中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (16): 3301-3310.doi: 10.12307/2025.449

• 组织工程骨材料 tissue-engineered bone •    下一篇

负载骨形态发生蛋白2水凝胶诱导牙髓干细胞的成骨分化

伊斯拉尔古丽·麦麦提1,贾  森2,刘  佳1,3   

  1. 1新疆医科大学第一附属医院(附属口腔医院)儿童口腔科-口腔预防科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830054;2西安医学院口腔医学院,陕西省西安市   710021;3新疆维吾尔自治区口腔医学研究所,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830054
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-22 接受日期:2024-06-28 出版日期:2025-06-08 发布日期:2024-09-02
  • 通讯作者: 刘佳,博士,主任医师,副教授,硕士生导师,新疆医科大学第一附属医院(附属口腔医院) 儿童口腔科-口腔预防科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830054;新疆维吾尔自治区口腔医学研究所,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830054
  • 作者简介:Liu Jia, MD, Chief physician, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Children’s Stomatology-Department of Stomatological Prevention, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Stomatological Hospital), Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Institute of Stomatology, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省青年创新团队建设科研计划项目(21JP111),项目负责人:贾森

Bone morphogenetic protein 2-loaded hydrogel induces osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells

Israrguli · Maimeti1, Jia  Sen2, Liu  Jia1, 3   

  1. 1Department of Children’s Stomatology-Department of Stomatological Prevention, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Stomatological Hospital), Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 2School of Stomatology, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi Province, China; 3Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Institute of Stomatology, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2024-04-22 Accepted:2024-06-28 Online:2025-06-08 Published:2024-09-02
  • Contact: 伊斯拉尔古丽·麦麦提,女,1997年生,新疆维吾尔自治区喀什市人,维吾尔族,新疆医科大学在读硕士,主要从事儿童口腔学及牙齿再生方向的研究。
  • About author:Israrguli · Meimeti, Master candidate, Department of Children’s Stomatology-Department of Stomatological Prevention, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Stomatological Hospital), Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    Shaanxi Provincial Youth Innovation Team Building Scientific Research Program, No. 21JP111 (to JS)

摘要:

文题释义:
牙髓干细胞:是来源于神经脊的间充质细胞,具有易获取、易培养、低免疫原性等特点,具有高度增殖能力和多向分化潜能,是目前组织再生应用最广泛的干细胞之一。
骨形态发生蛋白2:是转化生长因子β超家族成员之一,具有诱导未分化间充质干细胞向成软骨细胞和成骨细胞定向分化与增殖的能力,促进成骨细胞分化成熟,参与骨和软骨生长发育及其重建过程,进而加速骨缺损的修复。

背景:前期研究证明,甲基丙烯酸酐改性明胶/经处理牙本质基质复合水凝胶支架可促进人牙髓干细胞的增殖及分化。水凝胶负载骨形态发生蛋白2被认为是骨修复中有前景的材料。
目的:观察负载不同质量浓度骨形态发生蛋白2的甲基丙烯酸酐改性明胶/经处理牙本质基质复合水凝胶对人牙髓干细胞成骨向分化的诱导作用。
方法:制备含0,50,100,200 µg/mL骨形态发生蛋白2的甲基丙烯酸酐改性明胶/经处理牙本质基质复合水凝胶,分别记为GelMA/TDM、BMP-2(50 ng/mL)GelMA/TDM、BMP-2(100 ng/mL)GelMA/TDM、BMP-2(200 ng/mL)GelMA/TDM,检测复合水凝胶对骨形态发生蛋白2的体外缓释性能。采用改良组织块酶消化法提取人牙髓干细胞,分别接种于4种水凝胶表面,采用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖,DAPI染色检测细胞黏附;对各组水凝胶表面的人牙髓干细胞进行成骨诱导,进行碱性磷酸酶染色、碱性磷酸酶活性检测与茜素红染色,采用RT-PCR法检测相关成骨基因(Runx2、骨形态发生蛋白2、骨桥蛋白、骨钙素、Ⅰ型胶原)表达。
结果与结论:①甲基丙烯酸酐改性明胶/经处理牙本质基质复合水凝胶可持续释放骨形态发生蛋白2长达21 d,在第3-6天释放较快,第6天之后释放趋于平稳;②4种水凝胶均可促进人牙髓干细胞的增殖,其中以BMP-2(100 ng/mL)-GelMA/TDM复合水凝胶的作用最明显;相较于GelMA/TDM复合水凝胶,BMP-2-GelMA/TDM复合水凝胶可促进人牙髓干细胞的黏附,其中以BMP-2(200 ng/mL)-GelMA/TDM复合水凝胶的作用最明显;③相较于GelMA/TDM复合水凝胶,BMP-2-GelMA/TDM复合水凝胶可提升碱性磷酸酶活性、钙结节含量与相关成骨基因表达,综合分析显示BMP-2(100 ng/mL)-GelMA/TDM复合水凝胶的作用更明显;④结果表明,BMP-2(100 ng/mL)-GelMA/TDM复合水凝胶促进牙髓干细胞成骨向分化的能力更明显。
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3375-6520 (伊斯拉尔古丽·麦麦提) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 人牙髓干细胞, 骨形态形成蛋白2, 细胞增殖, 细胞分化, 组织工程, 牙髓-牙本质再生

