中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (8): 1643-1649.doi: 10.12307/2025.342

• 组织构建临床实践 clinical practice in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

轻度认知障碍老人与认知正常老人在不同单双任务下姿势控制能力的差异性

张雨馨1,于  聪1,张  翠2,丁建军1,陈  岩3   

  1. 1山东体育学院,山东省济南市  250102;2山东省体育科学研究中心,山东省济南市  250102;3山东体育学院运动与健康学院,山东省济南市250102
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-25 接受日期:2024-04-30 出版日期:2025-03-18 发布日期:2024-07-05
  • 通讯作者: 陈岩,博士,教授,山东体育学院运动与健康学院,山东省济南市 250102
  • 作者简介:张雨馨,女,1999年生,山东省泰安市人,汉族,山东体育学院2022级在读硕士,主要从事康复生物力学与脑机制方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(12102235),项目负责人:张翠;国家体育总局科技创新项目(23KJCX058),项目负责人:陈岩

Differences in postural control ability between older adults with mild cognitive impairment and those with normal cognition under different single-task and dual-task conditions

Zhang Yuxin1, Yu Cong1, Zhang Cui2, Ding Jianjun1, Chen Yan3   

  1. 1Shandong Sport University, Jinan 250102, Shandong Province, China; 2Shandong Sports Science Research Center, Jinan 250102, Shandong Province, China; 3College of Sports and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan 250102, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2024-03-25 Accepted:2024-04-30 Online:2025-03-18 Published:2024-07-05
  • Contact: Chen Yan, PhD, Professor, College of Sports and Health, Shandong Sport University, Jinan 250102, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Yuxin, Master candidate, Shandong Sport University, Jinan 250102, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 12102235 (to ZC); Science and Technology Innovation Project of General Administration of Sport of China, No. 23KJCX058 (to CY)

摘要:


文题释义:
轻度认知障碍老年人:轻度认知障碍是介于正常认知和痴呆的一个过渡阶段,记忆或其他认知功能减退,又不足以诊断为痴呆,且日常生活能力好的一种亚临床状态。轻度认知障碍老年人患痴呆以及发生跌倒和平衡能力下降的风险很高。
压力中心位移样本熵:样本熵是一种用于量化数据的随机性和不确定性的统计指标,用于分析时间序列数据的复杂性和非线性特征。在人体运动学分析中,以足底压力中心位移样本熵值衡量姿势控制的复杂程度。

背景:老年人由于轻度认知障碍而引起姿势控制能力下降,导致跌倒风险增高。双任务是在接近真实生活场景下评估认知与姿势控制能力关系的主要研究范式,站立时足底压力中心位移样本熵可代表姿势控制的复杂程度。
目的:基于压力中心位移样本熵分析轻度认知障碍老年人与认知正常老年人在姿势控制-空间工作记忆任务中姿势稳定性特征及控制策略的差异,探究认知功能损伤对站立姿势控制能力影响。
方法:筛选出符合条件的16名轻度认知障碍老年人和17名认知正常老年人为研究对象,老年人分别完成5种测试任务,包括空间工作记忆、双脚平衡站立、Romberg 站立、双脚平衡站立-空间工作记忆双任务、Romberg 站立-空间工作记忆双任务,每个任务有效完成3次。使用Kistler三维测力台采集足底压力中心数据,测试指标包括认知行为学指标(认知得分与反应时长)、动力学指标(压力中心位移及样本熵)。
结果与结论:①轻度认知障碍老年人在执行空间工作记忆任务时认知得分最大、反应时间最短,双脚平衡站立-空间工作记忆双任务居中,Romberg 站立-空间工作记忆双任务认知得分最小、反应时长最长,任务间比较差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05);②与双脚平衡站立、Romberg 站立任务相比,轻度认知障碍老年人在执行双任务时压力中心前后、内外方向位移显著更大,压力中心前后、内外方向位移样本熵值显著更小(P < 0.05);③在空间工作记忆任务下,轻度认知障碍老年人与认知正常老年人的认知得分、反应时长差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);在两种双任务下,与认知正常老年人相比,轻度认知障碍老年人的认知得分更小、反应时长更长(P < 0.05),同时轻度认知障碍老年人压力中心前后、内外方向位移更大,压力中心前后、内外方向位移样本熵值更小(P < 0.05);④结果表明:与认知正常老年人相比,轻度认知障碍老年人在执行双任务时姿势控制复杂度降低,系统适应性较差,自动调控能力下降,更容易受到空间工作记忆干扰,跌倒风险增大。 
https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4572-4276(张雨馨)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 轻度认知障碍, 老年人, 空间工作记忆, 姿势控制, 双任务, 样本熵

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The decreased postural control ability due to mild cognitive impairment in elderly people leads to the increased risk of falls. Dual-task is the primary research paradigm for evaluating the relationship between cognition and postural control in the scenes close to real life. The sample entropy of the plantar center of pressure (COP) displacement during standing can represent the complexity of postural control.
OBJECTIVE: Based on the COP displacement sample entropy, to analyze the differences in postural stability characteristics and control strategies between older adults with mild cognitive impairment and cognitively normal older adults during the dual-task with postural control and spatial working memory, aiming to explore the impact of cognitive impairment on the postural control ability during standing.
METHODS: Sixteen older adults with mild cognitive impairment and 17 cognitively normal older adults were eligible and selected for the study. They completed five test tasks, including spatial working memory, double-feet balance stance, Romberg stance, double-feet balance stance-spatial working memory dual-task, and Romberg stance-spatial working memory dual-task, with three valid completions of each task. The plantar COP data were collected by the Kistler 3D force platform. The indicators included cognitive behavior (cognitive score and reaction time) and kinematic indexes (COP displacement and sample entropy).
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The older adults with mild cognitive impairment performed the spatial working memory task with the greatest cognitive score and the shortest reaction time, the double-feet balance stance-spatial working memory dual-task with moderate cognitive score and reaction time, and the Romberg stance-spatial working memory dual-task with the smallest cognitive score and the longest reaction time, where the differences were significant among the tasks (P < 0.05). In the older adults with mild cognitive impairment, the anterior-posterior and medial-lateral COP displacements were significantly greater, and their sample entropy values were significantly smaller in the double-feet balance stance-spatial working memory dual-task and Romberg stance-spatial working memory dual-task than in the double-feet balance stance and Romberg stance tasks (P < 0.05). In the spatial working memory task, there were no significant differences in cognitive score and reaction time between the both groups (P > 0.05); however, in the double-feet balance stance-spatial working memory dual-task and Romberg stance-spatial working memory dual-task, cognitive scores were significantly smaller and reaction times were longer in the older adults with mild cognitive impairment compared with the cognitively normal older adults (P < 0.05). In the double-feet balance stance-spatial working memory dual-task and Romberg stance-spatial working memory dual-task, the older adults with mild cognitive impairment exhibited significantly greater anterior-posterior and medial-lateral COP displacements and significantly smaller sample entropy values compared with the cognitively normal older adults 
(P < 0.05). All findings indicate that compared with cognitively normal older adults, older adults with mild cognitive impairment exhibit smaller complexity, poorer systematic adaption and decreased automatic regulation of the postural control during performing the dual-tasks, who are more susceptible to spatial working memory interference, leading to the increased risk of falls.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

Key words: mild cognitive impairment, older adults, spatial working memory, postural control, dual-task, sample entropy

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