中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (在线): 1-6.

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L5/S1椎间盘突出重吸收的腰骶矢状面参数改变

何心愉1 ,周红海*1 2 3, 姜  宏4 ,马智佳4 ,苏少亭1  ,林泽宏1 , 田君明*1 2 3 ,陈龙豪1 2 3 ,刘柏杰1   

  1. 1广西中医药大学骨伤学院,广西南宁   530001;2广西中医骨伤科生物力学与损伤修复重点实验室,广西南宁   530001;3国医大师韦贵康学术思想与临床诊疗传承发展研究中心,广西南宁   530001;4苏州市中医医院,浙江苏州   215007
  • 出版日期:2023-01-08 发布日期:2023-02-22
  • 通讯作者: 周红海,医学博士,教授,广西中医药大学骨伤学院,广西壮族自治区南宁市 530001 田君明,硕士,副主任医师,广西中医药大学骨伤学院,广西壮族自治区南宁市 530001
  • 作者简介:何心愉,女,1996生,广西中医药大学在读硕士研究生,主要从事脊柱与四肢退行性疾病的中医防治研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金地区基金资助项目(81360552,81660800),项目负责人:周红海;广西中医药大学桂派中医药传承创新团队资助项目(2022V001),项目负责人:周红海

Changes in Lumbosacral Sagittal Plane Parameters of L5/S1 Disc Herniation

  • Online:2023-01-08 Published:2023-02-22

摘要:

文题释义:
文章与已有腰骶矢状面参数与椎间盘重吸收文章的差异:以往对具体某一椎间盘突出节段发生重吸收的腰骶椎矢状面参数研究较少,也并未见椎间盘重吸收中变化最显著的腰骶椎矢状面参数研究。本研究则选取了已发生重吸收的L5/S1椎间盘突出患者的腰骶矢状面参数,以期探究椎间盘重吸收过程中变化最显著的腰骶矢状面参数,并分析其影响L5/S1椎间盘突出重吸收的机制。
腰椎间盘突出重吸收:是指腰椎间盘突出症患者在接受非手术治疗下,突出的椎间盘自发消失或缩小的现象。血管化、各种炎症介质、组织降解反应、脱水以及细胞凋亡等机制都与椎间盘重吸收有关。


背景:以往有研究表明了腰骶矢状面参数与腰椎间盘突出重吸收现象的相关性,但腰骶矢状面参数包括了腰椎前凸角、腰骶关节角、骶骨倾斜角等众多参数,且各参数对椎间盘重吸收的影响具有差异性;另外,目前对具体某一节段椎间盘突出重吸收的研究尚少,测量数据也多从DR或CT中获取,而从MRI中测量的腰骶矢状面参数与L5/S1椎间盘突出后发生重吸收的相关性报道则较少见。
目的:研究L5/S1椎间盘突出重吸收后的腰椎矢状面参数相应的改变以及筛选出椎间盘重吸收过程中的变化最显著的腰骶矢状面参数。
方法:本研究选取2011年2月-2019年6月具有完整MRI影像资料的患者,符合腰椎间盘突出症诊断标准,且单纯接受非手术治疗的L5/S1突出节段发生重吸收现象的57例腰椎间盘突出症患者。MRI测量冠状面上的最大突出层面的突出面积、腰骶矢状面参数[腰椎曲度指数(LCI)、腰椎Cobb角(α)、L5/S1椎间盘角(β)、椎间隙高度测量(D)、腰骶关节角(LSA)、骶骨平台角(STA)、骶骨倾斜角(SS)、下腰椎前凸角(Lower LL)],将腰骶矢状面参数在R 软件中采用随机森林模型进行变量重要性排序,再将显著的变量进行多元线性回归拟合,并通过配对样本t检验分析比较治疗前后各参数之间的变化。
结果与结论:共计57例L5/S1腰椎间盘突出症患者纳入本研究,患者症状及影像学特征都很大程度上较前明显缓解。初始的MSU分型1级4例、2级29例、3级24例经治疗后变为1级48例,2级9例;随机森林模型提示椎间隙高度、腰椎曲线指数、骶骨倾斜角、下腰椎前凸角在L5/S1椎间盘突出重吸收中变化显著,而其变化显著性排序为腰椎曲线指数>椎间隙高度>骶骨倾斜角>下腰椎前凸角。治疗前后的腰椎曲线指数、腰椎Cobb角、骶骨平台角增大,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。椎间盘角、椎间隙高度、下腰椎前凸角、骶骨倾斜角、腰骶关节角比较差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。腰椎曲线指数是突出椎间盘重吸收中变化最显著的腰骶矢状面参数,而腰椎曲线指数、骶骨倾斜角、下腰椎前凸角是临床常用的描述腰椎曲度变化的参数,说明L5/S1椎间盘突出重吸收与腰椎曲度变化存在相关性,提示在腰椎间盘突出症治疗中可通过改善或恢复紊乱的腰椎曲度进而达到临床治愈的目的。