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that gelatin modified by methacrylic anhydride (GelMA)/treated dentin matrix (TDM) composite hydrogel scaffolds can promote the proliferation and differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells. Hydrogels loaded with bone morphogenetic protein 2 are considered to be promising materials for bone repair.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of GelMA/TDM composite hydrogels loaded with different concentrations of bone morphogenetic protein-2 on the induction of osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells.
METHODS: GelMA/TDM composite hydrogels containing 0, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL bone morphogenetic protein 2 were prepared, denoted as GelMA/TDM, bone morphogenetic protein-2 (50 ng/mL) GelMA/TDM, bone morphogenetic protein-2 (100 ng/mL) GelMA/TDM, and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (200 ng/mL) GelMA/TDM, respectively, and the in vitro sustained release of bone morphogenetic protein 2 from the composite hydrogels was detected. Human dental pulp stem cells were extracted by the modified tissue block enzymatic digestion method and seeded on the surfaces of the four kinds of hydrogels. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay and cell adhesion was detected by DAPI staining. Human dental pulp stem cells on the surfaces of each group of hydrogels were induced to osteoblastically, and alkaline phosphatase staining, alkaline phosphatase activity detection, and alizarin red staining were performed. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of related osteogenic genes (Runx2, bone morphogenetic protein 2, osteopontin, osteocalcin, and type I collagen).
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The GelMA/TDM composite hydrogel could continuously release bone morphogenetic protein 2 for up to 21 days, with a faster release from day 3 to day 6 and a steady release after 6 days. (2) All four kinds of hydrogels could promote the proliferation of human dental pulp stem cells, among which the bone morphogenetic protein-2 (100 ng/mL)-GelMA/TDM composite hydrogel had the most obvious effect. Compared with the GelMA/TDM composite hydrogel, the bone morphogenetic protein-2-GelMA/TDM composite hydrogel could promote the adhesion of human dental pulp stem cells, among which the bone morphogenetic protein-2 (200 ng/mL)-GelMA/TDM composite hydrogel had the most obvious effect. (3) Compared with the GelMA/TDM composite hydrogel, the bone morphogenetic protein-2-GelMA/TDM composite hydrogel could increase the activity of alkaline phosphatase, the content of calcium nodules, and the expression of related osteogenic genes. Comprehensive analysis showed that the effect of the bone morphogenetic protein-2 (100 ng/mL)-GelMA/TDM composite hydrogel was more obvious. (4) The results show that the bone morphogenetic protein-2 (100 ng/mL)-GelMA/TDM composite hydrogel has a more obvious ability to promote the osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells.

Key words: human dental pulp stem cell, bone morphogenetic protein-2, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, tissue engineering, pulp-dentin regeneration

中图分类号: