中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 499-507.doi: 10.12307/2025.898

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

激光微孔化脱细胞支架在组织再生中的应用

顾健美1，袁坤山1，周  强1，张海军1，2，3   

  1. 1生物医用材料改性技术国家地方联合工程实验室，山东省德州市   253000；2同济大学医学院，上海市   200000；3同济大学附属第十人民医院，上海市   200000
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-15 接受日期:2024-11-22 出版日期:2026-01-18 发布日期:2025-07-03
  • 通讯作者: 张海军，博士，二级教授，博士生导师，生物医用材料改性国家地方联合工程实验室首席科学家，山东省德州市 253000；同济大学医学院，上海市 200000；同济大学附属第十人民医院，上海市 200000
  • 作者简介:顾健美，女，1998年生，山东省德州市人，汉族，硕士研究生，2022年毕业于济南大学，主要从事生物医学工程研究。

Application of laser microporous decellularized scaffolds in tissue regeneration

Gu Jianmei1, Yuan Kunshan1, Zhou Qiang1, Zhang Haijun1, 2, 3   

  1. 1National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Biomedical Materials Modification Technology, Dezhou 253000, Shandong Province, China; 2Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China; 3Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200000, China
  • Received:2024-10-15 Accepted:2024-11-22 Online:2026-01-18 Published:2025-07-03
  • Contact: Zhang Haijun, PhD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Biomedical Materials Modification Technology, Dezhou 253000, Shandong Province, China; Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China; Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200000, China
  • About author:Gu Jianmei, Master candidate, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Biomedical Materials Modification Technology, Dezhou 253000, Shandong Province, China

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摘要：

文题释义：
脱细胞支架：采用物理、化学或酶解等脱细胞技术，自人或动物源器官/组织移除免疫原性细胞组分后所得的生物支架材料。
激光微图技术：通过激光改变材料物理结构及表面性能的高效造孔技术。

背景：在组织工程领域，脱细胞支架因生物相容性良好而被广泛应用；然而，由于其结构致密，它们常常面临细胞浸润不足的挑战。采用激光微孔加工技术对脱细胞支架进行结构改性，能够改善细胞的黏附与增殖。
目的：总结激光微孔化脱细胞支架在组织再生中的研究进展。
方法：在中国知网和PubMed数据库中检索相关文献，中文检索词为“脱细胞支架、激光微图技术、激光微孔化脱细胞支架、细胞外基质、激光打孔、组织再生”，英文检索词为“decellularized scaffold、laser micro-patterning technology、laser microporous decellularized scaffold、extracellular matrix、laser drilling、tissue regeneration”。根据纳入与排除标准筛选文献，最终纳入65篇文献进行分析与讨论。
结果与结论：①激光微图技术可以选择性去除组织实现支架改性，激光处理对支架的孔隙结构、机械性能、细胞渗透性均会产生影响且影响可控。②为了获得最优的细胞整合与重塑效果，应考虑支架预处理、激光与脱细胞技术工艺顺序、激光参数设定、脱细胞工艺和孔隙结构因素。③目前，激光微孔化脱细胞支架的应用显示其可以促进组织修复，但需要解决组织热损伤的问题，根据组织对不同波长激光的吸收，合理选择激光类型是一种可行的解决方案。④激光微孔化脱细胞支架进行组织损伤修复有望实现临床转化，优化激光工艺、开展更大规模的生物安全性测试是未来的研究方向。
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3883-8078 (顾健美) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料；口腔生物材料；纳米材料；缓释材料；材料相容性；组织工程

关键词: 脱细胞支架, 激光微图技术, 细胞外基质, 激光打孔, 组织损伤, 再细胞化, 组织再生, 工程化生物材料, 组织工程

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In the field of tissue engineering, decellularized scaffolds are widely used owing to their biocompatibility. Nonetheless, these scaffolds frequently encounter the limitation of inadequate cell infiltration due to their densely structured composition. Using laser micro-patterning technology for structural modification can improve cell adhesion and proliferation.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research progress of laser microporous decellularized scaffolds in tissue regeneration. 
METHODS: Related literature was searched in PubMed and CNKI databases. The Chinese and English search terms were “decellularized scaffold, laser micro-patterning technology, laser microporous decellularized scaffold, extracellular matrix, laser drilling, tissue regeneration.” References were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and 65 articles were finally included for analysis and discussion.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Laser micro-patterning technology can selectively remove tissues to achieve scaffold modification. Laser treatment can have controllable effects on the pore structure, mechanical properties and cell permeability of the scaffold. (2) To obtain the optimal cell integration and remodeling effect, factors such as scaffold pretreatment, laser and decellularization process sequence, laser parameter setting, decellularization process and pore structure should be considered. (3) At present, the application of laser microporous decellularized scaffolds has shown that it can promote tissue repair, and it is also necessary to solve the problem of tissue thermal damage. Depending on the absorption of different wavelengths of laser light by the tissue, a reasonable selection of laser type is a feasible solution. (4) Tissue damage repair by laser microporous decellularized scaffold is expected to achieve clinical transformation, and optimizing laser technology and carrying out larger scale biosafety testing are future research directions.


Key words: decellularized scaffold, laser micro-patterning technology, extracellular matrix, laser drilling, tissue injury, recellularization, tissue regeneration, engineered biomaterial, tissue engineering

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