中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 204-217.doi: 10.12307/2025.543
• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇 下一篇
罗文彬1,李若云1,潘超凡1,罗长江2
收稿日期:2024-07-16
接受日期:2024-09-06
出版日期:2026-01-08
发布日期:2025-07-02
通讯作者:
罗长江,主任医师,硕士生导师,兰州大学第二医院疝与腹壁外科,甘肃省兰州市 730030
作者简介:罗文彬,男,1999年生,甘肃省天水市人,兰州大学在读硕士,主要从事疝补片材料及组织修复方面研究。
基金资助:Luo Wenbin1, Li Ruoyun1, Pan Chaofan1, Luo Changjiang2
Received:2024-07-16
Accepted:2024-09-06
Online:2026-01-08
Published:2025-07-02
Contact:
Luo Changjiang, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
About author:Luo Wenbin, Master candidate, Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
Supported by:摘要:
文题释义:
工程化外泌体:是指通过生物工程技术对外泌体进行改造或优化,以提高其在生物医学应用中的功能性和靶向性。外泌体自身是一种由细胞释放的纳米级囊泡,它们携带蛋白质、核酸及脂质等生物分子,可以在细胞之间传递信息,参与多种生物学过程。结果与结论:①功能负载通过将治疗性分子与外泌体相结合令外泌体获得额外的特性或是增强原本生理功能,其中超声处理和挤出法在操作简单的同时能获得更高的载药量。②表面修饰可令外泌体表达所需要的蛋白或增强其靶向性,包括基因工程和化学修饰,基因工程操作复杂、可重复性差,且最终产物可控性差;化学修饰则相对简单通用,更适合用于设计高度靶向和特定功能的工程化外泌体。③在预处理细胞以获得工程化外泌体的技术中,缺氧预处理操作简单且机制较明确故而应用较广,其既可激活糖酵解来促细胞增殖、还可通过生成缺氧诱导因子来调节血管内皮生长因子受体信号通路以促进血管生成。④外泌体自身功能受细胞来源、细胞状态、合成过程和细胞外环境等多种因素影响,如工程化策略复杂,最终工程化外泌体更难确保功能一致性,因此采用相对简单可靠的工程化策略更适合临床应用。⑤工程化外泌体结合生物材料或支架可用于治疗皮肤软组织的复杂创伤,如感染性伤口和糖尿病性溃疡,这种方法能够提高外泌体的递送量并控制其释放,促进组织修复,控制感染,并调节伤口局部微环境。⑥由于骨组织损害的特殊性,单一机制的工程化外泌体常治疗效果不明显,故而需要双重甚至多重功能工程化外泌体来促进骨折修复的同时抗炎或是重塑血管系统。⑦外泌体的来源对神经组织修复作用的影响明显,不同神经细胞来源的外泌体通过不同的作用促进神经修复。此外,支架联合工程化外泌体用于创伤性脑损伤有明显优势,支架自身提供止血和支持作用,联合工程化外泌体的促修复作用,能获得更好的治疗效果。⑧对于心脏组织和肝组织的修复,更需要开发抗纤维化的工程化外泌体以抵抗心脏组织和肝组织自身的损伤后异常修复,此方面未来还需进一步研究。
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6135-3438(罗文彬);https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7391-8774(罗长江)
中图分类号:
罗文彬, 李若云, 潘超凡, 罗长江. 工程化外泌体修复组织损伤:应用潜力及优异的生物稳定性和靶向特异性[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2026, 30(1): 204-217.
Luo Wenbin, Li Ruoyun, Pan Chaofan, Luo Changjiang. Engineered exosomes for repairing tissue damage: application potential, excellent biological stability, and targeting specificity[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2026, 30(1): 204-217.





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1.1.6 检索策略 PubMed数据库检索策略,见图1。
1.2 入组标准
1.3 文献质量评估 首先对文章标题、摘要和关键词进行初步筛选,然后对相关文献进行详细阅读。在筛选过程中,剔除与研究主题无关、内容重复或可信度较低的文献,并优先选择近5年内发表的文献。根据纳入及排除标准,对115篇符合标准的文献进行综述。文献检索流程见图2。
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
文题释义:
工程化外泌体:是指通过生物工程技术对外泌体进行改造或优化,以提高其在生物医学应用中的功能性和靶向性。外泌体自身是一种由细胞释放的纳米级囊泡,它们携带蛋白质、核酸及脂质等生物分子,可以在细胞之间传递信息,参与多种生物学过程。
组织修复:是指生物体在受到损伤后,通过一系列复杂的生物学过程来恢复组织的结构和功能的能力,这个过程通常涉及炎症反应、新血管生成、细胞增殖和迁移及组织重塑。
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中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
组织修复是一个动态的、协调的过程,涉及多种细胞类型、生长因子、细胞外基质成分和信号通路。在某些情况下,如慢性疾病或严重损伤,组织修复可能不完全,导致组织功能障碍或形成瘢痕纤维化。有效的组织修复对于维持生物体的健康和功能至关重要。
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中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
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