中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (18): 4618-4626.doi: 10.12307/2026.681

• 软骨组织构建 cartilage tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

分泌型模块化钙结合蛋白调控发育性髋关节发育不良大鼠髋臼软骨细胞自噬

郑  雯1,朱东生2,王晓东1   

  1. 1苏州大学附属儿童医院,江苏省苏州市  215000;2连云港市第一人民医院,江苏省连云港市  222000


  • 收稿日期:2025-05-15 接受日期:2025-09-08 出版日期:2026-06-28 发布日期:2025-12-04
  • 通讯作者: 王晓东,博士,教授,苏州大学附属儿童医院,江苏省苏州市 215000 通讯作者:朱东生,博士,副主任医师,连云港市第一人民医院,江苏省连云港市 222000
  • 作者简介:郑雯,女,1994年生,四川省会理市人,彝族,医师,现在四川省崇州市妇幼保健院儿科工作。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省重点研发计划(社会发展)项目(BE2022732),项目负责人:王晓东;连云港市妇幼健康科研项目(F202319),项目负责人:朱东生

Secreted modular calcium binding protein regulates autophagy in the acetabular cartilage of rats with developmental dysplasia of the hip

Zheng Wen1, Zhu Dongsheng2, Wang Xiaodong1   

  1. 1Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China; 2The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2025-05-15 Accepted:2025-09-08 Online:2026-06-28 Published:2025-12-04
  • Contact: Wang Xiaodong, PhD, Professor, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China Co-corresponding author: Zhu Dongsheng, PhD, Associate chief physician, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Zheng Wen, Physician, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Jiangsu Key Research and Development Program (Social Development), No. BE2022732 (to WXD); Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Research Project, No. F202319 (to ZDS)

摘要:


文题释义:
分泌型模块化钙结合蛋白2(Secreted modular calcium binding protein 2,SMOC2):主要在细胞外基质组织中发挥作用,能够调节细胞外基质与细胞间的相互作用。此外,SMOC2还与成骨、血管形成以及恶性肿瘤的发生发展存在关联。
自噬:是一种细胞内的自我降解过程,细胞通过形成双层膜结构的自噬体,包裹受损的细胞器、异常蛋白等物质,然后与溶酶体融合,利用溶酶体内的水解酶将其降解,从而实现细胞内物质的循环利用。

背景:发育性髋关节发育不良是儿童最常见的骨骼畸形,是青年期骨关节炎的重要危险因素,严重者需行髋关节置换,严重影响患者的生活质量。
目的:探讨SMOC2在发育性髋关节发育不良模型大鼠髋臼顶壁软骨中的表达及其对软骨细胞自噬的影响。
方法:①将新生SD大鼠随机分成疾病组和对照组(正常大鼠),疾病组大鼠建立发育性髋关节发育不良模型,2周龄时采用RT-qPCR和Western Blot检测髋臼顶壁软骨组织SMOC2的表达,并检测自噬相关蛋白的表达。②提取大鼠髋臼组织软骨细胞,将细胞分为Sh-NC、Sh-SMOC2-1、Sh-SMOC2-2三组,使用Western Blot检测自噬相关蛋白的表达;使用透视电镜观察细胞自噬小体数量。③提取大鼠髋臼组织软骨细胞,将细胞分为Sh-NC、Sh-SMOC2、Sh-SMOC2+740 Y-P(PI3K激活剂)3组,使用Western Blot检测自噬相关蛋白的表达,探究SMOC2是否通过PI3K/AKT通路调控软骨细胞自噬相关蛋白。 
结果与结论:①与对照组相比,疾病组大鼠髋臼顶壁软骨组织中SMOC2表达下降,自噬相关蛋白P62表达下降,Beclin表达升高,微管相关蛋白1轻链3Ⅱ/Ⅰ表达无差异。②与Sh-NC组相比,Sh-SMOC2-1、Sh-SMOC2-2组软骨细胞中在细胞中P62表达下降,微管相关蛋白1轻链3Ⅱ/Ⅰ比值升高,Beclin1表达下降。③与Sh-SMOC2组相比,Sh-SMOC2+740 Y-P组软骨细胞中P62表达升高,微管相关蛋白1轻链3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ比值下降,Beclin1表达无差异。综上所述,2周龄发育性髋关节发育不良大鼠髋臼软骨细胞自噬增强,SMOC2可以通过PI3K/AKT信号通路调控大鼠软骨细胞的自噬。 
https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3201-2342(郑雯);https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6344-5504(朱东生)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 发育性髋关节发育不良, SMOC2, 自噬, PI3K/AKT, 骨关节炎, 髋臼, 软骨细胞

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Developmental dysplasia of the hip is the most common skeletal deformity in children and is an important risk factor for osteoarthritis in young adulthood. Severe cases require hip replacement, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients.
Objective: To investigate the expression of secreted modular calcium-binding protein 2 (SMOC2) in the cartilage acetabular roof of rats with developmental dysplasia of the hip and its effect on chondrocyte autophagy.
Methods: (1) Newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into disease group and control group (normal rats). A developmental dysplasia of the hip model was established in rats of the disease group. At 2 weeks of age, the expression of SMOC2 as well in the cartilage tissues of the acetabular top wall was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. Autophagy-related protein expression was assessed via Western blot. (2) Chondrocytes were isolated from rat acetabular tissue and divided into three groups: Sh-NC, Sh-SMOC2-1, and Sh-SMOC2-2 groups. The expression of autophagy related proteins was detected by Western blot, and the number of autophagosomes was observed using a transmission electron microscope. (3) Rat acetabular tissue chondrocytes were extracted, and the cells were divided into three groups: Sh-NC, Sh-SMOC2, and Sh-SMOC2+740 Y-P (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activator) groups. The expression of autophagy-related proteins was detected using western blot to investigate whether SMOC2 regulates autophagy-related proteins of chondrocytes through the PI3K/AKT pathway.
Results and Conclusion: (1) Compared with the control group, there was a decrease in the expression of SMOC2, a decrease in the expression of autophagy-associated protein P62, an increase in the expression of Beclin, and no difference in the expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 II/I in cartilage tissues of the rat acetabular top wall in the disease group. (2) Compared with the Sh-NC group, P62 expression was decreased, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 II/I ratio was increased, and Beclin1 expression was decreased in chondrocytes of the Sh-SMOC2-1 and Sh-SMOC2-2 groups. (3) Compared with the Sh-SMOC2 group, P62 expression was elevated, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 II/I ratio was decreased, and there was no difference in Beclin1 expression in chondrocytes of the Sh-SMOC2+740 Y-P group. In conclusion, autophagy is enhanced in acetabular chondrocytes of 2-week-old rats with developmental dysplasia of the hip, and SMOC2 can regulate autophagy in rat chondrocytes through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT signaling pathway.


Key words: developmental dysplasia of the hip, SMOC2, autophagy, PI3K/AKT, osteoarthritis, acetabulum, chondrocytes

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