microenvironment via miR-182. Exp Cell Res. 2024;436(2):113981. [33] DING Y, WANG L, WU H, et al. Exosomes derived from synovial fibroblasts under hypoxia aggravate rheumatoid arthritis by regulating Treg/Th17 balance. Exp Biol Med Maywood NJ. 2020;245(14):1177-1186. [34] KONG R, JI L, PANG Y, et al. Exosomes from osteoarthritic fibroblast-like synoviocytes promote cartilage ferroptosis and damage via delivering microRNA-19b-3p to target SLC7A11 in osteoarthritis. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1181156. [35] TANG Z, SHU L, CAO Z, et al. Osteoarthritis rat serum-derived extracellular vesicles aggravate osteoarthritis development by inducing NLRP3-mediated pyroptotic cell death and cellular inflammation. Hum Cell. 2024;37(6):1624-1637. [36] LI X, ZHOU Y, CHEN X, et al. Semi-synthetic chondroitin sulfate CS-semi5 upregulates miR-122-5p, conferring a therapeutic effect on osteoarthritis via the p38/MMP13 pathway. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2024;14(8):3528-3542. [37] GIORGINO R, ALBANO D, FUSCO S, et al. Knee Osteoarthritis: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Mesenchymal Stem Cells: What Else Is New? An Update. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(7):6405. [38] ZHANG Z, ZHAO S, SUN Z, et al. Enhancement of the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in osteoarthritis. Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2023;28(1):75. [39] YANG X, MENG Y, HAN Z, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for liver disease: full of chances and challenges. Cell Biosci. 2020;10(1):123. [40] ZHANG Y, LIU K, MA X, et al. Therapeutic Effects of Puerarin Loaded Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell‐derived Exosomes in a Rat Model of Osteoarthritis. Chem Biodivers. 2024;e202402095. [41] ZHANG S, CHUAH SJ, LAI RC, et al. MSC exosomes mediate cartilage repair by enhancing proliferation, attenuating apoptosis and modulating immune reactivity. Biomaterials. 2018; 156:16-27. [42] HE L, HE T, XING J, et al. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes protect cartilage damage and relieve knee osteoarthritis pain in a rat model of osteoarthritis. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2020;11(1):276. [43] ZHANG S, TEO KYW, CHUAH SJ, et al. MSC exosomes alleviate temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis by attenuating inflammation and restoring matrix homeostasis. Biomaterials. 2019;200:35-47. [44] CAO H, CHEN M, CUI X, et al. Cell-Free Osteoarthritis Treatment with Sustained-Release of Chondrocyte-Targeting Exosomes from Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Rejuvenate Aging Chondrocytes. ACS Nano. 2023;17(14):13358-13376. [45] ZHANG J, RONG Y, LUO C, et al. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes prevent osteoarthritis by regulating synovial macrophage polarization. Aging (Albany NY). 2020;12(24):25138-25152. [46] JIN Y, XU M, ZHU H, et al. Therapeutic effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes on osteoarthritis. J Cell Mol Med. 2021;25(19):9281-9294. [47] KWON DG, KIM MK, JEON YS, et al. State of the Art: The Immunomodulatory Role of MSCs for Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(3):1618. [48] BEI HP, HUNG PM, YEUNG HL, et al. Bone-a-Petite: Engineering Exosomes towards Bone, Osteochondral, and Cartilage Repair. Small. 2021; 17(50):e2101741. [49] COSENZA S, RUIZ M, TOUPET K, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells derived exosomes and microparticles protect cartilage and bone from degradation in osteoarthritis. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):16214. [50] WANG Y, YU D, LIU Z, et al. Exosomes from embryonic mesenchymal stem cells alleviate osteoarthritis through balancing synthesis and degradation of cartilage extracellular matrix. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2017;8(1):189. [51] TOFIÑO-VIAN M, GUILLÉN MI, PÉREZ DEL CAZ MD, et al. Extracellular Vesicles from Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Downregulate Senescence Features in Osteoarthritic Osteoblasts. