中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (21): 4584-4592.doi: 10.12307/2025.818

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

距骨骨软骨损伤治疗方案的个性化组合

陈学明1,佘  昶2   

  1. 1无锡市第九人民医院(苏州大学附属无锡九院)足踝外科,江苏省无锡市   214000;2苏州大学附属第二医院骨科,江苏省苏州市   215004
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-15 接受日期:2024-07-20 出版日期:2025-07-28 发布日期:2024-12-07
  • 通讯作者: 佘昶,博士,主任医师,苏州大学附属第二医院骨科,江苏省苏州市 215004
  • 作者简介:陈学明,男,1980年生,江苏省宜兴市人,汉族,南京医科大学毕业,副主任医师,主要从事足踝外科方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82070904),项目负责人:佘昶

Personalized combination of treatment options for osteochondral lesions of the talus

Chen Xueming1, She Chang2   

  1. 1Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Wuxi Ninth People’s Hospital (Wuxi Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University), Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2024-04-15 Accepted:2024-07-20 Online:2025-07-28 Published:2024-12-07
  • Contact: She Chang, MD, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Chen Xueming, Associate chief physician, Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Wuxi Ninth People’s Hospital (Wuxi Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University), Wuxi 214000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82070904 (to SC) 

摘要:

文题释义

距骨骨软骨损伤:是踝关节疼痛常见疾病之一,具体涉及距骨关节面软骨及其下方的软骨下骨质的损伤。距骨具有独特的解剖结构,其大部分表面被关节软骨覆盖,广泛的关节面同时限制了血管供应的进入,这种有限的血供和关节透明软骨不可再生,导致损伤后自我修复能力差,往往需要手术治疗。
距骨骨软骨损伤的治疗:治疗方式有保守治疗、外科治疗和生物制剂治疗3种方案,其治疗方案的选择不仅取决于病变性质、大小、形态,还应考虑医疗技术水平以及患者接受程度、经济状况等因素,以提供个性化治疗。

摘要
背景:距骨骨软骨损伤根据不同分型或临床症状,采取不同的治疗方法,包括保守治疗、手术治疗和生物制剂治疗。保守治疗大多可短时缓解症状和延缓病情;近年来关节镜下微骨折、克氏针钻孔、距骨软骨移植、自体骨软骨细胞移植、干细胞移植和生物制剂富血小板血浆等方法,都取得了不错的疗效。
目的:对距骨骨软骨损伤的治疗进展进行总结,为其临床治疗提供参考。
方法:第一作者以“talus,osteochondral lesions of the talus,微骨折,移植术,富血小板血浆,干细胞”为检索词,检索PubMed数据库及中国知网2019年1月至2024年1月的相关文章。共纳入67篇文献进行综合分析。
结果与结论:①目前治疗距骨骨软骨损伤的方式较多,对于Hepple分型Ⅰ和Ⅱ型病变保守康复治疗和生物制剂可缓解病情;Hepple分型Ⅲ型及以上且病变直径< 15 mm选择微骨折或克氏针钻孔骨髓刺激治疗,但长期疗效不佳;更大病变面积选择置换和再生策略,移植失败是其最主要风险;②生物制剂治疗作为一种治疗新方式,多用于组合治疗;③针对距骨骨软骨损伤的治疗,需要考虑到软骨损伤的面积、部位等诸多因素,其治疗方案的选择还应考虑医疗技术开展情况以及患者接受程度、经济状况等因素,建议对各种方案进行个性化组合治疗,以取得更为良好的效果。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: ">距骨, 距骨骨软骨损伤, 微骨折, 移植术, 富血小板血浆, 干细胞

Abstract: BACKGROUND: For the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus, different treatment methods are adopted according to different types or clinical symptoms, including rehabilitation treatment, surgical treatment and biological agent treatment. Most of the rehabilitation treatment relieved the symptoms and delayed the disease in a short time. In recent years, arthroscopic microfractures, kirschner wire drilling, talus cartilage transplantation, autologous osteochondrocyte transplantation, stem cell transplantation, and biological preparation platelet-rich plasma can achieve good results.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the progress in the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus and provide a reference for their clinical treatment. 
METHODS: Using English search terms “talus, osteochondral lesions of the talus” and Chinese search terms “microfracture, transplantation, platelet-rich plasma, stem cell,” we searched the PubMed and CNKI databases for related articles published from January 2019 to January 2024. A total of 67 articles were included for comprehensive analysis. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There are many ways to treat osteochondral lesions of the talus. Conservative rehabilitation and biological agents can alleviate the condition for Hepple type I and II lesions. Microfracture or Kirschner wire drilling bone marrow stimulation treatment is used for Hepple type III and above and lesion diameter < 15 mm, but the long-term efficacy is poor. Replacement and regeneration strategies are used for larger lesions, and transplant failure is the main risk. (2) Biological agent treatment is a new treatment method and is often used in combination therapy. (3) In view of the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus, many factors such as the area and location of cartilage injury should be taken into account. The selection of the treatment plan should also take into account the level of medical technology, patient acceptance, economic status and other factor. Personalized combination treatment of various schemes is recommended to achieve good results.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: "> , talus, osteochondral lesions of the talus, microfracture, transplantation, platelet-rich plasma, stem cell

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