中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (8): 1626-1633.doi: 10.12307/2025.347

• 皮肤粘膜组织构建 skin and mucosal tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

深板层角膜移植与穿透性角膜移植治疗基质角膜营养不良预后的比较

静如意,陈颖欣,曹  蕾   

  1. 北部战区总医院,辽宁省沈阳市  110000

  • 收稿日期:2024-03-04 接受日期:2024-04-30 出版日期:2025-03-18 发布日期:2024-07-05
  • 通讯作者: 陈颖欣,副主任医师,北部战区总医院,辽宁省沈阳市 110000
  • 作者简介:静如意,女,1998年生,辽宁省沈阳市人,汉族,硕士,医师,主要从事角膜病方向的研究。

Prognosis of deep lamellar keratoplasty versus penetrating keratoplasty in the treatment of stromal corneal dystrophy

Jing Ruyi, Chen Yingxin, Cao Lei     

  1. General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2024-03-04 Accepted:2024-04-30 Online:2025-03-18 Published:2024-07-05
  • Contact: Chen Yingxin, Assoicate chief physician, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Jing Ruyi, Master, Physician, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China

摘要:


文题释义:
基质角膜营养不良:角膜营养不良是一系列与家族遗传有关的原发性进行性角膜病变的总称,临床上根据受侵犯的角膜解剖层次分为前部、基质部及后部角膜营养不良3类,基质角膜营养不良是其中最常见的一种。
深板层角膜移植术:是指完全暴露后弹力层,彻底切除病变角膜,将板层角膜植片移植到角膜植床上的一种手术方式。

背景:基质角膜营养不良的传统手术治疗方式为穿透性角膜移植,近年来越来越多的医生开始考虑使用深板层角膜移植治疗基质角膜营养不良。目前国内对比穿透性角膜移植和深板层角膜移植治疗基质角膜营养不良的研究少有报道。
目的:比较深板层角膜移植和穿透性角膜移植治疗基质角膜营养不良的疗效。
方法:选择2000年1月至2018年1月北部战区总医院收治的基质角膜营养不良患者57例(57眼),男18例,女39例,平均年龄(52.9±20.0)岁,按照手术治疗方式分为深板层角膜移植组(n=21)、穿性角膜移植组(n=36),术后随访观察最佳矫正视力、角膜内皮细胞密度、角膜植片透明度、术中及术后并发症、原病复发情况。
结果与结论:①两组患者术后1,3,6,12个月的视力均高于术前(P < 0.05),两组间术后不同时间点的视力比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);随着术后时间的延长,两组患者角膜内皮细胞密度逐渐降低,穿透性角膜移植组患者术后6,12个月的角膜内皮细胞密度年丢失率均高于深板层角膜移植组(P < 0.05);两组患者术后12个月的角膜植片透明率比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②深板层角膜移植组有6例出现并发症,穿透性角膜移植组有14例出现并发症,57例患者术后12个月内均无复发,两组患者术后5年的复发率比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),穿透性角膜移植组和深板层角膜移植组术后5年的移植物存活率分别为83%和86%,组间比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③结果表明,基质角膜营养不良的治疗可考虑使用深板层角膜移植替代一部分穿透性角膜移植。
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4714-5659(静如意)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 穿透性角膜移植, 深板层角膜移植, 基质角膜营养不良, 最佳矫正视力, 角膜植片透明度, 角膜内皮细胞密度, 并发症, 复发

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The traditional surgical treatment for stromal corneal dystrophy is penetrating keratoplasty. In recent years, more and more doctors are considering using deep lamellar keratoplasty to treat stromal corneal dystrophy. Few studies comparing penetrating keratoplasty and deep lamellar keratoplasty for stromal corneal dystrophy have been reported in China.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy of deep lamellar keratoplasty and penetrating keratoplasty in the treatment of stromal corneal dystrophy.
METHODS: Fifty-seven patients (57 eyes) diagnosed with stromal corneal dystrophy and admitted at the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from January 2000 to January 2018 were selected, including 18 males and 39 females, aged (52.9±20.0) years. They were divided into two groups based on the surgical procedure: 21 cases (21 eyes) in the deep lamellar keratoplasty group and 36 cases (36 eyes) in the penetrating keratoplasty group. A 12-month follow-up was conducted to observe the best-corrected visual acuity, corneal endothelial cell density, corneal graft transparency, intraoperative and postoperative complications, and recurrence of the original disease. 

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Visual acuity at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively was higher than preoperatively in both groups (P < 0.05). The postoperative best-corrected visual acuity between the two groups showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). With the prolongation of postoperative time, the corneal endothelial cell density gradually decreased in the two groups, and the annual loss rate of corneal endothelial cell density in the penetrating keratoplasty group was higher than that of the deep lamellar keratoplasty group at 6 and 12 months postoperatively (P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference in corneal graft transparency between the two groups at 12 months postoperatively (P > 0.05). There were six cases of complications in the deep lamellar keratoplasty group and 14 cases of complications in the penetrating keratoplasty group. There was no recurrence in 57 cases within 12 months after surgery, and the difference in recurrence rates between the two groups at 5 years after surgery was not significant (P > 0.05). The graft survival rates at 5 years after surgery in the penetrating keratoplasty group and the deep lamellar keratoplasty group were 83% and 86%, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). To conclude, deep lamellar keratoplasty could be considered as an alternative to penetrating keratoplasty in the treatment of stromal corneal dystrophy.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

Key words: penetrating keratoplasty, deep lamellar keratoplasty, stromal corneal dystrophy, best-corrected visual acuity, corneal graft transparency, corneal endothelial cell density, complication, recurrence

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