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;2017:7197598. [52] CHENG S, XU X, WANG R, et al. Chondroprotective effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in osteoarthritis. J Bioenerg Biomembr. 2024;56(1):31-44. [53] ZHOU X, LIANG H, HU X, et al. BMSC-derived exosomes from congenital polydactyly tissue alleviate osteoarthritis by promoting chondrocyte proliferation. Cell Death Discov. 2020;6(1):142. [54] ZHOU L, YE H, LIU L, et al. Human Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Inhibit IL-1β-Induced Inflammation in Osteoarthritis Chondrocytes. Cell J. 2021;23(4):485-494. [55] JAMMES M, CASSÉ F, VELOT E, et al. Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Priming and Purification Method Modulate the Impact of Exosomes Derived from Equine Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on Equine Articular Chondrocytes. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(18):14169. [56] CONTENTIN R, JAMMES M, BOURDON B, et al. Bone Marrow MSC Secretome Increases Equine Articular Chondrocyte Collagen Accumulation and Their Migratory Capacities. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(10):5795. [57] CHEN X, SHI Y, XUE P, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal microRNA-136-5p inhibits chondrocyte degeneration in traumatic osteoarthritis by targeting ELF3. Arthritis Res Ther. 2020;22(1):256. [58] HUANG Y, ZHANG X, ZHAN J, et al. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal miR-206 promotes osteoblast proliferation and differentiation in osteoarthritis by reducing Elf3. J Cell Mol Med. 2021;25(16):7734-7745. [59] DONG J, LI L, FANG X, et al. Exosome-Encapsulated microRNA-127-3p Released from Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alleviates Osteoarthritis Through Regulating CDH11-Mediated Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. J Pain Res. 2021;14:297-310. [60] HU Y, LIU HX, XU D, et al. The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of miR-140-3p in BMSCs-Exosomes on Osteoarthritis. Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech. 2023;90(4):267-276. [61] TAO Y, ZHOU J, WANG Z, et al. Human bone mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomal miRNA-361-5p alleviates osteoarthritis by downregulating DDX20 and inactivating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Bioorg Chem. 2021;113:104978. [62] JIN Z, REN J, QI S. Exosomal miR-9-5p secreted by bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells alleviates osteoarthritis by inhibiting syndecan-1. Cell Tissue Res. 2020;381(1):99-114. [63] XU H, XU B. BMSC-Derived Exosomes Ameliorate Osteoarthritis by Inhibiting Pyroptosis of Cartilage via Delivering miR-326 Targeting HDAC3 and STAT1//NF-κB p65 to Chondrocytes. Mediators Inflamm. 2021;2021:9972805. [64] MAO G, HU S, ZHANG Z, et al. Exosomal miR-95-5p regulates chondrogenesis and cartilage degradation via histone deacetylase 2/8. J Cell Mol Med. 2018;22(11):5354-5366. [65] MENG F, LI Z, ZHANG Z, et al. MicroRNA-193b-3p regulates chondrogenesis and chondrocyte metabolism by targeting HDAC3. Theranostics. 2018;8(10):2862-2883. [66] YANG F, XIONG WQ, et al. Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells mediate extracellular matrix remodeling in osteoarthritis through the transport of microRNA-29a. World J Stem Cells. 2024;16(2):191-206. [67] EL-DIN SS, ABOULHODA BE, HASSOUNA A, et al. The Role of Intra-Articular Delivery of BM-MSCs-Derived Exosomes in Improving Osteoarthritis: Implication of circYAP1/miRNA-21/TLR7 Axis. Discov Med. 2024;36(186):1420-1429. [68] WANG X, LI Z, CUI Y, et al. Exosomes Isolated From Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exert a Protective Effect on Osteoarthritis via lncRNA LYRM4-AS1-GRPR-miR-6515-5p. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021;9:644380. [69] SHEN X, QIN J, WEI Z, et al. