中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (9): 2303-2312.doi: 10.12307/2026.586

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

膝关节周围截骨治疗膝骨关节炎:治疗策略的优化

陈秋函1,2,3,杨  龙2,3,袁代柱2,3,吴展羽2,3,邹梓豪2,3,叶  川2,3   

  1. 1贵州医科大学临床医学院,贵州省贵阳市  550004;2贵州医科大学附属医院骨科,贵州省贵阳市  550004;3贵州医科大学组织工程与干细胞研究中心,贵州省贵阳市  550004
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-31 接受日期:2025-03-27 出版日期:2026-03-28 发布日期:2025-09-28
  • 通讯作者: 叶川,博士生导师,主任医师,贵州医科大学附属医院骨科,贵州省贵阳市 550004;贵州医科大学组织工程与干细胞研究中心,贵州省贵阳市 550004
  • 作者简介:陈秋函,男,2000年生,贵州医科大学在读硕士,主要从事关节疾病的基础与临床研究。
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省科学技术厅贵州省高层次创新人才(百层次)(黔科合平台人才[2020]6013),项目负责人:叶川

Peri-knee osteotomy for treatment of knee osteoarthritis: optimization of treatment strategies

Chen Qiuhan1, 2, 3, Yang Long2, 3, Yuan Daizhu2, 3, Wu Zhanyu2, 3, Zou Zihao2, 3, Ye Chuan2, 3    

  1. 1Clinical Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China; 3Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2024-12-31 Accepted:2025-03-27 Online:2026-03-28 Published:2025-09-28
  • Contact: Ye Chuan, Doctoral supervisor, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China; Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Chen Qiuhan, Master candidate, Clinical Medical College, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China; Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Guizhou Provincial High-level Innovative Talents of Department of Science and Technology of Guizhou Province, No. [2020]6013 (to YC)

摘要:

文题释义
膝关节周围截骨术:是一种矫正下肢力线和缓解关节负荷的骨科手术,主要应用于早中期膝骨关节炎患者或关节畸形矫正。通过调整胫骨或股骨截骨,改善关节应力分布,延缓关节置换的需求。
膝骨关节炎:是中老年人群中常见的退行性关节疾病,以关节软骨退化、骨赘形成及关节间隙狭窄为主要特征,导致患者出现疼痛、功能障碍,严重影响生活质量。随着人口老龄化进程加快,膝骨关节炎的发病率逐年升高,早期诊断和治疗策略的优化已成为骨科领域的重要研究热点。

摘要
背景:随着保膝理念的兴起,膝关节周围截骨技术凭借其矫正下肢力线、缓解关节负荷、延缓关节置换需求的优势,逐渐成为治疗早中期膝骨关节炎的重要方法。
目的:综述不同膝关节周围截骨技术的优缺点及其临床效果,为临床实践中选择合适的手术策略提供参考依据。
方法:检索PubMed数据库和中国知网2014-2024年发表的有关膝关节周围截骨治疗膝骨关节炎的相关文献,英文检索词包括“knee osteoarthritis,high tibial osteotomy,distal femur osteotomy,proximal fibula osteotomy,tibial condylar valgus osteotomy,dome shaped high tibial osteotomy,limb alignment correction,joint-preserving surgery”;中文检索词包括“膝关节骨关节炎,胫骨高位截骨术,股骨远端截骨术,腓骨近端截骨术,胫骨髁外翻截骨术,圆顶形截骨术,力线矫正,保膝手术”。按照纳入和排除标准最终纳入108篇文献进行综述。 
结果与结论:①膝关节周围截骨在治疗膝骨关节炎中的疗效已被广泛认可。近年来,通过优化不同术式,包括胫骨高位截骨、股骨远端截骨、腓骨近端截骨,以及创新性的腘肌前经胫骨结节高位截骨,临床效果得到了显著提升。②这些术式可通过矫正下肢力线和优化膝关节负重分布,有效缓解疼痛并改善患者的功能活动;然而,术后并发症如外侧合页骨折、髌骨低位以及矫正不足等问题仍需重点关注;随着个性化截骨方案的发展,结合患者年龄、畸形来源及基础疾病的综合评估,手术的精准性和安全性进一步提高。综上所述,膝关节周围截骨术在改善膝关节功能和提升患者生活质量方面发挥了重要作用。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 膝骨关节炎, 膝关节周围截骨, 胫骨高位截骨, 力线矫正, 保膝治疗, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: With the rise of knee-preserving concepts, peri-knee osteotomy has gradually become an important method for treating early- to mid-stage knee osteoarthritis due to its advantages in correcting lower limb alignment, reducing joint load, and delaying the need for joint replacement.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the advantages, disadvantages, and clinical outcomes of various knee osteotomy techniques, providing a reference for developing appropriate surgical strategies in clinical practice.
METHODS: The PubMed and CNKI from 2014 to 2024 were searched for relevant literature on peri-knee osteotomy for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. The Chinese and English search terms included “knee osteoarthritis, high tibial osteotomy, distal femur osteotomy, proximal fibula osteotomy, tibial condylar valgus osteotomy, dome shaped high tibial osteotomy, limb alignment correction, joint-preserving surgery.” Following inclusion and exclusion criteria, 108 articles were ultimately included for this review. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The effectiveness of peri-knee osteotomy in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis has been widely recognized. In recent years, the clinical outcomes have significantly improved through the optimization of various surgical techniques, including high tibial osteotomy, distal femoral osteotomy, proximal fibular osteotomy, and the innovative popliteus anterior high tibial tubercle osteotomy. (2) These procedures effectively alleviate pain and improve functional activity by correcting lower limb alignment and optimizing weight distribution across the knee joint. However, postoperative complications such as lateral hinge fractures, patella baja, and insufficient correction remain concerns. With the development of personalized osteotomy plans, the precision and safety of the surgery have been further enhanced through comprehensive assessment of the patient’s age, deformity origin, and underlying conditions. In conclusion, peri-knee osteotomy plays a crucial role in improving knee function and enhancing patients’ quality of life. 

Key words: knee osteoarthritis, peri-knee osteotomy, high tibial osteotomy, limb alignment correction, knee-preserving treatment, review

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