关键词: 随机森林算法, 腰椎间盘突出症, 重吸收, 腰骶矢状面参数

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown the correlation between lumbosacral sagittal plane parameters and natural absorption of lumbar disc herniation. However, the lumbosacral sagittal plane parameters included lumbar lordosis Angle, lumbosacral joint Angle, sacral inclination Angle and many other parameters, and the effects of each parameter on the natural absorption of herniated disc were different. In addition, there are few studies on reabsorption of a specific segment of intervertebral disc herniation at present, and most of the measured data are obtained from DR Or CT, while the correlation between lumbosacral sagittal plane parameters measured from MRI and reabsorption after L5/S1 intervertebral disc herniation is rarely reported. 
OBJECTIVE: To study the corresponding changes of lumbar sagittal plane parameters after L5/S1 intervertebral disc herniation reabsorption and to screen out the lumbosacral sagittal plane parameters with the most significant changes during intervertebral disc reabsorption.
METHODS: In this study, 57 patients with lumbar disc herniation who had complete MRI image data from February 2011 to June 2019 were selected and met the diagnostic criteria for lumbar disc herniation and only received non-surgical treatment for reabsorption of L5/S1 protrusion segments. MRI measured the protrusion area of the maximum protrusion plane in the coronal plane, lumbosacral sagittal plane parameters [lumbar curvature index (LCI), lumbar Cobb Angle (α), L5/S1 disc Angle (β), intervertebral height measurement (D), lumbosacral joint Angle (LSA), sacral platform Angle (STA), sacral inclination Angle (SS), and lower lumbar lordosis Angle (Lowe LL))]. Besides, lumbosacral sagittal plane parameters were ranked in importance of variables by random forest model in R software, and then significant variables were fitted with multiple linear regression, and the changes between parameters before and after treatment were analyzed and compared by paired sample T test. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 57 patients with L5/S1 lumbar disc herniation were included in this study, and the symptoms and imaging features of the patients were significantly relieved to a large extent. Before treatment, there were 4 cases of grade 1, 29 cases of grade 2 and 24 cases of grade 3. After treatment, there were 48 cases of grade 1 and 9 cases of grade 2. The random forest model suggested that intervertebral height, lumbar curve index, sacral inclination Angle, and lower lumbar lordosis Angle changed significantly in L5/S1 disc herniation reabsorption, and the order of their change significance was lumbar curve index > intervertebral space height > sacral inclination Angle > lower lumbar lordosis Angle. Lumbar curve index, lumbar Cobb Angle and sacral platform Angle increased, with statistical significance (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in disc Angle, intervertebral height, lower lumbar lordosis Angle, sacral inclination Angle and lumbosacral joint Angle (P>0.05). Lumbar curvature index was the most significant parameter of lumbosacral sagittal plane in herniated disc reabsorption. In addition, lumbar curve index, sacral inclination Angle, and lower lumbar lordosis Angle are commonly used clinically to describe the change of lumbar curvature, suggesting that L5/S1 disc herniation reabsorption is correlated with the change of lumbar curvature.

Key words: Random forest model, Lumbar disc herniation, Reabsorption, Lumbosacral sagittal plane parameters

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