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell exosome-derived lncRNA TUC339 influences the progression of osteoarthritis by regulating synovial macrophage polarization and chondrocyte apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother. 2023;167:115488. [70] LI B, SHEN E, WU Z, et al. BMSC-Derived Exosomes Attenuate Rat Osteoarthritis by Regulating Macrophage Polarization through PINK1/Parkin Signaling Pathway. Cartilage. 2024: 19476035241245805. [71] WANG Y, HU K, LIAO C, et al. Exosomes-Shuttled lncRNA SNHG7 by Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alleviates Osteoarthritis Through Targeting miR-485-5p/FSP1 Axis-Mediated Chondrocytes Ferroptosis and Inflammation. Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2024;21(8):1203-1216. [72] LI F, XU Z, XIE Z, et al. Adipose mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes alleviate osteoarthritis by transporting microRNA -376c-3p and targeting the WNT-beta-catenin signaling axis. Apoptosis. 2023;28(3-4):362-378. [73] MENG C, NA Y, HAN C, et al. Exosomal miR-429 derived from adipose-derived stem cells ameliorated chondral injury in osteoarthritis via autophagy by targeting FEZ2. Int Immunopharmacol. 2023;120:110315. [74] ZHAO C, CHEN JY, PENG WM, et al. Exosomes from adipose derived stem cells promote chondrogenesis and suppress inflammation by upregulating miR 145 and miR 221. Mol Med Rep. 2020;21(4):1881-1889. [75] WU J, KUANG L, CHEN C, et al. miR-100-5p-abundant exosomes derived from infrapatellar fat pad MSCs protect articular cartilage and ameliorate gait abnormalities via inhibition of mTOR in osteoarthritis. Biomaterials. 2019;206: 87-100. [76] 康俊峰,揭立士,伏厚宇,等.膝痹宁Ⅱ联合脂肪干细胞外泌体调控线粒体自噬改善膝OA的机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2024,30(11): 111-119. [77] LONG L, ZOU G, CHENG Y, et al. MATN3 delivered by exosome from synovial mesenchymal stem cells relieves knee osteoarthritis: Evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies. J Orthop Translat. 2023;41: 20-32. [78] KONG R, GAO J, ZHANG J, et al. Synovial mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal miR-320c enhances chondrogenesis by targeting ADAM19. Future Med Chem. 2022;14(2):81-96. [79] KONG R, ZHANG J, JI L, et al. Synovial mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal microRNA-320c facilitates cartilage damage repair by targeting ADAM19-dependent Wnt signalling in osteoarthritis rats. Inflammopharmacology. 2023;31(2):915-926. [80] QIU M, LIU D, FU Q. MiR-129-5p shuttled by human synovial mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes relieves IL-1β induced osteoarthritis via targeting HMGB1. Life Sci. 2021;269:118987. [81] QIU M, XIE Y, TAN G, et al. Synovial mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal miR-485-3p relieves cartilage damage in osteoarthritis by targeting the NRP1-mediated PI3K/Akt pathway: Exosomal miR-485-3p relieves cartilage damage. Heliyon. 2024;10(2):e24042. [82] 王智超, 张雪, 张小飞,等.基于转录组测序探讨金天格胶囊调控滑膜间充质干细胞外泌体miRNA和关节软骨细胞mRNA治疗大鼠OA的作用机制[J].中国现代应用药学,2024, 41(11):1464-1475. [83] WANG S, JIANG W, LV S, et al. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes exert anti-inflammatory effects on osteoarthritis chondrocytes. Aging (Albany NY). 2023;15(18):9544-9560. [84] LI P, LV S, JIANG W, et al. Exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells protect cartilage and regulate the polarization of macrophages in osteoarthritis. Ann Transl Med. 2022;10(18):976. [85] YANG H, ZHOU Y, YING B, et al. Effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in the rat osteoarthritis models. Stem Cells Transl Med. 2024;13(8):803-811. [86] LI X, WANG Y, CAI Z, et al. Exosomes from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells inhibit ROS production and cell apoptosis in human articular chondrocytes via the miR-100-5p/NOX4 axis. Cell Biol Int. 2021;45(10):2096-2106. [87] ZHOU H, SHEN X, YAN C, et al. Extracellular vesicles derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells alleviate osteoarthritis of the knee in mice model by interacting with METTL3 to reduce m6A of NLRP3 in macrophage. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2022;13(1):322. [88] YANG Q, YAO Y, ZHAO D, et al. LncRNA H19 secreted by umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells through microRNA-29a-3p/FOS axis for central sensitization of pain in advanced osteoarthritis. Am J Transl Res. 2021;13(3):1245-1256. [89] ZHANG S, CHU WC, LAI RC, et al. Exosomes derived from human embryonic mesenchymal stem cells promote osteochondral regeneration. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2016;24(12):2135-2140. [90] HUANG C, ZHAO Y, LIN S, et al. Characterization of human placenta-derived exosome (pExo) as a potential osteoarthritis disease modifying therapeutic. Arthritis Res Ther. 2023;25(1):229. [91] FOTOUHI A, HOSSEINI M, AGHEBATI-MALEKI A, et al. The Impact of Wharton’s Jelly-derived Exosomes on the Production of Inflammatory Mediators from HIG-82 Synoviocytes. Iran J Immunol. 2024;21(3):243-254. [92] ZHU Y, WANG Y, ZHAO B, et al. Comparison of exosomes secreted by induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells and synovial membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2017;8(1):64. [93] FU Y, CUI S, ZHOU Y, et al. Dental Pulp Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Alleviate Mice Knee Osteoarthritis by Inhibiting TRPV4-Mediated Osteoclast Activation. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(5): 4926. [94] LUO P, JIANG C, JI P, et al. Exosomes of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth as an anti-inflammatory agent in temporomandibular joint chondrocytes via miR-100-5p/mTOR. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2019;10(1):216. [95] LIN CY, NARUPHONTJIRAKUL P, HUANG TY, et al. The Exosomes of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Suppress Inflammation in Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25(16):8560. [96] ZHANG FX, DOU Y, ZHANG B, et al. Skeletal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Promote Meniscal Tear Healing and Ameliorate Secondary Osteoarthritis. Am J Sports Med. 2024;52(10):2512-2523. [97] WANG Y, HE SH, LIANG X, et al. ATF4-modified serum exosomes derived from osteoarthritic mice inhibit osteoarthritis by inducing autophagy. IUBMB Life. 2021;73(1):146-158. [98] ZHANG Y, WANG X, CHEN J, et al. Exosomes derived from platelet-rich plasma administration in site mediate cartilage protection in subtalar osteoarthritis. J Nanobiotechnology. 2022; 20(1):56. [99] LIU X, WANG L, MA C, et al. Exosomes derived from platelet-rich plasma present a novel potential in alleviating knee osteoarthritis by promoting proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis of chondrocyte via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. J Orthop Surg Res. 2019;14(1):470. [100] DA-WA ZX, JUN M, CHAO-ZHENG L, et al. Exosomes Derived from M2 Macrophages Exert a Therapeutic Effect via Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in Rats with Knee Osteoarthritic. Biomed Res Int. 2021;2021:7218067. [101] QIAN Y, CHU G, ZHANG L, et al. M2 macrophage-derived exosomal miR-26b-5p regulates macrophage polarization and chondrocyte hypertrophy by targeting TLR3 and COL10A1 to alleviate osteoarthritis. J Nanobiotechnology. 2024;22(1):72. [102] JIA H, DUAN L, YU P, et al. Digoxin ameliorates joint inflammatory microenvironment by downregulating synovial macrophage M1-like-polarization and its-derived exosomal miR-146b-5p/Usp3&Sox5 axis. Int Immunopharmacol. 2022;111:109135. [103] SI W, WEI H, CHEN W, et al. Exosomal microRNA-363 mediates the destructive effect of M1 macrophages on chondrocytes by repressing G3BP2. Exp Cell Res. 2024;442(2):114276. [104] LIU Z, CAO J, ZHANG L, et al. Knockdown of circ-PRKCH alleviates IL-1β-treated chondrocyte cell phenotypic changes through modulating miR-502-5p/ADAMTS5 axis. Autoimmunity. 2022;55(3):179-191. [105] WANG R, JIANG W, ZHANG L, et al. Intra-articular delivery of extracellular vesicles secreted by chondrogenic progenitor cells from MRL/MpJ superhealer mice enhances articular cartilage repair in a mouse injury model. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2020;11(1):93. [106] XU W, ZHANG Y, LI L, et al. Osteocyte-derived exosomes regulate the DLX2/wnt pathway to alleviate osteoarthritis by mediating cartilage repair. Autoimmunity. 2024;57(1):2364686. [107] LAI C, LIAO B, PENG S, et al. Synovial fibroblast-miR-214-3p-derived exosomes inhibit inflammation and degeneration of cartilage tissues of osteoarthritis rats. Mol Cell Biochem. 2023;478(3):637-649. [108] LIU Y, ZENG Y, SI HB, et al. Exosomes Derived From Human Urine-Derived Stem Cells Overexpressing miR-140-5p Alleviate Knee Osteoarthritis Through Downregulation of VEGFA in a Rat Model. Am J Sports Med. 2022;50(4):1088-1105. [109] LEI J, JIANG X, LI W, et al. Exosomes from antler stem cells alleviate mesenchymal stem cell senescence and osteoarthritis. Protein Cell. 2022;13(3):220-226. [110] CHEUNG KCP, JIAO M, XINGXUAN C, et al. Extracellular vesicles derived from host and gut microbiota as promising nanocarriers for targeted therapy in osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Front Pharmacol. 2023;13:1051134. [111] LIU Y, NIE M, LI X, et al. Garlic-derived Exosomes Alleviate Osteoarthritis Through Inhibiting the MAPK Signaling Pathway. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2025;197(1):518-533. [112] DUAN L, XU X, XU L, et al. Exosome-Mediated Drug Delivery for Cell-Free Therapy of Osteoarthritis. Curr Med Chem. 2021;28(31):6458-6483. [113] LIANG Y, DUAN L, LU J, et al. Engineering exosomes for targeted drug delivery. Theranostics. 2021;11(7):3183-3195. [114] SADEGHI S, TEHRANI FR, TAHMASEBI S, et al. Exosome engineering in cell therapy and drug delivery. Inflammopharmacology. 2023;31(1): 145-169. [115] LEE SY, LEE JW. 3D Spheroid Cultures of Stem Cells and Exosome Applications for Cartilage Repair. Life (Basel). 2022;12(7):939. [116] DUAN L, LI X, XU X, et al. Large-scale Preparation of Synovial Fluid Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes by 3D Bioreactor Culture. J Vis Exp. 2022;(185). doi: 10.3791/62221. [117] SAKAMOTO T, FUKU A, HORIE T, et al. A novel cell source for therapy of knee osteoarthritis using atelocollagen microsphere-adhered adipose-derived stem cells: Impact of synovial fluid exposure on cell activity. Regen Ther. 2024;27: 408-418. [118] ZHANG Y, QI G, YAN Y, et al. Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells pretreated with decellularized extracellular matrix enhance the alleviation of osteoarthritis through miR-3473b/phosphatase and tensin homolog axis. J Gene Med. 2023;25(8):e3510. [119] PFEIFER JPH, STIEVANI FC, FERNANDES CJDC, et al. Influence of inflammation on the expression of microRNA-140 in extracellular vesicles from 2D and 3D culture models of synovial-membrane-derived stem cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2024; 12:1416694. [120] HAN Y, REN J, BAI Y, et al. Exosomes from hypoxia-treated human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells enhance angiogenesis through VEGF/VEGF-R. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2019;109:59-68. [121] ZHAO J, SUN Y, SHENG X, et al. Hypoxia-treated adipose mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes attenuate lumbar facet joint osteoarthritis. Mol Med. 2023;29(1):120. [122] XIA P, WANG Q, SONG J, et al. Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Enhances the Efficacy of Bone Marrow-Derived MSCs in Osteoarthritis Cartilage Repair by Regulating Autophagy-Mediated Exosome Release. Cartilage. 2022;13(2):19476035221093060. [123] 徐扬,王谦,汪香秀,等.脉冲电磁场调控间充质干细胞外泌体抑制软骨细胞凋亡的研究[J].生物医学工程学杂志,2023,40(1):95-103. [124] YANG YH, WEN CS, KUO YL, et al. GuiLu-ErXian Glue extract promotes mesenchymal stem cells (MSC)-Induced chondrogenesis via exosomes release and delays aging in the MSC senescence process. J Ethnopharmacol. 2023;317:116784. [125] CAI J, XU J, YE Z, et al. Exosomes Derived From Kartogenin-Preconditioned Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Cartilage Formation and Collagen Maturation for Enthesis Regeneration in a Rat Model of Chronic Rotator Cuff Tear. Am J Sports Med. 2023;51(5):1267-1276. [126] LOU C, JIANG H, LIN Z, et al. MiR-146b-5p enriched bioinspired exosomes derived from fucoidan-directed induction mesenchymal stem cells protect chondrocytes in osteoarthritis by targeting TRAF6. J Nanobiotechnology. 2023;21(1):486. [127] QIU B, XU X, YI P, et al. Curcumin reinforces MSC-derived exosomes in attenuating osteoarthritis via modulating the miR-124/NF-kB and miR-143/ROCK1/TLR9 signalling pathways. J Cell Mol Med. 2020;24(18):10855-10865. [128] SHAO LT, LUO L, QIU JH, et al. PTH (1-34) enhances the therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes by inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines expression on OA chondrocyte repair in vitro. Arthritis Res Ther. 2022;24(1):96. [129] DONG S, XU G, LI X, et al. Exosomes Derived from Quercetin-Treated Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit the Progression of Osteoarthritis Through Delivering miR-124-3p to Chondrocytes. DNA Cell Biol. 2024;43(2):85-94. [130] WANG R, XU B, XU H. TGF-β1 promoted chondrocyte proliferation by regulating Sp1 through MSC-exosomes derived miR-135b. Cell Cycle. 2018;17(24):2756-2765. [131] WANG R, XU B. TGFβ1-modified MSC-derived exosome attenuates osteoarthritis by inhibiting PDGF-BB secretion and H-type vessel activity in the subchondral bone. Acta Histochem. 2022; 124(7):151933. [132] WANG R, XU B. TGF-β1-modified MSC-derived exosomal miR-135b attenuates cartilage injury via promoting M2 synovial macrophage polarization by targeting MAPK6. Cell Tissue Res. 2021;384(1):113-127. [133] MENG S, TANG C, DENG M, et al. Tropoelastin-Pretreated Exosomes from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Improve the Synthesis of Cartilage Matrix and Alleviate Osteoarthritis. J Funct Biomater. 2023;14(4):203. [134] 高坤,陈大宇,张勇,等.牛膝醇提物调控滑膜成纤维细胞外泌体抑制软骨细胞外基质降解[J].中国组织工程研究,2021,25(23):3636-3640. [135] SANKARANARAYANAN J, LEE SC, KIM HK, et al. Cinnamaldehyde-Treated Bone Marrow Mesenchymal-Stem-Cell-Derived Exosomes via Aqueous Two-Phase System Attenuate IL-1β-Induced Inflammation and Catabolism via Modulation of Proinflammatory Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25(13):7263. [136] WU J, WU J, XIANG W, et al. Engineering exosomes derived from TNF-α preconditioned IPFP-MSCs enhance both yield and therapeutic efficacy for osteoarthritis. J Nanobiotechnology. 2024;22(1):555. [137] 周俊,郭长青,王庆甫.脂多糖干预后的不同滑膜细胞来源炎性外泌体对软骨细胞的作用机制研究[J].安徽医科大学学报,2024,59(2):243-248. [138] LIANG Y, XU X, XU L, et al. Chondrocyte-specific genomic editing enabled by hybrid exosomes for osteoarthritis treatment. Theranostics. 2022; 12(11):4866-4878. [139] LIANG Y, XU X, LI X, et al. Chondrocyte-Targeted MicroRNA Delivery by Engineered Exosomes toward a Cell-Free Osteoarthritis Therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2020;12(33):36938-36947. [140] LIN Z, XU G, LU X,et al. Chondrocyte-targeted exosome-mediated delivery of Nrf2 alleviates cartilaginous endplate degeneration by modulating mitochondrial fission. J Nanobiotechnology. 2024;22(1):281. [141] CHEN M, LU Y, LIU Y, et al. Injectable Microgels with Hybrid Exosomes of Chondrocyte-Targeted FGF18 Gene-Editing and Self-Renewable Lubrication for Osteoarthritis Therapy. Adv Mater. 2024;36(16):e2312559. [142] ZHAO S, XIU G, WANG J, et al. Engineering exosomes derived from subcutaneous fat MSCs specially promote cartilage repair as miR-199a-3p delivery vehicles in Osteoarthritis. J Nanobiotechnology. 2023;21(1):341. [143] ZHANG H, YAN W, WANG J, et al. Surface functionalization of exosomes for chondrocyte-targeted siRNA delivery and cartilage regeneration. J Control Release. 2024;369:493-505. [144] WAN J, HE Z, PENG R, et al. Injectable photocrosslinking spherical hydrogel-encapsulated targeting peptide-modified engineered exosomes for osteoarthritis therapy. J Nanobiotechnology. 2023;21(1):284. [145] MONDAL J, PILLARISETTI S, JUNNUTHULA V, et al. Hybrid exosomes, exosome-like nanovesicles and engineered exosomes for therapeutic applications. J Control Release. 2023;353:1127-1149. [146] ZENG H, GUO S, REN X, et al. Current Strategies for Exosome Cargo Loading and Targeting Delivery. Cells. 2023;12(10):1416. [147] TIAN J, HAN Z, SONG D, et al. Engineered Exosome for Drug Delivery: Recent Development and Clinical Applications. Int J Nanomedicine. 2023;18:7923-7940. [148] ZHANG Y, LIU K, MA X, et al. Therapeutic Effects of Puerarin Loaded Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in a Rat Model of Osteoarthritis. Chem Biodivers. 2025;22(3):e202402095. [149] TAO SC, YUAN T, ZHANG YL, et al. Exosomes derived from miR-140-5p-overexpressing human synovial mesenchymal stem cells enhance cartilage tissue regeneration and prevent osteoarthritis of the knee in a rat model. Theranostics. 2017;7(1):180-195. [150] LIN T, WU N, WANG L, et al. Inhibition of chondrocyte apoptosis in a rat model of osteoarthritis by exosomes derived from miR 140 5p overexpressing human dental pulp stem cells. Int J Mol Med. 2021;47(3):7. [151] 陈明伟, 余雯莉, 夏苏杭,等.携载microRNA-140外泌体/海藻酸钠/胶原水凝胶修复关节软骨损伤[J].中国组织工程研究, 2025,29(16):3326-3334. [152] WANG Z, YAN K, GE G, et al. Exosomes derived from miR-155-5p-overexpressing synovial mesenchymal stem cells prevent osteoarthritis via enhancing proliferation and migration, attenuating apoptosis, and modulating extracellular matrix secretion in chondrocytes. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2021; 37(1):85-96. [153] LIU Q, WU J, WANG H, et al. Human Infrapatellar Fat Pad Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles Purified by Anion Exchange Chromatography Suppress Osteoarthritis Progression in a Mouse Model. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2024;482(7):1246-1262. [154] ZHENG T, LI Y, ZHANG X, et al. Exosomes Derived From miR-212-5p Overexpressed Human Synovial Mesenchymal Stem Cells Suppress Chondrocyte Degeneration and Inflammation by Targeting ELF3. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022;10:816209. [155] WANG H, ZHANG Y, ZHANG C, et al. Exosomes derived from miR-146a-overexpressing fibroblast-like synoviocytes in cartilage degradation and macrophage M1 polarization: a novel protective agent for osteoarthritis? Front Immunol. 2024; 15:1361606. [156] 吴志文,申恩谱,李贝贝,等.高表达软骨调素1骨髓间充质干细胞来源外泌体促进OA软骨细胞的增殖[J].中国组织工程研究,2023, 27(33):5277-5782. [157] PANG L, JIN H, LU Z, et al. Treatment with Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Nanovesicle-Containing Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogels Alleviates Osteoarthritis by Modulating Chondrogenesis and Macrophage Polarization. Adv Healthc Mater. 2023;12(17):e2300315. [158] ZHANG FX, LIU P, DING W, et al. Injectable Mussel-Inspired highly adhesive hydrogel with exosomes for endogenous cell recruitment and cartilage defect regeneration. Biomaterials. 2021;278:121169. [159] MA T, XU G, GAO T, et al. Engineered Exosomes with ATF5-Modified mRNA Loaded in Injectable Thermogels Alleviate Osteoarthritis by Targeting the Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2024;16(17): 21383-21399. [160] ZHOU R, GUO J, JIN Z. Advancing osteoarthritis therapy with GMOCS hydrogel-loaded BMSCs-exos. J Nanobiotechnology. 2024;22(1):493. [161] SONG X, XIAO J, AI X, et al. An injectable thermosensitive hydrogel delivering M2 macrophage-derived exosomes alleviates osteoarthritis by promoting synovial lymphangiogenesis. Acta Biomater. 2024;189: 130-142. [162] CAO H, LI W, ZHANG H, et al. Bio-nanoparticles loaded with synovial-derived exosomes ameliorate osteoarthritis progression by modifying the oxidative microenvironment. J Nanobiotechnology. 2024;22(1):271. [163] KANG S, SHI X, CHEN Y, et al. Injectable decellularized Wharton’s jelly hydrogel containing CD56+ umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes for meniscus tear healing and cartilage protection. Mater Today Bio. 2024;29: 101258. [164] YANG L, LI W, ZHAO Y, et al. Magnetic Polysaccharide Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exosomes Delivery Microcarriers for Synergistic Therapy of Osteoarthritis. ACS Nano. 2024. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01406. [165] LIU X, CHEN Y, ZHANG T. Mechanism study of BMSC-exosomes combined with hyaluronic acid gel in the treatment of posttraumatic osteoarthritis. Heliyon. 2024;10(14):e34192. [166] LI Z, LU H, FAN L, et al. Microneedle-Delivered PDA@Exo for Multifaceted Osteoarthritis Treatment via PI3K-Akt-mTOR Pathway. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024;11(42):e2406942. [167] YANG L, LI W, ZHAO Y, et al. Stem cell recruitment polypeptide hydrogel microcarriers with exosome delivery for osteoarthritis treatment. J Nanobiotechnology. 2024;22(1):512. |
| [1] | 于晨锜, 刘洋, 余建锋, 康康, 邓垚歌, 夏小伟, 张一健, 朱雪松. 仿生黑磷纳米系统调控滑膜巨噬细胞极化治疗骨关节炎[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(在线): 1-13. |
| [2] | 方凤超, 杨文武, 吴鸿涛, 彭 鹏, 梁智业, 姜 涛, 陈伟坚, 刘文刚, 赵传喜. 线粒体动力学失衡与骨关节炎软骨退变的关联分析[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(在线): 1-8. |
| [3] | 张 楠, 孟庆华, 鲍春雨. 踝关节有限元模型的特性及临床应用[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(9): 2343-2349. |
| [4] | 张子峥, 罗 旺, 刘长路. 膝内侧间室骨关节炎单髁置换中有限元分析的应用价值[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(9): 2313-2322. |
| [5] | 陈秋函, 杨 龙, 袁代柱, 吴展羽, 邹梓豪, 叶 川. 膝关节周围截骨治疗膝骨关节炎:治疗策略的优化[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(9): 2303-2312. |
| [6] | 吴妍廷, 李 宇, 廖金凤. 氧化镁纳米粒调控成骨与血管生成相关基因表达促进骨缺损愈合[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(8): 1885-1895. |
| [7] | 黎清斌, 林建辉, 黄文杰, 王明爽, 杜间开, 劳永锵. 膝关节周围骨巨细胞瘤病灶扩大刮除后填充骨水泥:软骨下植骨与不植骨的比较[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(8): 1896-1902. |
| [8] | 蒋星海, 宋玉林, 李德津, 邵建敏, 徐军志, 刘华凯, 吴应国, 沈岳辉, 冯思诚. 血管内皮生长因子165基因转染骨髓间充质干细胞构建血管化两亲性肽凝胶模块[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(8): 1903-1911. |
| [9] | 韩 腾, 马 洪, 杨若仪, 罗 祎, 李 超. 口腔鳞状细胞癌细胞来源外泌体递送血管生成素2参与肿瘤血管生成[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(7): 1755-1767. |
| [10] | 朱 静, 翟玺国, 吴岐珍, 王玉佩, 吕 玲, 侯勤正. 人羊膜在组织工程学中的发展及应用[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(7): 1818-1827. |
| [11] | 黄嘉雯, 潘之怡, 薛文君, 廉源沛, 徐建达. 植物源性囊泡与恶性肿瘤治疗:跨物种交流并调节宿主细胞反应[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(7): 1828-1838. |
| [12] | 王白燕, 杨 树, 王弋鸣, 吴梦晴, 肖 瑀, 郭梓璇, 张博艺, 冯书营. 外泌体递送CRISPR/Cas系统在靶细胞内可实现基因编辑[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(7): 1839-1849. |
| [13] | 刘星愉, 李丽洁. 人脱落乳牙牙髓干细胞分泌组:组织工程及干细胞治疗的新热点[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(7): 1858-1868. |
| [14] | 王振泽, 刘奋德, 张 瑞, 李武军. 间充质干细胞治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症:系统评价和Meta分析[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(7): 1869-1876. |
| [15] | 胡雄科, 刘少华, 谭 谦, 刘 昆, 朱光辉. 紫草素干预骨髓间充质干细胞改善老年小鼠股骨的微结构[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(7): 1609-1615. |
1.1 研究方案设计 见图1。
1.2 资料来源
1.2.6 文献检索策略 见图2。
1.2.7 检索文献量 共检索到580篇文献。
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
文题释义:
外泌体:是一种由细胞分泌的直径为30-150 nm膜性小囊泡,来源于多泡体的胞吐过程,广泛存在于血液、尿液等体液中。外泌体携带蛋白、核酸、脂质等活性分子,能参与细胞间通讯、调节免疫反应、传递信号等功能,已被广泛应用于疾病诊断、生物标志物筛选和药物递送等领域,外泌体的稳定性和靶向性使其成为再生医学与肿瘤治疗研究的热点。
骨关节炎:是一种常见的慢性退行性关节疾病,主要表现为关节软骨退化、骨赘形成、滑膜炎症及关节功能障碍,多见于膝、髋、手及脊柱关节,症状包括关节疼痛、僵硬、肿胀和活动受限。骨关节炎的病因与年龄、肥胖、关节损伤及遗传因素相关。
#br#
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
骨关节炎是一种常见的退行性疾病,当前治疗多集中在缓解症状,缺乏根本治愈方法。近年,间充质干细胞外泌体作为一种新兴的治疗手段,因其多种生物活性和修复功能,逐渐成为骨关节炎研究的热点。研究关注的重点包括外泌体的来源、工程化改造和靶向递送等,结合纳米技术和精准医学,外泌体在骨关节炎治疗中的应用前景广阔。尽管已有较多实验研究,但临床转化仍面临挑战,如何提高外泌体的疗效一致性和安全性是未来研究的关键。本文研究有助于推动外泌体在骨关节炎治疗中的应用。
#br#
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
| 阅读次数 | ||||||
|
全文 |
|
|||||
|
摘要 |
|
|||||